1
Questionnaire
The answering is voluntary and anonymous.
The questioner’s name / The questioner’s code/ Settlement
Date
Query period
………………hour…………….minutes
The questioner’s signature
1) What was the first language which you have learned to speak?
1. Romanian
2. Hungarian
3. German
4. Other: ………………
2) In which language do you speak with the above persons?
In case of choosing the „half-and-half” answer, please mark with RM those speaking Hungarian and Romanian, NM those speaking in German and Hungarian and NR those speaking German and Romanian. If someone speaks in other language please write the language without abbreviation!
RomanianR / Hungarian
M / German
N / Other: / Half-and-half / Doesn’t concern me
Husband/Wife/Living partner
Father
Mother
Maternal grandfather
Maternal grandmother
Paternal grandfather
Paternal grandmother
First child
3) What was/is the nationality of your...?
Romanian / Hungarian / Rroma/Gypsy / German / Other / Doesn’t know/ Doesn’t concern me
Mother / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
Father / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
Maternal grandfather / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
Maternal grandmother / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
Paternal grandfather / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
Paternal grandmother / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
Husband/Wife/Living partner / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
4) From the above statements which one you identify with?
1. Romanian Hungarian
2. Hungarian from Transylvania
3. Hungarian with Romanian citizenship
4. Székely
5. Other What?………..………………….
5) To what extend do you agree with the following statements? Being born Hungarian...
Totally agree / Rather agree / Rather disagree / Totally disagree / Doesn’t knowIt inflates me with pride / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Makes my life easier / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Gives me a sense of shame / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
It’s a disadvantage / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
6) In your opinion which could be the 3 most important characteristics by which someone can be regarded as Romanian?
Questioner, please hand over the Q6! Mark with an X!
a. be born in Romaniab. be a Romanian citizen
c. mother tongue should be Romanian
d. be part of a Romanian church
e. be living in the territory of Romania
f. respect the Romanian flag
g. feel the Romanian culture as his/hers
h. consider himself/herself a Romanian
i. respect the customs of Romanians
j. speak Romanian in the family
Other………………………………………………………………………
7) In your opinion which could be the 3 most important characteristics by which someone can be regarded as Hungarian?
Questioner, please hand over the Q7! Mark with an X!
a. be born in Hungaryb. be Hungarian citizen
c. mother tongue be Hungarian
d. be part of a Hungarian church
e. be living in the territory of Hungary
f. respect the Hungarian flag
g. feel the Hungarian culture as his/hers
h. consider himself/herself Hungarian
i. respect the customs of Hungarians
j. speak Hungarian in the family
Other………………………………………………………………………
8) In your opinion what are the three most important characteristics of the following?
Questioner, please hand over the Q7! Mark the appropriate code!
1. code / 2. code / 3. code / Doesn’t know/ doesn’t answerRomanians
Hungarians from Romania
Gypsies in Romania
Germans in Romania
Jews in Romania
A1. Decent / A2. Selfish
B1. Open / B2. Hostile
C1. Intelligent / C2. Stupid
D1. Hard-working / D2. Lazy
E1. Enterprising spirit / E2. Negligent
F1. Reliable / F2. Double-faced
G1. Humble / G2. Arrogant
H1. Honest / H2 Thief
I2. Unite / I2. Pull aside
J1. Religious / J2. Superstitious
K1. Civilized / K2. Undeveloped
L1. Clean / L2. Dirty
9) To what extent do you agree with the following statements?
All the questions need to be asked!
Totally agree / Rather agree / Rather disagree / Totally disagree / Doesn’t knowa. I’m rather Romanian citizen than to belong to any other country / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
b. the world would be a better place if the other country’s citizens would be like Romanians / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
c. the world would be a better place if the other country’s citizens would be like Hungarians living in Romania / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
d. people have to support their country even if he makes mistakes. / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
e. There are some things in Romania for which I have to ashamed to be a citizen. / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
10) To what extent do you agree?
Totally agree / Rather agree / Rather disagree / Totally disagree / Doesn’t knowa. the Romanian state should assures education in Hungarian at all levels / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
b. the Romanian state should support the Hungarian cultural associations / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
c. countyes with Hungarian majority need more support / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
d. Hungarians living in Romania should have Hungarian citizenship also / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
e. the Hungarian state should support Hungarian cultural associations in Romania / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
11) Establishing a Hungarian state university in Romania…
Show the q11 pack!
Has my unconditional support. / 1Has my support if it is a private university. / 2
Has my support if receives financing from the Hungarian state. / 3
Has my support if receives financing from the Romanian state. / 4
Has my support if receives Hungarian and Romanian state financing also / 5
I don’t support it all / 6
12) At what level do you speak Romanian, Hungarian, German…?
Question everyone regardless of nationality!
Romanian / Hungarian / German / GypsyMother tongue / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
I speak perfectly, although it is not my mother tongue / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2
I speak it very good, but with an accent / 3 / 3 / 3 / 3
I can make myself understood in the majority of cases / 4 / 4 / 4 / 4
I can make myself understood in some cases / 5 / 5 / 5 / 5
I know only a few words / 6 / 6 / 6 / 6
I don’t know any word / 7 / 7 / 7 / 7
Doesn’t answer / 8 / 8 / 8 / 8
13) How often do you speak Hungarian in the following situations?
Always / Frequently / From time to time / Never / Not valid/ DAa. at home / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
b. with friends / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
c. at work / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
d. at shopping / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
e. at doctor / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
f. with the police / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
g. at mayor’s office / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
14) How often do you speak Romanian in the following situations?
Always / Frequently / From time to time / Never / Not valid/ DAa. at home / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
b. with friends / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
c. at work / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
d. at shopping / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
e. at doctor / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
f. with the police / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
g. at mayor’s office / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
15) In what language have you completed your studies?
Each line separately!
Hungarian / Romanian / Mixed / Other / Not applicablea. elementary (1-4 classes) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
b. secondary school (5-8 classes) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
c. 9-10 classes / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
d. 11-12 classes / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
e. college / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
f. university / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
16) To what extend do you agree with the following?
Totally agree / Rather agree / Rather disagree / Totally disagree / Doesn’t knowa. it bothers me if I hear Romanian speech next to me / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
b. being in the company of Romanians it is impolite that Hungarians speak in Hungarian, regardless of topic / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
c. those Romanians who learned Hungarian to speak with others did very good / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
d. those Romanians who live in a Hungarian majority settlement should know Hungarian / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
e. there are many Hungarians who know Romanian but don’t want to speak it / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
17) Please choose which pair is more sympathetic to you!
Questioner show the q17 pack and ask each pair separately!
A / 1. Romanian / B / 3. Rroma /gypsy / C / 4. German2. Hungarian / 2. Hungarian / 1. Romanian
D / 2. Hungarian / E / 1. Romanian / F / 4. German
4. German / 3. Rroma/gypsy / 3. Rroma/gypsy
18) And which one would you accept as boss, employer…..?
A / 1. Romanian / B / 3. Rroma /gypsy / C / 4. German2. Hungarian / 2. Hungarian / 1. Romanian
D / 2. Hungarian / E / 1. Romanian / F / 4. German
4. German / 3. Rroma/gypsy / 3. Rroma/gypsy
19) And which one would you accept as colleague…..?
A / 1. Romanian / B / 3. Rroma /gypsy / C / 4. German2. Hungarian / 2. Hungarian / 1. Romanian
D / 2. Hungarian / E / 1. Romanian / F / 4. German
4. German / 3. Rroma/gypsy / 3. Rroma/gypsy
20) At a party who would you like to sit at a table with?
A / 1. Romanian / B / 3. Rroma /gypsy / C / 4. German2. Hungarian / 2. Hungarian / 1. Romanian
D / 2. Hungarian / E / 1. Romanian / F / 4. German
4. German / 3. Rroma/gypsy / 3. Rroma/gypsy
21) Who would you accept as a husband/wife of your children?
A / 1. Romanian / B / 3. Rroma /gypsy / C / 4. German2. Hungarian / 2. Hungarian / 1. Romanian
D / 2. Hungarian / E / 1. Romanian / F / 4. German
4. German / 3. Rroma/gypsy / 3. Rroma/gypsy
22) If you would need a blood transfusion and you could choose from who to receive blood who would you choose?
A / 1. Romanian / B / 3. Rroma /gypsy / C / 4. German2. Hungarian / 2. Hungarian / 1. Romanian
D / 2. Hungarian / E / 1. Romanian / F / 4. German
4. German / 3. Rroma/gypsy / 3. Rroma/gypsy
23) Which of the following is true for you?
Questioner! Read each line 4 times and substitute the actor to the appropriate.
0 = false1= true9= doesn’t answer
Romanian / Hungarian / Rroma / gypsy / Germana. I avoid the company of the actors
b. I know some actors by sight.
c. it happened to me to shop at a place where at the reception was a actor.
d. I have actor neighbors whom I seldom communicate
e. I have/had actor colleagues.
f. I have actors who I frequently visit at home
g. It happened that I asked an actor for help at different situations
h. I have actor relatives
i. I discuss my personal problems with an actor frequently
24) With which of the following do you agree?
Questioner! If the questioned agrees with something mark with 1, if not mark with 0!
Hungarian / German / Rroma / Jewa. I would not accept them in the country
b. I would accept them in the country but not in my county
c. I would accept them in the county but not in my settlement
d. they can live where they want as far as I am concerned
25) Do you think that Romanian-Hungarian relations got worse or better in the following periods?
Far better / Somewhat better / Didn’t change / Somewhat worse / Far worse / I can’t sayIn the past year / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
Before elections (1996) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
Before 1989 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
26) Regarding the Romanian-Hungarian relationship, which of the following are closer to reality?
The relationships are rather tense / 1We rather work together / 2
We don’t really consider the others. / 3
Other ……………………………...… / 4
I can’t say / 5
27) In your settlement how do you assert the relations between Hungarians and Romanians?
The relationships are rather tense / 1We rather work together / 2
We don’t really consider the others. / 3
Other ……………………………...… / 4
I can’t say / 5
28) In your settlement how much does one’s nationality count in getting a job? Does someone have advantage or disadvantage in belonging to one ethnicity?
They are in advantage / They are in disadvantage / Doesn’t matter the nationality / It is not applicable to the settlement / Doesn’t knowRomanians / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Hungarians / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Rroma / gypsy / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
29) In your settlement how much does one’s nationality count in being a successful entrepreneur? Does someone have advantage or disadvantage in belonging to one ethnicity?
They are in advantage / They are in disadvantage / Doesn’t matter the nationality / It is not applicable to the settlement / Doesn’t knowRomanians / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Hungarians / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Rroma / gypsy / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
30) In Romanian, regarding the average the above groups who are …. / First place / Second place
Wealthier?
More influential in the political sphere?
More esteemed?
Questioner! Please hand the q30 pack, and ask the questioned to choose the ethnicity in each situation. Mark with the corresponding code. Romanians (R ), Hungarians (M), Rroma/Gypsy (C), Germans (N), Jews (ZS).
31) In your opinion in Romania the minorities…..
1. don’t have enough rights
2. have too much rights
3. have just enough rights
32) To what extent do you expect the Hungarian state to…
Totally agree / Rather agree / Rather disagree / Totally disagree / Doesn’t knowProvide study stipends for the Hungarian students living in Romania / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Support the education in Hungarian language in Romania / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Guarantee Hungarian textbooks / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Support the Hungarian investments in Romania / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Strengthen the relationship with the Hungarian parties in Romania / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Guarantee the Hungarian citizenship for the Romanian Hungarians / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
33) Since the DAHR is in governing the situation of Hungarians …
1. improved;
2. is worse;
3. didn’t change;
4. can’t say
34) Do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
Only one answer is possible!
Regardless of who wins the elections the DAHR should remain in governing. / 1The DAHR should form coalition only if the partners are suitable / 2
The DAHR should NOT form a coalition under any condition / 3
The DAHR should not run in the following elections. / 4
The DAHR should get out of politics. / 5
35) What impact has the activity of the following parties on the relationship between the different nationalities.
Rather improves / Rather damages / No impact / Can’t sayCDR (Convention) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
PDSR (Iliescu) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
PRM (Vadim) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
PD (Petre Roman) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
APR (Meleşcanu) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
PUNR (Tabārā) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
RMDSZ / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
PNTCD (Peasant’s party) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
PNL (Liberal) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
36) Please name 3 persons, organizations, institutions whose activities improve the interethnic relations.
1 / 2 / 3……………………………... / …………………………………. / …………………………………
37) Please name 3 persons, organizations, institutions whose activities damage the interethnic relations.
1 / 2 / 3……………………………... / …………………………………. / …………………………………
38) In your opinion is it possible that Romania enters in armed conflict with some other country?
1. yes
2. no
Only those who chose YES.
39) If YES which counties do you foresee?
BulgariaRepublic of Moldova
Russia
Ukraine
Hungary
Serbia
Other country…………………….
40) Regarding the last 3 years how do you think that Romania developed relations with the above countries?
Rather improved / Rather damaged / No impact / Can’t sayBulgaria / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
Republic of Moldova / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
Russia / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
Ukraine / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
Hungary / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
Serbia / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
41) Regarding the next 3 years how do you think that Romania will develop relations with the above countries?
Rather improve / Rather damage / No impact / Can’t sayBulgaria / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
Republic of Moldova / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
Russia / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
Ukraine / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
Hungary / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
Serbia / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
42) Different opinions exist about the surrounding countries. With which of the above statements do you agree?
Totally agree / Rather agree / Rather disagree / Totally disagree / Doesn’t knowa. it is normal that the Hungarian state is concerned about Hungarians living outside its borders / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
b. Hungary will never renounce Transylvania / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
c. Hungary joining the NATO is an advantage for Romania too / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
d. those Hungarians who invest in Romania are drawn by political ambitions / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
43) You are aware that there are many Romanians living outside Romania’s borders. To what extent do you agree with the Romanian state’s above actions:
Totally agree / Rather agree / Rather disagree / Totally disagree / Doesn’t knowProvide study stipends for the Romanians / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Support the education in Romanian language / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Guarantee Romanian textbooks / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Support the Romanian investments in that country / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Strengthen the relationship with the Romanian parties in the country / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Guarantee the Romanian citizenship for them / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
44) Do you consider satisfactory and appropriate the following activities for improving interethnic relations in Romania?
Totally agree / Rather agree / Rather disagree / Totally disagree / Doesn’t knowa. Romanian and other nationalities should study together / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
b. those TV programs and publications with strong support for ethnic hatred should be banned / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
c. the settlements should have bigger autonomy / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
d. in those settlements where there is a large minority, some members of the police should be selected from that group / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
e. passing of a minority law / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
f. encouraging of interethnic marriages / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
g. offer the possibility to Romanian children to learn the language of minorities at school / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
45) In the last few years have you considered moving? Which is true for you from the above list?
I have made specific steps towards this / In the near future I will make specific steps / If I get an advantageous situation I move / I don’t wish to move / Doesn’t knowIn other nearby village (in case of a town to another district) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
To another settlement in the county / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
In other county in Transylvania / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
To other places in Romania, outside of the Carpathians / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Hungary / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Western Europe / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
To another continent outside Europe / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
46) In the past 12 months have you traveled?…
yes / no / DAOther settlement in the county / 1 / 2 / 3
Other Transylvanian county / 1 / 2 / 3
Other places in Romania / 1 / 2 / 3
Abroad / 1 / 2 / 3
47) If you think of the past 1 month what TV transmitter’s news have you been following?
Only one answer!
TVR1 / 1TVR2 / 2
PRO TV / 3
Antena1 / 4
Tele 7 ABC / 5
Prima TV / 6
Acasă / 7
The 1 channel of the / 8
TV2 (Hungarian) / 9
MSAT (Hungarian) / 10
RTL Klub (Hungarian) / 11
Duna TV (Hungarian) / 12
Foreign satellite / 13
Local cable / 14
Other ………………… / 15
Don’t watch TV/ not applicable / 16
48) If you think of the past 1 month what radio station’s news have you been following?
Only one answer!
Radio Romania Actualităţi / 1Territorial Romanian station (Cluj Napoca, Timisoara, Targu Mures etc.) / 2
Local Romanian station / 3
Radio Kossuth / 4
Radio Petõfi / 5
The Hungarian channel from Bucharest / 6
Territorial Hungarian station (Cluj Napoca, Timisoara, Targu Mures etc.) / 7
Local Hungarian station / 8
BBC / 9
Deutche Welle / 10
Free Europe / 11
America’s voice / 12
Other ………………… / 13
Don’t listen to news / Not applicable / 14
49) If you think of the past 1 month what newspaper have you read?
Questioner! Note the full name of the newspaper.
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
50) There are different ways to spend your free time. From the list above please choose which suits your activities in the past 3 months…
Show the q.50 pack.
Almost daily / 2-3 times a week / weekly / A few times a month / Monthly once / Once or twice / NeverWent on a trip / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Visited friends / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Went to a restaurant / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Watched TV / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Talked with friends, neighbors / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Went to theatre or concert / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Took care of the garden / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Went to aerobic or fitness lessons / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Listened to music / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Did some sports / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Just rest, besides the evening sleep / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Played a computer game / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Went to cinema / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Read something / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
Other:……………………… / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7
51) Are you a member of an organization or association?
- yes.
- no, but I used to be.
- no, never was.
Only from those who chose 1 or 2!.
52) What is the organization’s name?
…………………………………………………………………………….
The whole name!
53) How often do/did you attend the meetings of the organization?
daily / 1weekly / 2
Monthly or in 2 weeks / 3
A few times a year / 4
Once or twice in a year / 5
There are no meetings / 6
I don’t attend the meetings / 7
54) Do you agree or disagree with the following?
Show the q54. pack!
agree / disagree / NA1. the income differences should be decreased / 1 / 2 / 3
2. the price of the basic products should be decided by the state / 1 / 2 / 3
3. it is the duty of the state to provide work for each citizen / 1 / 2 / 3
4. crime can be stopped only with more severe actions / 1 / 2 / 3
5. the first thing which should be thought to a child is respect for the elderly / 1 / 2 / 3
6. teachers should work primarily with the talented children, and not the average / 1 / 2 / 3
7. the persons well being depends on the state / 1 / 2 / 3
8. you can’t really trust anyone but yourself. / 1 / 2 / 3
9. you can stand alone for your interests. / 1 / 2 / 3
10. there is need of a hard hand to regulate the state’s matters. / 1 / 2 / 3
11. strikes and demonstrations don’t resolve anything, they just cause uncertainty and disorder / 1 / 2 / 3
12. in the present situation unemployed people should accept any job offer / 1 / 2 / 3
55) Gender
female / 1male / 2
56) Age: ………….. years
57) Education (last graduated institution):
- didn’t attend school
- 4 or 6 classes
- secondary school (V-VIII classes)
- technical institute
- high school
- college
- university or above
58) Are you working at the present moment?
1 yes
2 no
59) If NO…
1 student
2 housewife
3 unemployed
4 pensioner
5 no job
those who are employed, but pensioners and unemployed also!
60) What is/was your occupation)?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
61) In what sphere do you work?
Don’t ask pensioners, unemployed or other inactive people
agriculture / 1industry / 2
Transport, telecommunication / 3
Trade, tourism / 4
Education, culture, research / 5
Public health / 6
administration / 7
other……………………………. / 8
Doesn’t answer / 9
62) In what sphere of activity are you working?