THE DEFINITION OF PROBLEMS OF THE REGIONAL STRATEGIC PLANNING

Chuhareva O. V., senior lecturer of the branch of FS BEI of HPE “MSIU” in the town of Vyazma

The development of the social and economic system of a region depends a lot on set and structured strategic goals, rational resources used for their solution and logical planned actions. Unfortunately in Russia the majority of regional strategies working out today don’t stand up to criticism. Their main disadvantages are excessive declarativity, orientation mainly on short-term aims, insufficient mutual dependence of the planned actions, and insufficient attention to the national and municipal interests in connection with the lack of the uniform system of the state planning of regions development.

Imperfection of the regional planning of the social and economic development is one of the reasons of low efficiency of the regional economic policy of the RF. Not all of managers realize the necessity of working out of strategic program solutions for regulation of the development of the territorial economic systems, not all of them know about the modern ways of their working out.

There can’t be only one strategy; in every region we can find an alternative. But for its selection from a number of possible strategies we need to know and use methods of optimization, search for optimal strategy for the most effective solution of the regional problems.

Working out of the strategy of the complex development of a region demands thorough analyses of the existing trends and problems in the sectoral structure of economy, in development of the industry, rural economy, transport, in other branches of a region, in the industrial, social, market infrastructure, social and ecological spheres, in financial activity of enterprises, households, activity of financial and credit institutes, the sphere of the external economic links of a region.

Such factors as value of problems of stability and equilibrium of the regional economic system, possibilities of the optimal correlation of temps of economic growth and social development, equilibrium of working places and labor resources, correspondence of scales of material production and “ecological capacity“ of the territory, provision of economy with natural resources, correspondence of volumes of the material production and the level of development of the financial and credit infrastructureneedspecial attention.

The efficiency of the regional strategic planning depends on the efficiency of the mechanism used for realization of the regional strategy including the degree of the efficiency of influence of regional authorities and publicity on all subjects of management (regardless of the form of property) in interests of achievement of set strategic goals. The mechanism of strategy realization can be made only on the basis of such methods of management of the complex development as administrative, normative and legal and economic ones.

Coordination of goals, planned actions, and schemes of resources distribution among state and local bodies of power represents a great difficulty especially in post-crises economy. That’s why nowadays it’s difficult to realize the regional strategic plans and programs and sometimes it’s even impossible. It’s difficult to say whether the centralization of state regulation of economy will help to solve this problem. We have the opinion that the results of the system of regulation of territorial development depends first of all on workability of management system that in its turn is defined by accuracy of distribution of authorities and responsibility between federal and regional bodies of power and administration.

But during the last 10 or 12 years federal strategic, regional and municipal plans exist independently.

The problem of the system organization of the strategic regional planning must be present in the list of the top-priority problems of Russia. The regional power should be oriented on more initiative work in the sphere of the strategic planning. The content of the functional tasks of the state power in regions should be changed more radically starting from the new distribution of authorities in a federation and improving 3-level system of management of the regional economy.

The efficiency of the functioning of such difficult system depends not only on the quality of management decisions taken on all levels of management but on its coordination. The main aim of the federal centre is optimization of the social and economic development of regions as a unit. The majority of goals for development of education, health protection, culture, housing and communal services, social service of population must be solved on the level of bodies of the state power of the subjects of the RF and bodies of the local self-government. The rationalization of the structure of the economy of the old industrial districts, complex and effective use of the natural resources, formation of the infrastructural systems of a region, realization of the ecological programs, provision of the rational inter-district connections is a sphere of great importance for regional authorities. The administration of the social and economic development in regions on the local level demands first of all interaction among households, entrepreneurs and local power. On this level the quality of life is determined.

The regional level of management is right to consider as a system of authorities providing the vertical coordination of functions of the central and local levels of power. It’s not right to consider the regional level of power only as peculiar “buffer” in relations between the centre of the state and local administration as a mediator between these levels of power. The regional management link is designed to resolve the contradictions between them that are contradictions among national, regional and local economic interests.

This circumstance demands the expansion simultaneously on 2 trends of projects of their own regional strategic plans and target programs; the direct participation of regions in making both federal and municipal plans of social and economic development.

The representatives of the regional power bodies need to provide necessary level of coordination of the national and territorial social and economic strategies, federal, regional and municipal target programs that have direct relation to this region. Otherwise even qualitative programs will not have good results.

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