Table E1: Participating centers and investigators
Australia: Intensive Care Unit, Austin and Repatriation Medical Center (Hiroshi Morimatsu, Rinaldo Bellomo), Department of Intensive Care, Western Hospital (Craig French), Intensive Care Unit, Epworth Foundation (John Mulder), Department of Intensive Care, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (Mary Pinder, Brigit Roberts), Intensive Care, Frankston Hospital (John Botha, Pradeen Mudholkar), Critical Care Unit, Flinders Medical Centre (Andrew Holt, Tamara Hunt), Belgium: Service de Soins Intensifs, Clinique Saint-Pierre (Patrick Maurice Honoré, Gaetan Clerbaux), Dienst Intensieve Geneeskunde, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gasthuisberg (Miet Maria Schetz, Alexander Wilmer), Czech Republic: ICU, Dept. of Internal Medicine I, Charles University Hospital Plzen (Richard Rokyta, Ales Krouzecky), Germany: Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Charité, CCM (Stanislao Morgera, Hans-Hellmut Neumayer), Klinik für Anaesthesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Duesseldorf (Kindgen-Milles Detlef, Eckhard Mueller), Greece: Intensive Care Unit, General Regional Hospital, "G. Papanikolau" (Vicky Tsiora, Kostas Sombolos), Netherlands: Intensive Care Unit, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (Helena Maria Oudemans-Van Straaten), Adult Intensive Care Unit, Academic Medical Center (Catherine S.C. Bouman, Anne-Cornelie J.M. de Pont), Israel: Intermediate Intensive Care Unit, Rambam Medical Center (Yaron Bar-Lavie, Farid Nakhoul), Italy: Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Cliniche Humanitas-Gavazzeni (Roberto Ceriani, Franco Bortone), Nephrology - Intensive Care, St. Bortolo Hospital (Claudio Ronco, Nereo Zamperetti), Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione Servizio di Anestesia e Rianimazione per la Cardiochirurgia, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS Università Vita e Salute (Federico Pappalardo, Giovanni Marino), Unità Operativa di Rianimazione, Ospedale Vittorio Emanuele (Prospero Calabrese, Francesco Monaco), Anestesia e Rianimazione, City Hospital of Sesto San Giovanni (Chiara Liverani, Stefano Clementi), Intensive Care Unit, Surgical and Medical Emergencies Institute (Rosanna Coltrinari, Benedetto Marini), Norway: Dep of Anaesthesia, Rikshospitalet (Jan Frederik Bugge, Fridtjov Riddervold), Department of Anaestesiology, University and regional hospital in tromsø (Paul Åge Nilsen, Joar Julsrud), Portugal: Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos (ICU) , Hospital de Curry Cabral (Fernando Teixeira e Costa, Paulo Marcelino), Unidade De Cuidados Intensivos Polivalente, Hospital Fernando Fonseca (Isabel Maria Serra), Russia: Unit for extracorporeal blood purification, Bakoulev Scientific Center for cardiovascular surgery (Mike Yaroustovsky, Rachik Grigoriyanc), Spain: Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Department, Hospital Comarcal De Vinaros (Ferran Barrachina, Julio Llorens), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Section of Severe Trauma, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre" (Jose Angel Sanchez-Izquierdo-Riera, Darío Toral-Vazquez), Sweden: Dep. of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Sunderby Hospital (Ivar Wizelius, Dan Hermansson), Switzerland: Departement of Surgery, Surgery intensive care unit and Departement of medicine, Medical intensive care unit, University Hospital Zürich (Tomislav Gaspert, Marco Maggiorini), UK: Center for Nephrology, Royal Free Hospital (Andrew Davenport), Canada: Intensive care, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital (Martine Leblanc, Lynne Senécal), Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton (R.T. Noel Gibney, Curtis Johnston, Peter Brindley), USA: Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (Ramesh Venkataraman, John A. Kellum), Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, The University of Chicago (Patrick Murray, Sharon Trevino), Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Mount Sinai Medical Center (Ernest Benjamin, Jerry Hufanda), Nephrology & Hypertension - M82, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation (Emil Paganini), Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham (Ashita Tolwani, David Warnock), Internal Medicine/Nephrology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (Nabil Guirguis), Brazil: Nephrology Division, University of São Paulo School of Medicine (Luis Yu, Ettiene V. Macedo), Nephrology Division, do Hospital Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo (Sandra Maria RodriquesLaranja, Cassio José Rodrigues), Nephrology Unit, Casa de Saúde São José/CDR Serviços Hospitalares (José Hermógenes Rocco Suassuna, Frederico Ruzany), Lutheran University of Brasil (Bruno Campos, Jayme Burmeister), Uruguay: Dpt. of Critical Care Medicine, Impasa (Raúl Lombardi, Teresita Llopart), China: Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anaesthesia, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital (Ian K.S. Tan), Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital (Hui De Chen, Li Wan), Indonesia: ICU, National Cardiovascular Center and Mitra Keluarga Hospital (Iqbal Mustafa, Iwayan Suranadi), Japan: Intensive Care Center, Teikyo University School of Medicine Ichihara Hospital (Nobuo Fuke, Masaaki Miyazawa), Intensive Care Unit, Okayama University Hospital (Hiroshi Katayama, Toshiaki Kurasako), Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University (Hiroyuki Hirasawa, Shigeto Oda), Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital (Koichi Tanigawa, Keiichi Tanaka), Singapore: Medicine Dept, National University of Singapore (Kang Hoe Lee), Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Tan Tock Seng Hospital (Shi Loo, Kulgit Singh).
Table E3: Diagnostic groupings of patients treated with CRRT
Medical admission / 550/1006 (54.7%)Cardiovascular / 101/1006 (10.0%)
Respiratory / 104/1006 (10.3%)
Gastrointestinal / 105/1006 (10.4%)
Neurological / 14/1006 (1.4%)
Sepsis / 111/1006 (11.0%)
Trauma / 20/1006 (2.0%)
Metabolic / 32/1006 (3.2%)
Hematologic / 50/1006 (5.0%)
Renal / 13/1006 (1.3%)
Surgical admission / 456/1006 (45.3%)
Cardiovascular / 268/1006 (26.6%)
Respiratory / 18/1006 (1.8%)
Gastrointestinal / 124/1006 (12.3%)
Neurological / 4/1006 (0.4%)
Trauma / 27/1006 (2.7%)
Renal / 10/1006 (1.0%)
Gynecologic / 1/1006 (0.1%)
Orthopedic / 4/1006 (0.4%)
Table E4: Physiological and laboratoryvariables at the beginning of CRRT
Physiological variablesHeart rate (/min) / 99 (85 - 115)
Respiratory rate (/min) / 18 (15 - 22)
MAP (mmHg) / 74 (65 - 84)
CVP (mmHg) / 14 (11 - 18)
PA catheter usage / 307/1006 (30.5%)
Glasgow coma score / 14 (10 - 15)
Mechanical ventilation / 841/1000 (84.1%)
Vasopressors/Inotropes / 788/1000 (78.8%)
Urine output (ml/6hrs) / 100 (23 - 280)
Furosemide(mg/6hrs) / 60 (0 - 200)
Laboratory variables
WCC (*103/µL) / 13.6 (9.0 - 20.0)
Platelet count (*103/µL) / 119 (63 - 196)
Creatinine (µmol/L) / 292 (192 - 427)
Bilirubin (mmol/L) / 20 (12 - 49)
Sodium (mmol/L) / 139 (134 - 143)
Potassium (mmol/L) / 4.6 (4.1 - 5.2)
pH / 7.32 (7.23 - 7.39)
PaO2/FiO2 ratio / 210 (142 - 302)
MAP: mean arterial pressure, CVP: central venous pressure, PA: pulmonary artery, WCC: white cell count
Table E5: Body weight, blood flow rate and treatment dose according to country
N / Weight(Kg) / QB
(ml/min) / QB/Weight
(ml/kg /min) / Treatment dose
(ml/hr) / Dose-C
(ml/kg /hr)
All patients / 1006 / 75 (65 - 85) / 150 (120 - 180) / 1.96 (1.56 - 2.40) / 2000 (1200 - 2100) / 20.4 (15.3 - 27.7)
Australia / 195 / 80 (65 - 86) / 200 (150 - 200) / 2.38 (1.77 - 2.86) / 2000 (1800 - 2000) / 20.4 (18.1 - 24.8)
Belgium / 84 / 75 (68 - 85) / 130 (120 - 150) / 1.73 (1.47 - 2.13) / 1620 (1500 - 2000) / 21.6 (17.9 - 28.9)
Brazil / 57 / 75 (70 - 80) / 160 (150 - 160) / 2.00 (1.88 - 2.29) / 2000 (1000 - 2000) / 24.8 (14.0 - 27.5)
Canada / 52 / 76 (64 - 85) / 125 (110 - 125) / 1.65 (1.47 - 1.89) / 2200 (2000 - 3000) / 26.8 (20.1 - 31.1)
China / 44 / 60 (53 - 70) / 150 (120 - 200) / 2.62 (2.09 - 3.33) / 2000 (1490 - 2000) / 31.8 (24.9 - 34.6)
Czech Republic / 11 / 74 (70 - 78) / 150 (150 - 150) / 2.03 (1.93 - 2.14) / 2000 (1700 - 2100) / 20.8 (17.5 - 23.1)
Germany / 115 / 75 (69 - 85) / 150 (150 - 150) / 2.00 (1.77 - 2.20) / 1000 (1000 - 1000) / 13.9 (12.5 - 16.7)
Greece / 4 / 65 (58 - 75) / 160 (155 - 165) / 2.41 (2.07 - 2.88) / 1920 (1320 - 2280) / 30.3 (21.6 - 32.1)
Netherlands / 92 / 80 (72 - 95) / 200 (150 - 200) / 2.11 (1.77 - 2.50) / 2220 (2000 - 3900) / 30.7 (20.1 - 43.3)
Indonesia / 13 / 57 (50 - 65) / 125 (100 - 125) / 2.12 (1.92 - 2.30) / 1800 (1190 - 1820) / 26.2 (15.2 - 33.3)
Israel / 9 / 79 (74 - 88) / 150 (120 - 150) / 1.55 (1.49 - 2.02) / 2500 (890 - 3280) / 22.7 (10.7 - 36.7)
Italy / 58 / 75 (65 - 85) / 120 (100 - 150) / 1.71 (1.33 - 2.00) / 2000 (1500 - 3000) / 20.6 (17.7 - 25.8)
Japan / 75 / 58 (52 - 67) / 80 (80 - 90) / 1.40 (1.18 - 1.79) / 900 ( 800 - 1300) / 16.0 (12.6 - 21.7)
Norway / 31 / 75 (66 - 85) / 125 (120 - 125) / 1.56 (1.41 - 1.92) / 1550 (1410 - 1650) / 18.5 (15.7 - 20.1)
Portugal / 8 / 70 (61 - 80) / 195 (130 - 250) / 2.79 (1.80 - 3.89) / 1290 (1020 - 2050) / 16.7 (14.5 - 22.2)
Singapore / 19 / 70 (60 - 70) / 150 (150 - 150) / 2.14 (1.89 - 2.55) / 2000 (1050 - 2750) / 21.7 (17.1 - 31.7)
Spain / 12 / 75 (70 - 80) / 140 (120 - 140) / 1.81 (1.57 - 1.94) / 1000 (1000 - 2400) / 12.6 (11.4 - 23.7)
Sweden / 4 / 80 (78 - 95) / 120 (115 - 120) / 1.44 (1.23 - 1.55) / 2310 (1800 - 2790) / 20.6 (17.2 - 24.7)
Switzerland / 21 / 75 (65 - 86) / 120 (120 - 120) / 1.60 (1.32 - 1.85) / 2090 (1990 - 2390) / 23.8 (20.3 - 28.2)
UK / 29 / 70 (60 - 80) / 200 (200 - 200) / 2.86 (2.50 - 3.33) / 2180 (2120 - 2220) / 30.5 (23.0 - 33.4)
Uruguay / 5 / 82 (59 - 86) / 120 (100 - 128) / 1.36 (1.21 - 2.20) / 1680 (1000 - 1830) / 20.4 (17.6 - 24.8)
USA / 68 / 86 (75 - 104) / 150 (130 - 150) / 1.68 (1.34 - 1.96) / 1500 (1350 - 2000) / 16.0 (12.7 - 20.6)
QB: blood flow rate, Dose-C: corrected dose