BY 124 SI 10/06/15
Why were Phylum Nematoda and Phylum Arthropoda recently classified into a clade called Ecdysozoa?
They both undergo ecdysis which is the molting of their exoskeletons
Phylum Nematoda are also known as the ______. They do/do not have a circulatory system. They are unsegmented and are ______, meaning they have a false coelom.
Roundworms, pseudocoelomates
T/F Juveniles of parasitic nematodes (specifically Trichinella) can be found encysted in fat tissue of pork or humans.
Phylum Arthropoda’s characteristics consist of a segmented/non-segmented body, soft/hard exoskeleton, and unjointed/jointed appendages. The five modified functions for these appendages include ______, ______, ______, ______, and ______. Arthropods do/do not have eyes and ______that help with touch and smell. Arthropods have a(n) ______circulatory system, which is characterized by having the organs bathed in a body fluid called hemolymph. ______are characteristic cells that help with immunity. Hemolymph is pumped through ______. Anthropoda has the most species of any phylum!
Walking, feeding, sensory reception, reproduction, and defense; antennae; open; hemocytes; sinuses
What are the discussed classes of Phylum Arthropoda?
Chelicerates (spiders, ticks, mites, sea spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs), Myriapods (centipedes and millipedes), hexapods (insects), and crustaceans (crabs, lobsters, shrimps, barnacles)
Class Chelicerate are called this because of characteristic claw-like feeding appendages they have called ______. These can be modified (scorpion vs. spider). Arachnids are a type of chelicerate. They possess ______lungs in order to respire.
Chelicerae; book
Class Myriapoda are non-terrestrial/terrestrial and have jaw-like mandibles. Lab book differentiates centipedes and millipedes.
Class Hexapoda has more species than all other forms of life combined. Insects’ excretory systems are made up of ______tubules. They respire through ______.
Malpighian, tracheal tubes
What’s the difference between complete and incomplete metamorphosis?
complete metamorphosis – egg turns into larva which has to go throw a pupa stage to become an adult
incomplete metamorphosis – egg turns into nymph which is just a miniature adult
Two orders of Class Crustacea include ______and ______.
Isopods (rollypolly) and decapods (large crustaceans like lobster, crab, shrimp)
The two Phylum of Deuterostomia are ______and ______. Echinoderms include the Asteroidea,Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea, Crinoidea, and Holothuroidea. They have tube feet, water vascular systems, and endoskeletons. They can show asexual reproduction and regeneration.
Echinodermata and chordata
What are the 4 key characteristics of chordates?
1)notochord 2) dorsal, hollow nerve cord 3) pharyngeal slits or clefts 4) muscular, post-anal tail
The common name of Cephalochordata is ______. They are the first with all 4 chordate characteristics. They have a bladelike shape and burrow itself in the sand and are ______feeders. Common name of Urochordata is ______. T/F The adult tunicate retains all 4 chordate characteristics.
Lancelets, suspension, tunicates or sea squirts, F (only larva shows 4 characteristics. Adult tunicate only has slits).
Craniates are chordates that have ______. In humans, neural crest cells will develop to become skull bones and cartilage around the _____ area. In aquatic craniates, the pharyngeal clefts evolved into ______. Craniates are generally more/less muscular than tunicates and lancelets. Craniates have a heart with at least 1/2 chamber(s), red blood cells with ______, and ______for excretory purposes.
Heads, jaw, gill slits; more; 2; hemoglobin; kidneys
What is the first class with a head? The skull is made of bone/cartilage. Everything that we’d studied until Myxini is invertebrates! They do/do not have jaws and vertebrae. They produce a lot of ______.
Myxini (hagfish), cartilage, do not, slime
Vertebrates are craniates that have a ______. The first vertebrate class is ______, also known as the lampreys.
Backbone, petromyzontida