Test Questions in Text Form

Module 2 Biochemical bases of proliferation, intercellular connections and physiological functions of organs and tissues. Bases of pharmaceutical biochemistry

Test questions in text form

  1. 2, 4-Dioxypyrimidine is
  2. Thymine
  3. Cystosine
  4. * Uracil
  5. Guanine
  6. None of these

2.  A cofactor in the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotic acid, catalysed by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is

  1. FAD
  2. FMN
  3. * NAD
  4. NADP
  5. PLP
  6. A nucleoside consists of
  7. Nitrogenous base
  8. * Purine or pyrimidine base + sugar
  9. Purine or pyrimidine base + phosphorous
  10. Purine + pyrimidine base + sugar +Phosphorous
  11. All of these

4.  A substituted pyrimidine base of pharmacological value is

  1. 5-Iododeoxyuridine
  2. Cytisine arabinoside
  3. * 5-Fluorouracil
  4. All of these
  5. None of these

5.  A substrate for enzymes of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis is

  1. * Allopurinol
  2. Tetracylin
  3. Chloramphenicol
  4. Puromycin
  5. All of these
  6. Adenine is
  7. * 6-Amino purine
  8. 2-Amino-6-oxypurine
  9. 2-Oxy-4-aminopyrimidine
  10. 2, 4-Dioxypyrimidine
  11. None of these

7.  All following are naturally occurring nucleotides except

  1. Cyclic AMP
  2. ATP
  3. * DNA
  4. Inosine monophosphate
  5. GTP

8.  All of the following can occur in Lesch-Nyhan syndrome except

  1. Gouty arthritis
  2. Uric acid stones
  3. * Retarted growth
  4. Self-mutiliating behaviour
  5. Both a and B

9.  All of the following occur in orotic aciduria except

  1. * Increased synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides

B.  Increased excretion of orotic acid in urine

  1. Decreased synthesis of cytidine triphosphate
  2. Retardation of growth
  3. None of these

10.  All of the following statements about allopurinol are true except

A.  * It is a structural analogue of uric acid

B.  It can prevent uric acid stones in the kidneys

C.  It increases the urinary excretion of xanthine and hypoxanthine

D.  It is a competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase

  1. Both a and B

11.  All of the following statements about primary gout are true except

A.  Uric acid stones may be formed in kidneys

B.  Arthritis of small joints occurs commonly

C.  * Urinary excretion of uric acid is decreased

  1. It occurs predominantly in males
  2. Both C and D

12.  All of the following statements about thioredoxin reductase are true except:

A.  * It requires NADH as a coenzyme

B.  Its substrates are ADP, GDP, CDP and UDP

  1. It is activated by ATP
  2. It is inhibited by dADP
  3. Both A and C

13.  All the enzymes required for de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides are cytosolic except

  1. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
  2. Aspartate transcarbamoylase
  3. Dihydro-orotase
  4. * Dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase
  5. Both C and D

14.  Amethopterin and aminopterin decrease the synthesis of

  1. * TMP
  2. UMP
  3. CMP
  4. All of these
  5. Both A and B

15.  An autosomal recessive disorder, xanthinuria is due to deficiency of the enzymes:

  1. Adenosine deaminase
  2. * Xanthine oxidase
  3. HGPRTase
  4. Transaminase
  5. Xanthine reductase

16.  An enzyme of pyrimidine nucleotides biosynthesis regulated at the genetic level by apparently coordinate repression and derepression is

  1. * Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
  2. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase
  3. Thymidine kinase
  4. Deoxycytidine kinase
  5. Carbamoyl phosphatase

17.  Aspartate amino transferase uses the following for transamination:

  1. Glutamic acid and pyruvic acid
  2. * Glutamic acid and oxaloacetic acid
  3. Aspartic acid and pyruvic acid

D.  aspartic acid and keto adipic acid

  1. None of these

18.  Aspartate contributes the following carbon atoms of the pyrimidine nucelus:

  1. C2 and C4
  2. C5 and C6
  3. C2, C4 and C6
  4. * C4, C5 and C6
  5. C4 and C5
  6. Aspartate transcarbamoylase is inhibited by
  7. * CTP
  8. PRPP
  9. ATP
  10. TMP
  11. AMP

20.  Complete absence of hypoxanthine guanine phospharibosyl transferase causes

  1. Primary gout
  2. Immunodeficiency
  3. Uric acid stones
  4. * Lesh-Nyhan syndrome
  5. All of these

21.  5 year old sick boy whith Lesch-Nyhan syndrome suffers from hyperuricemia and gout, caused by accumulation:

  1. * Hypoxanthine
  2. Adenine and guanine
  3. Cytosine and uracil
  4. Thymine
  5. Hypoxanthine and adenine
  6. Excessive consumption of purine rich products by the 46 year old patient caused alimentary hyperuricemia. These products are:
  7. Coffee, tea
  8. Liver
  9. Meat, especially young bird meat
  10. East
  11. * all above correct

23.  For treatment of gout was prescribed allopurinol, which is the competitive inhibitor of enzyme:

  1. Inosinekinase
  2. * Xanthinoxsidase
  3. Transformilase
  4. Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
  5. Ribonucleotidecarboxidase
  6. In the chemotherapy of tumor inhibitors of nucleotides synthesis are used. They are the followings substanses except:
  7. 5-ftoruracil
  8. * Cocarboxylase
  9. 5-ftordeoxyuridin
  10. Aminopterin
  11. Pteroylglutaminate

25.  Malignant cells have high speed of proliferation, therefore for treatment of oncology diseases used:

  1. Inhibitors of trypsin
  2. Inhibitors of cytochrome oxidase
  3. * Inhibitors of nucleotides synthesis
  4. Inhibitors of proteins biosynthesis
  5. Activators of proteolytic enzymes

26.  Medicine, which is used for treatment of gout is the structural analogue of hypoxanthine, it:

  1. Salts of lithium
  2. Anturan
  3. * Allopyrinol
  4. Uridine
  5. Acetilisoniazid
  6. ?Prof. I.Horbachevskiy offered and grounded the theory of biosynthesis of uric acid in the organism of mammals. Choose precursor of uric acid:
  7. Urea and proteins
  8. Proteins and nucleic acids
  9. Lipids and nucleic acids
  10. Glycoproteins and fatty acids

E.  * Nucleic acids at the degradation of nucleincontaining cells

28.  Prof. I.Horbachevskiy’s investigations about purine metabolism are widely known in the world. Why I. Gorbachevskiy was not awarded with the Nobel prize:

  1. Nobel prize was not yet
  2. Gorbachevskiy was not nominated

C.  He lived in Czekh republic, and the synthesis of uric acid was carried out in Austria

D.  The scientific world did not estimate the role of I.Horbachevskiy’s investigations for the future of medicine and biology

  1. * all above correct

29.  Syndrome of Lesch-Nyhan – hard hyperuricemia is the genetic deficiency of such enzyme:

  1. Xantine oxidase
  2. Adenosine deaminase
  3. Hypoxanthine oxidase
  4. Phosphorylase
  5. * Hypoxanthine – guanine phosphoribosyltransferase

30.  The 3 year old child suffers from orotic acid aciduria. Orotaciduriya is accompanied the followings symptoms:

A.  Dermatitis of the opened areas of body

  1. Bleeding, disorders of growth
  2. Disorders of mental development, galactosemia

D.  * Disorders of physical and mental development, megaloblastic anemia

  1. Diarrhea, dermatitis, demention

31.  The 45 year old patient suffers from gout. Symptoms of gout are heavy pain syndrome and inflammation, caused deposition in joints, cartilages and other tissues:

  1. Oxalates
  2. Gomogentizic acid
  3. Orotates
  4. Phosphates
  5. * Urates

32.  The 5 year old child suffers from orotic acid aciduria. Deficiency of which of below mentioned enzyme causes orotaciduria?

  1. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase ІІ
  2. Aspartate carbamoyl transferase
  3. * Orotate phosphoribosyl transferase
  4. Orotate carboxylase
  5. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase

33.  The 5 year old child suffers from physical and mental underdevelopment, megaloblastic anemia. It was diagnozed orotic acid aciduria. Orotic aciduria type I reflects the deficiency of enzymes:

A.  * Orotate phosphoribosyl transferase and orotidylate decarboxylase

  1. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase
  2. Dihydroorotase
  3. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
  4. Xanthine oxidase

34.  The 50 year old patient suffers from hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia is increase of uric acid level more than:

  1. * 0,5 mmol/l
  2. 0,1 mmol/l
  3. 10 mmol/l
  4. 1 mmol/l
  5. 2 mmol/l

35.  The 55 year old male suffers from hyperuricemia. Hyperuricuria is observed at all of diseases which are accompanied the increased disintegration:

  1. Glycoproteins
  2. Phosphoproteins
  3. * Nucleoproteins
  4. Lipoproteins
  5. Chromoproteins

36.  The 56 year old patient suffers from hyperuricemia. Uric acid is the product of disintegration of purine nucleotides, in composition of which are the following nitrogenous bases:

  1. Adenine or thymine
  2. Thymine or uracil
  3. Guanine or cytosine
  4. * Adenine or guanine
  5. Cytosine or uracil

37.  The 6 year old boy suffers from Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, the sex linked, recessive absence of HGPRTase, may lead to

A.  * Compulsive self destructive behaviour with elevated levels of urate in serum

  1. Hypouricemia due to liver damage

C.  Failure to thrive and megaloblastic anemia

  1. Protein intolerance and hepatic encephalopathy
  2. Both A and D

38.  The 6 year old child suffers from physical and mental underdevelopment, megaloblastic anemia. It was diagnozed orotic acid aciduria. Biochemical index, which characterizes the genetic disorder of UMP biosynthesis is following:

  1. Aspartataciduria
  2. * Orotaciduria
  3. Gomogentisinuria
  4. Uraciluria
  5. Cytosinuria

39.  The 6 year old child suffers from physical and mental underdevelopment, megaloblastic anemia. It was diagnozed orotic acid aciduria. To prevent formation of orotic acid excess it is possible the use:

  1. Adenine
  2. Thymine
  3. Guanine
  4. * Uridine
  5. Aspartate

40.  Uric acid is the end product of purine as well as protein catabolism in

  1. Man
  2. Fish
  3. * Birds
  4. All of these
  5. None of these

41.  Usage in the metabolic reactions of free hypoxanthine and guanine („salvage pathway”) catalyses enzyme:

  1. Xanthine oxidase
  2. Phosphorylase
  3. * Hypoxanthine – guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
  4. Hypoxanthine oxidase
  5. Guanosine deaminase

42.  What is a way of synthesis of pentoses from glucose metabolites?

  1. Glycolysis
  2. Gluconeogenesis
  3. Pentose Phosphate Pathway
  4. Krebs’s cycle
  5. Cory cycle

43.  What is the main pathway for providing of human organism with nitrogenous bases for formation of nucleotides and nucleic acids:

  1. Citrate cycle
  2. Ornithine cycle

C.  * Synthesis of purine and pyrimidine bases

  1. Synthesis of fatty acids
  2. Disintegration of glycogen
  3. What prevents hyperuricemia:
  4. Disorders of urinary acid excretion
  5. Disintegration of DNK
  6. Radiation defeat of cell
  7. Toxemia of pregnancy

E.  Application of structural analogue of hypoxanthine

45.  Where in a cell is located synthesis of pyrimidine bases?

  1. Nucleus
  2. * Cytoplasm
  3. Mitochondria
  4. Microtome
  5. Endoplasmic reticulum

46.  Where nucleic acids hydrolysis takes place?

  1. In liver
  2. In stomach
  3. In small intestine
  4. In a pancreas
  5. In muscles

47.  Which medicine is used to increase solubility of urates - salts of uric acid for patients with gout:

  1. Allopurinol
  2. Chenodesoxycholic acid
  3. Cholic acid and Allopyrinol
  4. * Salts of lithium and anturan
  5. Solutin of NaCl

48.  Which of following nucleotides are purine:

  1. AMP and TMP
  2. * AMP and GMP
  3. AMP and UMP
  4. UMP and TMP
  5. CMP and GMP

49.  Which of the following amino acids produce a vasoconstrictor on decarboxylation?

  1. Histidine
  2. * Tyrosine
  3. Threonine
  4. Arginine
  5. All of these

50.  Which of the following is absent in the structure of mononucleotides?

  1. Nitrogenous base
  2. Ribose
  3. Desoxyribose
  4. * Nitric acid
  5. Phosphoric acid

51.  Which of the following reaction does not include into purine nucleotides disintegration:

A.  Splitting of phosphate group with formation of adenosine and guanosine

  1. Deamination

C.  Splitting of D-ribose from nucleotides

D.  * Degradation of alanine to CO2 and N2O

E.  Catabolism of hypoxanthine or xanthine with formation of uric acid

52.  Which one of the following contributes nitrogen atoms to both purine and pyrimidine rings?

  1. * Aspartate
  2. Carbanoyl phosphate
  3. Carbondioxide
  4. Tetrahydrofolate
  5. Ammonia

53.  Which products can be used at gout and hyperuricemia:

  1. Liver, fish
  2. Meat, yeasts
  3. Milk, cheese, eggs
  4. Coffee, tea
  5. Meat, liver

54.  Which substance causes the decrease of level of uric acid in blood and urine:

  1. Antimycin
  2. Аminopterin
  3. Barbiturates
  4. * Allopurinol
  5. AMP

55.  Which substance gives only one nitrogen atom for purine ring:

  1. alanine
  2. glutamine
  3. * aspartate
  4. methenil-THF
  5. formyl -THF

56.  Which substance is formed at 11th reaction of synthesis of purine nucleotides:

  1. Adenylate
  2. Uric acid
  3. * Inosine monophosphate
  4. Hypoxanthine
  5. Xanthine

57.  Which substance is precursor of ? –alanine in the reactions of pyrimidine bases transformation:

  1. Thymine
  2. * Uracil
  3. Cytosine
  4. Adenine
  5. Guanine

58.  Which substance is the source of ribose and desoxyribose in purine and pyrimidine nucleotides?

  1. * Glucose
  2. Cholesterol
  3. Vitamin С
  4. Vitamin D
  5. Arabinose

59.  Which substance is utilized in xanthineoxidase’s reactions as oxidant and reduses to N2O2:

  1. N2O
  2. * O2
  3. HNO3
  4. HCO3
  5. Cu(OH)2

60.  Which substanse does not take part in the biosynthesis of purine nucleotides?

  1. Glycine
  2. Tetragidrofolat
  3. Arginine
  4. Aspartate
  5. Glutamine

61.  Which substrate donates 2 carbon atoms for the biosynthesis of purine simultaneously for it’s pyrimidine and imidazole rings:

  1. glutamine
  2. * glycine
  3. aspartate
  4. methionine
  5. CO2

62.  Which substrates take part in the second reaction of formation of purine:

  1. Fructosepyrophosphate + glycine
  2. Ribosopyrophosphate + glycine
  3. * Phosphoribosepyrophosphate + glutamine
  4. Ribose-5-phosphate + glycine
  5. Pyrimidine + diazole

63.  Which vitamin donates 2 carbon atoms for the biosynthesis of purine?

  1. Vitamin B1
  2. Vitamin B6
  3. Ascorbic acid
  4. Vitamin Н
  5. * Vitamin B10

64.  Who synthesized uric acid artificially from glycine and urea in 1882:

  1. German scientist Veller
  2. German scientist Fisher
  3. Polish-Russian scientist Nenskiy
  4. Austrian physiologist Maresh
  5. * Ukrainian scientist I. Horbachevskiy

65.  Why constant excessive consumption of meat and glandular tissues for some people causes hyperuricemia and formation of kidney’s stones:

A.  these products reduce solubility of uric acid

  1. decrease excretion of urates

C.  effect on a genetic apparatus, stimulating the biosynthesis of purine nucleotides

D.  * contain a lot of nucleoproteins and nucleotides, which catabolism is accompanied with formation of uric acid

E.  stimulate transformation of urea to uric acid

66.  Why the constant excessive consumption of coffee and tea can cause hyperuricemia and appearance of kidney’s stones:

A.  components of coffee decrease solubility of uric acid in blood

B.  components can stimulate formation of uric acid

C.  coffee and tea do not effect on formation of uric acid

D.  it is possible at the simultaneously excessive consumption of meat

E.  * the excessive consumption of coffee and tea can activate the enzyme demethilase, which leads to hyperuricemia

67.  Xanthineoksidase is FAD-depending enzyme, flavoprotein which contains such ions:

  1. * Fe and Mo
  2. Fe and Cu
  3. Zn and Mo
  4. Mg and Cu
  5. Zn and Fe

68.  Xanthosine monophosphate is an intermediate during de novo synthesis of

  1. TMP
  2. CMP
  3. AMP
  4. * GMP
  5. All of these

69.  Which of the following is not an essential attribute that a biological molecule would need to be a useful genetic material?

A.  * It must carry all of the information needed to direct the specific organization and metabolic activities of the cell

B.  It must replicate accurately so that the information it contains is precisely inherited by the daughter cells

C.  It must be capable of undergoing occasional mutations, such that the information it carries is altered in a heritable way

D.  It must have highly repetitive DNA sequences.

E.  All are essential attributes of useful genetic material.

70.  ____ regulate which genes or subsets of genes are transcribed in a particular cell type.

  1. * Transcription factors
  2. Chaperone proteins
  3. RNA polymerases
  4. Transcription is not regulated
  5. All of the above

71.  ______join DNA fragments to the lagging strand.

  1. A.Telomeres
  2. Centromeres
  3. Helicase
  4. * Ligases
  5. Antiparallel strands

72.  A DNA strand with the sequence AACGTAACG is transcribed. What is the sequence of the mRNA molecule synthesized?

  1. AACGTAACG
  2. UUGCAUUGC
  3. AACGUAACG
  4. * TTGCATTGC
  5. None of the above

73.  A molecule of DNA is a polymer composed of

  1. Glucose
  2. Amino acids
  3. Fatty acids
  4. * Nucleotides
  5. Vitamins

74.  A reaction of the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids in the process of translation is catalyzed by:

  1. * Peptydyltransferase
  2. Aminoacylsynthetase
  3. Peptidylligase
  4. Peptidase
  5. Peptydylhydrolase

75.  According to Chargaff's rule, the following proportion exists in DNA

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