Table S1 Error matrix of classification (2005-09-15)

W / O / F / B / F / Sum / UA(%)
W / 24 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 24 / 100
O / 0 / 19 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 20 / 95
F / 0 / 7 / 49 / 5 / 5 / 66 / 74
B / 0 / 0 / 0 / 52 / 19 / 71 / 73
F / 6 / 4 / 10 / 3 / 36 / 59 / 61
Sum / 30 / 30 / 60 / 60 / 60 / 240
PA
(%) / 80 / 63 / 82 / 87 / 60 / Kappa = 0.72

Note:

1. The data in each column are the result of classification and the data in each row are the corresponding reference situation.

2. F(farm land), B(barren land), W(water shed), F(forest), O(orchard).

3. UA(user accuracy), PA(producer accuracy)

Table S2 Variable test

Independent variable / Coefficient B / Wald / Degree of freedom / Exp(B)
E1 / 2.338 / 151.894 / 1 / 10.361
E2 / -0.558 / 8.356 / 1 / 0.572
E3 / 1.064 / 62.783 / 1 / 2.897
E4 / 0.702 / 44.774 / 1 / 2.018
E5 / 0.857 / 65.717 / 1 / 2.356
E7 / -0.374 / 3.299 / 1 / 0.688
E9 / 0.333 / 7.485 / 1 / 1.395
constant / -2.974 / 66.280 / 1 / 0.051

Table S3 Conditions for the estimation of the damage probability due to spatial impact on areas in each village

Village / Landmark / Building / Road / Bridge
structure / floor / window / structure / heap
Linjung / Community Center / RC / 1 / 62 / passable / － / －
Nanping / Nanping Station / RC / 1 / 21 / good / － / －
Fongren / Fongren Elementary School / RC / 3 / 170 / good / － / －
Fonghsin / Fonglin
Health Center / RC / 2 / 27 / good / － / －
Fongchih / Fonglin Station / RC / 1 / 14 / good / － / －
Fongli / Fongjung Frmers’ Association / RC / 3 / 21 / good / － / －
Senjung / Lientien Forestry Cutural Park / brick / 2 / 9 / passable / － / －
Fongyi / Red Gable / brick / 2 / 177 / passable / － / －
Dajung / Bridge Lientien / － / － / － / passable / RC / near pier and dike
Shanhsing / Bridge Jianying / － / － / － / passable / RC / near pier and dike
Beilin / Bridge Beilin / － / － / － / passable / RC / near pier and dike
Changchyau / Bridge Fataan / － / － / － / passable / RC / near pier and dike

Table S4 Damage probability due to spatial impact on areas selected from each village

Village / Landmark / Building damage probability / Road
damage probability / Bridge damage probability / Spatial impact probability
structure / floor / window / structure / mound
Linjung / Community Center / 0.25 / 1 / 0.531 / 0.5 / － / － / 0.133
Nanping / Nanping Station / 0.25 / 1 / 0.344 / 0.25 / － / － / 0.086
Fongren / Fongren Elementary School / 0.25 / 0.7 / 1 / 0.25 / － / － / 0.175
Fonghsin / Fonglin
Health Center / 0.25 / 0.85 / 0.344 / 0.25 / － / － / 0.073
Fongchih / Fonglin Station / 0.25 / 1 / 0.25 / 0.25 / － / － / 0.063
Fongli / Fongjung Frmers’ Association / 0.25 / 0.7 / 0.344 / 0.25 / － / － / 0.060
Senjung / Lientien Forestry Cutural Park / 0.5 / 0.85 / 0.25 / 0.5 / － / － / 0.106
Fongyi / Red Gable / 0.5 / 0.85 / 1 / 0.5 / － / － / 0.425
Dajung / Bridge Lientien / － / － / － / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1 / 0.25
Shanhsing / Bridge Jianying / － / － / － / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1 / 0.25
Beilin / Bridge Beilin / － / － / － / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1 / 0.25
Changchyau / Bridge Fataan / － / － / － / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1 / 0.25

Table S5 Conditions for the estimation of the damage probability due to temporal impact on areas in each village

Village / Landmark / Building / Road and bridge / Traffic
stay period / access road / level / limit
(km/hr) / volumn
(car/day)
Linjung / Community Center / 8 hours or less / Yungan street / country road / 40 / 480 / private vehicle
Nanping / Nanping Station / 16~24 hours / Route 9 / provincial road / 60 / 10656 / private vehicle
Fongren / Fongren Elementary School / 8 hours or less / Kuangfu road / country road / 40 / 480 / private vehicle
Fonghsin / Fonglin
Health Center / 8 hours or less / Chunghwa road / country road / 40 / 2000 / private vehicle
Fongchih / Fonglin Station / 16~24 hours / Chungshan road / country road / 40 / 2000 / private vehicle
Fongli / Fongjung Frmers’ Association / 8 hours or less / Kuangfu road / country road / 40 / 2000 / private vehicle
Senjung / Lientien Forestry Cutural Park / 8 hours or less / Route 16 / provincial road / 60 / 2400 / private vehicle
Fongyi / Red Gable / 8～16 hours / Shuiyuan road / country road / 40 / 960 / private vehicle
Dajung / Bridge Lientien / － / Fuhsing road / country road / 40 / 480 / private vehicle
Shanhsing / Bridge Jianying / － / Route 195 / county road / 40 / 1000 / private vehicle
Beilin / Bridge Beilin / － / Fuhsing road / country road / 40 / 480 / private vehicle
Changchyau / Bridge Fataan / － / Route 9 / provincial road / 60 / 10656 / private vehicle

Table S6 Damage probability due to temporal impact of areas selected from each village

Village / Landmark / Temporal impact probability
Building / Road and bridge
Linjung / Community Center / 0.33 / －
Nanping / Nanping Station / 1 / －
Fongren / Fongren Elementary School / 0.33 / －
Fonghsin / Fonglin
Health Center / 0.33 / －
Fongchih / Fonglin Station / 1 / －
Fongli / Fongjung Frmers’ Association / 0.33 / －
Senjung / Lientien Forestry Cutural Park / 0.33 / －
Fongyi / Red Gable / 0.67 / －
Dajung / Bridge Lientien / － / 0.05
Shanhsing / Bridge Jianying / － / 0.104167
Beilin / Bridge Beilin / － / 0.05
Changchyau / Bridge Fataan / － / 0.74

Table S7. Conditions for the estimation of vulnerability, according to historical data

Village / Historical disasters / Probability of vulnerability
type / scenario
Linjung / flood / Security utilities were buried. / 0.8
Nanping / debris flow / Buildings were destroyed by debris flow and security utilities were buried. / 1
Fongren / flood / Security utilities were not buried. / 0.1
Fonghsin / debris flow / Security utilities were not buried. / 0.1
Fongchih / flood / Security utilities were not buried. / 0.1
Fongli / flood / Security utilities were not buried. / 0.1
Senjung / collapse / Buildings were destroyed by debris flow and security utilities were not buried. / 0.2
Fongyi / collapse, debris flow / Buildings were destroyed by debris flow and security utilities were buried. / 1
Dajung / flood / Security utilities were not buried. / 0.1
Shanhsing / debris flow / Buildings were destroyed by debris flow and security utilities were buried. / 1
Beilin / debris flow / Security utilities were not buried. / 0.1
Changchyau / flood / Security utilities were not buried. / 0.1

Table S8. Scores for disaster preparedness and corresponding probability of disaster resistance for areas in each village

Village / Score for disaster preparedness / Probability of disaster resistance
Linjung / 95 / 0.525
Nanping / 40 / 0.8
Fongren / 110 / 0.45
Fonghsin / 80 / 0.6
Fongchih / 115 / 0.425
Fongli / 120 / 0.4
Senjung / 100 / 0.5
Fongyi / 100 / 0.5
Dajung / 105 / 0.475
Shanhsing / 75 / 0.625
Beilin / 95 / 0.525
Changchyau / 65 / 0.675