Name: ______Date: ______Block ______

The Guide: A Biologist in Gorongosa

PREVIEWEXERCISE

ThequestionsinTable1belowtouchontopicsdiscussedinTheGuide.Beforewatchingthefilm,reviewthesequestionsandrespondusingpriorknowledge.

POSTVIEWEXERCISE

Revise yourresponses in Table 1basedon what yousawin the film.

Film:

Table1.PreviewandpostviewexerciseforTheGuide.

Preview / Postview
1.Yellowstoneisan898,317-ha(3,468-sq.-mi.)nationalparkinWyoming(U.S.).Thereareover6,500nationalparksincountriesaroundtheworld.Describetworeasonsforestablishingnationalparks.
2a.Thefilmyouwillwatchisabout anationalparkinMozambique,acountry inAfrica.Describewhatyou thinkmightbedifferentaboutanationalparkinMozambiqueandonein theUnitedStates.
2b.Whatmightbethesameabout anationalparkinMozambiqueandoneintheU.S.?
3.Describewhatyou thinkanationalpark tourguide’sroleis.
4.Describewhatyou thinkanationalparkbiologist’sroleis.
5.Describe an argument apersonmightmakeagainsttheestablishment of anationalpark.

Answer thefollowingquestionsafter watchingthefilm.

6.Which of the following actions would decrease biodiversity in a protected land likeGorongosaNationalPark?

A.Increasingsizesofhumanpopulations.

B.Increasingsizesofpopulationsofsmallanimalslikeinsectsandamphibians.

C.Decreasingpollutionlikeacidprecipitation.

D.Decreasingtheamountofpoachingoflargeanimals.

7.List three human activities that have negatively affected biodiversity in GorongosaNationalPark.

8.Inthefilm,Dr.E.O.WilsonandTongaTorcidahelpthelocalchildrenconductabioblitzinasmallsectionofGorongosaNationalPark.Whatisthepurposeofabioblitz?

9.From1977to1992therewasacivilwarinMozambique.Figure1showsthenumberof

largeanimalsinGorongosabeforeandafterthecivilwar.Studythegraph andanswer questions a–c.

Figure1.Numbersof large animalslivinginGorongosaNationalParkbefore(1972)andafter(2000)thecivilwar.

a.Describeingeneralwhathappenedtotheseanimalpopulationsfrom1972to2000.

b.StatetheestimatednumberofwildebeestthatlivedinGorongosabeforethewar.Afterthewar?

c.Usingevidencefromthegraph,whichanimalpopulationwasmostaffectedbythewar?Whatevidencecanyoucitefromthefilmthatmighthaveledtothedeclineofthisparticularanimalspeciesrelativetotheotherspecies?

Inthefilm,TongaexplainsthatMountGorongosaisthesourceofthewaterthatanimalsin theparkdrink.Thetreesonthemountainholdontothewaterfromtherainandreleaseitslowlydownthemountainovertime—evenduringthedryseason.Tongasaysthatwhenhewaslittle,MountGorongosawasalwayscoveredwithclouds,buttherearenocloudsanymore.Themovementofwaterandtheformationofcloudscanbeexplainedbythewatercycle.Adiagramof thewater cycleis showninFigure2.

Figure2.AsimplifiedillustrationofthewatercycleinGorongosaNationalPark.

10.Use thediagramtoexplainwhydestructionof therain forest onMount Gorongosawouldresultinashortageofaccumulatedwaterinthepark.

11.SincetheendofthecivilwarinMozambiquein1992,manyanimalpopulationsizeshavechanged.Estimatedpopulationsizesforafewofthelargeanimalsinthepark areincludedinTable2below.

Table2.SomelargeanimalspeciespopulationestimatesinGorongosaNationalPark,Mozambique,in 1972beforethe civilwarbegan.Estimateswere made againin 2000,eightyearsafterthewarended,andalsoin2014.

Species / 1972estimates(prewar) / 2000estimates(postwar) / 2014estimates
Africanbuffalo / 14,000 / 100 / 500
Bluewildebeest / 6,500 / 20 / 400
Elephant / 2,500 / 200 / 400
Hippo / 3,500 / 100 / 200
Lichtensteinhartebeest / 800 / 100 / 300
Lion / 200 / Nodata / 30
Sableantelope / 700 / 100 / 500
Waterbuck / 3,500 / 300 / 6,000
Zebra / 3,500 / 20 / 40

a.Describeingeneralhowtheanimalpopulationsizeshavechangedsincetheyear2000.

b.Of the species listed, which park species appears to have made the greatestrecoveryinpopulationsize?

EXTENSION/CRITICALTHINKING

12.Listthreehumanactivitiesthathavenegativelyaffectedbiodiversityinyour(city,region,country).

13.Ifyouandyourclassmatesconductedabioblitzliketheoneinthefilm,butintheareaaroundyourschool,list10speciesthatyouthinkyoumightfind:

Alternatively,conductabioblitzinyourschoolyard,liketheoneconductedinthefilm.Usingreferencebooksandresourcesprovidedbyyourteacher, workingroupstoidentifyatleast10species:

14.Certainanimalssuchaszebra,lion,andwildebeestwerereintroducedintheparkafterthe war, but others werenot. Basedon whatyou’ve learned, whydosome animalpopulationshavetobereintroduced?