Tojo, Hirohito, and the Land of the Rising Sun GH2/Napp

Tojo, Hirohito, and the Land of the Rising Sun GH2/Napp

Do Now:

“After France and the Netherlands fell to the Nazis, Japan made plans to take over their colonies in Indochina and the Dutch East Indies. (The East Indies are now Indonesia.) To stop such action by the Japanese, U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt banned the export of materials vital to Japanese industry. The ban went into effect, in July 1941 and covered such materials as petroleum, petroleum products, and scrap metal.

As Japan’s oil reserves dropped, the country became more and more desperate for supplies of fuel. Japan tried to persuade the United States to change its policies. The United States refused. In early December 1941, Japanese military leaders ordered a force of ships and planes to attack an American base in the Pacific.”

1-  What did Japan do after France and the Netherlands fell to the Nazis? ______

2-  How did the United States respond to Japanese aggression in Asia? ______

3-  How did Japan react to the United States decision in 1941? ______

I.  Japan’s Desire for Empire

A.  Japan lacked natural resources

1-  Needed resources for industries

2-  Emperor Meiji began a policy of modernization and westernization

B.  Conquered an empire in East Asia for resources for factories

1-  Russo-Japanese War (1905)

a)  Japan gained Korea

2-  Conquered Manchuria

3-  Sought colonies

II.  Tojo and Hirohito

A.  Tojo (1884 – 1948)

1-  Militarist

2-  Became Prime Minister of Japan

3-  Ordered attack on Pearl Harbor

B.  Hirohito

1-  Emperor of Japan

2-  Followed militarists (considered divine)

III.  Rape of Nanking

A.  Between 1937 and 1938

B.  Massacred between 250,000 and 300,000

C.  Japanese troops raped 20,000 Chinese women

D.  Terrorized city

E.  Believed in racial superiority of Japanese

Questions:

1-  Provide two facts about Japan’s geography.

2-  Who was Meiji and what did he do?

3-  Why did Japan engage in imperialism?

4-  State one fact about the Russo-Japanese War?

5-  Define militarism.

6-  How was Tojo similar to Hitler?

7-  How did the Japanese people view their emperor?

8-  State three facts about the Rape of Nanking.

9-  Prove that the Japanese were ethnocentric.

10- What did Hitler, Mussolini, and Tojo have in common?

1. Which change is associated with Meiji Japan?
(1) expansion of feudal political and social values
(2) modernization of the economy and government
(3) adoption of isolationist policies
(4) abandoning plans for an overseas empire
2. One way Japanese feudalism during the Tokugawa shogunate was different from European feudalism is that during this period of Japanese feudalism
(1) political power was more centralized
(2) foreign missionaries were welcomed
(3) emperors were overthrown in coups d’état
(4) most wealthy merchants were able to attain high social status
3. Japan began an aggressive policy of imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries because Japan
(1) needed raw materials for its factories
(2) hoped to spread Shinto
(3) sought Western technology
(4) wanted revenge for the Opium Wars
4. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Japan rapidly industrialized. During which period did this change take place?
(1) Heian Court (3) Yuan dynasty
(2) Song dynasty (4) Meiji Restoration
5. Which political leader gained power as a result of the failing economy of the Weimar Republic?
(1) Adolf Hitler
(2) Francisco Franco
(3) Benito Mussolini
(4) Charles de Gaulle / 6. By closing Japanese harbors to most foreigners in the 1600s, the Tokugawa shogunate attempted to
(1) protect Japan from European influence
(2) increase Japanese agricultural production
(3) eliminate Japan’s influence on Southeast Asia
(4) destroy traditional Japanese culture
7. What is one reason for Japan’s involvement in the first Sino-Japanese War and the annexation of Korea?
(1) pursuit of imperialistic goals
(2) reaction to foreign invasions
(3) institution of five-year plans
(4) need for a warm-water port
8. The rise of fascism in Germany between World War I and World War II is often associated with the
(1) promotion of ethnic diversity
(2) appeal of the doctrine of nonviolence
(3) establishment of a strong parliamentary system
(4) impact of the global economic depression
9. One way in which the conquest of Manchuria by the Japanese (1931) and the annexation of Czechoslovakia by Germany (1939) are similar is that these actions
(1) marked the end of the aggressive expansion of these nations
(2) demonstrated the weakness of the League of Nations
(3) reestablished the balance of power in the world
(4) led to the Long March