The Effects of the Industrial RevolutionPacket #13
S. GerhardtGlobal II
SWBAT: Identify and explain the short term and long term effects of the Industrial Revolution
DO NOW: Please identify the differences between Communism and Capitalism
COMMUNISM / CAPITALISMEssential Themes / Notes
Key Effects of the Industrial Revolution
Industrialization
Machines were used to produce goods in factories
Urbanization
Growth of cities
People came to urban (city) areas to get jobs in factories
Poor Working Conditions
Workers in factories worked in dangerous conditions for long hours and low pay
Young children were frequently hired and abused in the factories and mines
Formation of Labor Unions
Workers formed labor unions (organizations of workers) that fought to improve the pay and working conditions of workers
Legislation
Governments eventually passed laws to set minimum wage and end child labor
Summary
Since the 1800s, people have debated whether the Industrial Revolution was a blessing or a curse. The early industrial age brought terrible hardships. In time, however, reformers pressed for laws to improve working conditions. Labor unions won the right to bargain with employers for better wages and working conditions. Eventually working class men gained the right to vote, which gave them political power.
Despite the social problems created by the Industrial Revolution – low pay, dismal living conditions – the Industrial Age did have some positive effects. As demand for mass-produced goods grew, new factories opened, which in turn created more jobs. Wages rose so workers had enough left after paying rent and buying food to buy a newspaper or visit a music hall. Horizons widened and opportunities increased.
Wrap-Up & Review
“It was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town of unnatural red
and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery and tall chimneys, out of which interminable serpents of smoke trailed themselves forever and ever, and never got uncoiled. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with ill smelling dye. . . .”
— Charles Dickens, Hard Times
The author of this passage is describing conditions
caused by the
(1) Commercial Revolution
(2) French Revolution
(3) Industrial Revolution
(4) Scientific Revolution
A long-term result of the Industrial Revolution in
Europe was
(1) an increase in the number of small farms
(2) a decline in international trade
(3) a general rise in the standard of living
(4) a strengthening of the economic power of thenobility
Which event had the greatest influence on thedevelopment of laissez-faire capitalism?
(1) fall of the Roman Empire
(2) invention of the printing press
(3) Industrial Revolution
(4) Green Revolution
In the late 1800s, one response of workers inEngland to unsafe working conditions was to
(1) take control of the government
(2) return to farming
(3) set minimum wages
(4) form labor unions
The need of a constantly expanding
market for its products chases the bourgeoisie over the whole surface of the globe. It must nestle everywhere, settle everywhere, establish connections everywhere. . . .
— Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
Which historical event do Marx and Engels believe created the situation described in this passage?
(1) Cold War
(2) World War I
(3) Russian Revolution
(4) Industrial Revolution
Which characteristic is associated with an economy based on the principles of laissez-faire?
(1) prices based on supply and demand
(2) production quotas established by the central government
(3) distribution of goods determined by the customs of a traditional society
(4) some goods exchanged for other goods of equal value