This table is adopted from T. Ebrahimi and M. Kunt, “ Visual data compression for multimedia applications”, Proc. IEEE, vol.86, pp. 1109-1125, June 1998. Some minor changes have been made. Recent standards such as H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10, Dirac, AVS China, JPEG-LS, JPEG-XR, JBIG, VC-1 (SMPTE), VC-2 are now added.

Standard / Standardization
body / Main Target
Bitrate / Main Compression
Technologies / Main Target
Applications
JPEG / ISO/IEC / Compression ratio 2-30 / -DCT
-Perceptual quantization
-Zig zag reordering
-Huffman coding
-Arithmetic coding / -Internet Imaging
-Digital photography
-Image and video Editing
JPEG2000 / ISO/IEC / Compression ratio 2-50 / Wavelets EBCOT / -Internet Imaging
-Digital photography
-Image and video Editing
-Printing
-Medical imaging
-Mobile applications
-Color fax
-Satellite imaging
-Region of interest coding, photo and art digital libraries, progressive transmission by pixel accuracy or resolution, laser print rendering, pre-press imagery
JPEG-LS
Part1 and Part2 / ISO/IEC / Part1
-Context Modeling
-Prediction
-Golomb Codes
Part2
-Arithmetic coding
-More effective prediction
- Modified Golomb coding / - Lossless and near lossless coding of continuous tone still images
-Lossless and near lossless coding of continuous tone still images.
JBIG1- JBIG-2 / ISO/IEC
JTC1/SC29/WG1
ITU-T / JBIG1- Compression ratio 20:1
JBIG2 - Compression ratio2-4 items higher than JBIG1 / JBIG1
-Context based arithmetic coder (dynamically adaptive to the statistics of each pixel content)
-Progressive/Sequential Encoding
JBIG2
-Lossy, lossless & lossy to lossless image compressions.
-High quality progressive coding
-Content progressive coding.
-Content based (text, halftones, line art, large characters) decomposition & coding
-Model based coding, soft pattern matching, pattern matching & substitution
-File formats to enclose the coded bi-level image
-Data (both sequential & random access) / -Progressive (lossy to lossless) coding for fax apparatus
-Document storage & archiving
-Coding images on WWW.
-Wireless data transmission
-Print spooling.
-Teleconferencing.
-Interactive multimedia
JPEG-XR / ISO/IEC / Based on HD Photo of Microsoft (Windows Media Photo) / -Storage and Interchange of continuous tone photographic content (Lossless and lossy )
MPEG-1 / ISO/IEC / Bitrates up to about 1.5Mb/s / -DCT
-Perceptual quantization
-Adaptive quantization
-Zig zag reordering
-Predictive motion compensation
-Bi-directional motion compensation
-Half-sample accuracy motion estimation
-Huffman coding
-Arithmetic coding / -Storage on CD-ROM
-Consumer video
Digital camera
MPEG-2 / ISO/IEC / Bitrates 1.5Mb/s up to about 35Mb/s / -DCT
-Perceptual quantization
-Adaptive quantization
-Zig zag reordering
-Predictive motion compensation
-Bi-directional motion compensation
-Frame/field based motion compensation
-Half pixel accuracy motion estimation
Spatial scalability
-Quality scalability
-Huffman coding
-Arithmetic coding
-Error resilient coding / -Digital TV
-Digital HDTV
-High quality video
-Satellite TV
-Cable TV
-Terrestrial broadcast
-Video editing
-Video storage
Digital camera
MPEG-4 Part-2 visual / ISO/IEC / Bitrates 8 Kb/s up to about 35Mb/s / -DCT
-Wavelet
-Perceptual quantization
-Adaptive quantization
-Zig zag reordering
-Zero tree reordering
-Predictive motion compensation
-Bi-directional motion compensation
-Frame/field based motion compensation
-Half-sample accuracy motion estimation
-Advanced motion estimation
-Overlapping motion compensation
-Spatial scalability
-Temporal scalability
-Quality scalability
-View dependent scalability
-bitmap shape coding
-Sprite coding
-Face animation
-Dynamic mesh coding
-Huffman coding
-Arithmetic coding
-Error resilient coding / -Internet
-Interactive video
-Visual editing
-Content manipulation
-Consumer video
-Professional video
-2D/3D computer graphics
-Mobile
H.261 / ITU-T / Bitrates p x 64kb/s
(p: 1-31) / -DCT
-Adaptive quantization
-Zig zag reordering
-Predictive motion compensation
-Integer-sample accuracy motion estimation
-Huffman coding
-Error resilient coding / -ISDN video-conferencing
H.262 / ITU-T / Bitrates 1.5Mb/s up to about 35Mb/s / -DCT
-Perceptual quantization
-Adaptive quantization
-Zig zag reordering
-Predictive motion compensation
-Bi-directional motion compensation
-Frame/field based motion compensation
-Half pixel accuracy motion estimation
Spatial scalability
-Quality scalability
-Huffman coding
-Arithmetic coding
-Error resilient coding / -Digital TV
-Digital HDTV
-High quality video
-Satellite TV
-Cable TV
-Terrestrial broadcast
-Video editing
-Video storage
Digital camera
H.263 / ITU-T / Bitrates 8 Kb/s up to about 1.5Mb/s / -DCT
-Adaptive quantization
-Zig zag reordering
-Predictive motion compensation
-Bi-directional motion compensation
-Half-sample accuracy motion estimation
-Advanced motion estimation
-Overlapping motion compensation
-Huffman coding
-Arithmetic coding
-Error resilient coding / -POTS video-telephony
-Desktop video telephony
-Mobile video telephony
H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10 / JVT ( ISO/IEC & ITU-T) / Bitrates 8 Kb/s up to about 150 Mb/s / -IntDCT
-Adaptive quantization
-Zig zag reordering
-Alternate Scan ordering
-Predictive motion compensation
-Bi-directional motion compensation
-Variable block size motion compensation with small block sizes
-Quarter pixel motion compensation
-Motion vector over picture boundaries
-Multiple reference picture motion compensation
Adaptive intra directional prediction
Loop filter
-Arithmetic coding
-Variable length coding
-Error resilient coding / -Broadcast over cable, terrestrial and satellite
-Interactive or serial storage on optical and magnetic devices, DVD etc
-Conversational services
-Video on demand
_MMS over ISDN, DSL, Ethernet, LAN, wireless and mobile networks
HDTV
Digital camera
AVS Part 2 / AVS workgroup / Bitrates 1 Mb/s up to about 20 Mb/s / – Interlace handling: Picture-level adaptive frame/field coding (PAFF)
Macroblock-level adaptive frame/field coding (MBAFF)
– Intra prediction: 5 modes for luma and 4 modes for chroma
– Motion compensation: 16x16/16x8/8x16/8x8 block size
– Resolution of MV: 1/4-pel, 4-tap interpolation filter
– Transform: 16bit-implemented 8x8 integer cosine transform
– Quantization and scaling: scaling only in encoder
– Entropy coding: 2D-VLC and Arithmetic Coding
– In-loop deblocking filter
– Motion vector prediction
–Adaptive scan / -HD broadcasting
-High density storage media
-Video surveillances
-Video on demand
AVS Part 7 / AVS workgroup / Bitrates 1 Mb/s up to about 20 Mb/s / – Intra prediction: 9 modes for luma and 3 modes for chroma
– Motion compensation: 16×16, 16×8, 8×16, 8×8, 8×4, 4×8 block size
– Resolution of MV: 1/4-pel
– Transform: 16bit-implemented 4x4 integer cosine transform
– Quantization and scaling: scaling only in encoder
– Entropy coding: Context based adaptive 2D variable length coding.
– In-loop deblocking filter / -Record and local playback on mobile devices
-Multimedia Message Service (MMS)
-Streaming and broadcasting
- Real-time video conversation
Dirac / BBC R&D
Mozilla Public License (MPL) / Bit rates: Few hundred Kbps up to about 15Mbps / - 4x4 Wavelet transform
- Dead-zone quantization and scaling
- Entropy coding: Arithmetic coding
- Hierarchical motion estimation
- Intra, Inter prediction
- Single and Multiple reference P, B frames
- 1/8 pel motion vector precision
- 4x4 orthogonal block based motion compensation (OBMC)
- Daubechies wavelet filters / - Broadcasting
- Live streaming video
- Pod casting
- Peer to peer transfers
- HDTV with SD (standard definition) simulcast capability
- Desktop production
- News links
- Archive storage
- PVRs (personal video recorder)
- Multilevel Mezzanine coding
DiracPRO (SMPTE VC-2) / BBC R&D
SMPTE / Bit rates: Lossless HD to < 50Mbit/s
Compression ratio 20:1 / - 4x4 Wavelet transform
- Dead-zone quantization and scaling
- Entropy coding: Context based adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC), exp-Golomb coding
- Intra-frame only (forward, backward prediction modes also available)
- Frame, Field coding (Interlace and progressive)
- Daubechies wavelet filters / - Professional (high quality, low latency) applications (not for end user distribution).
- Lossless or visually lossless compression for archives.
- Mezzanine compression for re-use of existing equipment.
- Low delay compression for live video links.
MPEG -7
(Multimedia content description interface) / ISO/IEC / -Standardized content based description of various types of multimedia info such as still pictures, graphics, text, video, audio etc, and info about their combination for multimedia presentation. To help multimedia search engines for browsing, search and retrieval. Visual retrieval systems (e.g. video databases, teleshopping, medical and remote sensing applications), auditory retrieval systems (e.g., Karaoke and music sales and historical speech database). Beyond-search applications (e.g., agent driven media selection and filtering, and intelligent multimedia presentation), other applications such as Education or Surveillance. Cross Modal Retrieval systems.
MRC (Mixed raster Content) / ITU-T / Up to 33.6kbps / Multilayer and multi-resolution representation. Compression algorithms are designed and optimized for each layer / -Internet color fax, color fax over PSTN, Digipaper, High quality document image compression
VC-1 (WMV-9) / SMPTE 421M / 10Kbps – 8 Mbps / - IntDCT
- Adaptive block size transform [ (8x8), (8x4), (4x8) and (4x4) ]
- Motion estimation for (16x16) and (8x8) blocks
- ½ pixel and ¼ pixel motion vector resolution
- Dead zone and uniform quantization
- Multiple VLCs
- In-loop de-block filtering, fading compensation / - Media delivery over the internet
- Broadcast TV
- HD DVD
- Digital projection in theaters, mobile phones
- DVB-T, DVB-S