Table 1 Main Characteristics of All Studies Included in the Meta-Analysis

Supplementary table 1 Main characteristics of all studies included in the meta-analysis

First author/year / Country / Ethnicity / SC / Case–control / Cancer type / HWE
Beebe-Dimmer et al. 2012 / USA / Mixed / PB / 218–272 / Bladder cancer / Y
Izmirli et al.2011 / Turkey / Caucasian / HB / 47–50 / Bladder cancer / Y
Safarinejad et al. 2011 / Iran / Caucasian / HB / 158–316 / Bladder cancer / Y
Cai et al.2009 / China / Asian / HB / 312–325 / Bladder cancer / Y
Rouissi et al.2009 / Tunisia / African / HB / 185–191 / Bladder cancer / Y
Wang et al.2009 / China / Asian / HB / 239–250 / Bladder cancer / Y
Ouerhani et al.2007 / Tunisia / African / HB / 111–131 / Bladder cancer / Y
Mooreet al.2007 / Spain / Caucasian / HB / 1068–1078 / Bladder cancer / Y
Karagas et al.2005 / USA / Mixed / PB / 350–542 / Bladder cancer / Y
Mooreet al.2004 / USA / Mixed / PB / 106–108 / Bladder cancer / Y
Lin et al.2004 / USA / Caucasian / HB / 410–409 / Bladder cancer / Y
Lin et al.2004 / USA / African / HB / 21–21 / Bladder cancer / Y
Lin et al.2004 / USA / Mixed / HB / 17–17 / Bladder cancer / Y
Sanyal et al.2004 / Sweden / Caucasian / HB / 311–245 / Bladder cancer / Y
de Mirandaet al.2014 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 27–92 / Brain tumor / Y
Li et al.2013 / China / Asian / HB / 317–320 / Brain tumor / Y
Bethke et al.2008 / UK / Caucasian / PB / 1634–1647 / Brain tumor / N
Semmler et al.2008 / German / Caucasian / HB / 290–287 / Brain tumor / Y
Sirachainan et al.2008 / Thailand / Asian / HB / 73–205 / Brain tumor / Y
Huanget al.2014 / China / Asian / HB / 1232–1232 / Breast cancer / Y
Wanget al.2014 / China / Asian / HB / 435–435 / Breast cancer / Y
Weiweiet al.2014 / China / Asian / HB / 296–306 / Breast cancer / Y
Akilzhanova et al.2013 / Kazakhstan / Mixed / HB / 315–604 / Breast cancer / Y
de Cássia et al.2012 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 142–142 / Breast cancer / Y
Wu et al.2012 / China / Asian / HB / 75–75 / Breast cancer / Y
Akram et al.2012 / Pakistan / Indian / HB / 110–110 / Breast cancer / N
Lajin et al.2012 / Syria / Middle East / HB / 119–126 / Breast cancer / Y
Carvalho et al.2012 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 165–165 / Breast cancer / N
Papandreou et al.2012 / Greece / Caucasian / HB / 300–283 / Breast cancer / Y
Hosseini et al.2011 / Iran / Caucasian / HB / 294–300 / Breast cancer / Y
Ziva et al.2011 / Slovenia / Caucasian / HB / 524–269 / Breast cancer / Y
Vaĭner et al.2010 / Russia / Caucasian / HB / 831–785 / Breast cancer / Y
Sangrajrang et al.2010 / Thailand / Asian / HB / 563–487 / Breast cancer / N
Ma et al.2009 / Japan / Asian / HB / 388–387 / Breast cancer / Y
Ericson et al. 2009 / Sweden / Caucasian / PB / 312–615 / Breast cancer / Y
Platek et al.2009 / USA / Mixed / PB / 928–1781 / Breast cancer / Y
Gao et al.2009 / China / Asian / PB / 624–624 / Breast cancer / Y
Ma et al.2009 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 458–458 / Breast cancer / Y
Tao et al.2009 / USA / Mixed / PB / 662–1831 / Breast cancer / Y
Jakubowska et al.2009 / Poland / Caucasian / PB / 1088–1071 / Breast cancer / Y
Kotsopoulos et al.2008 / Canada / Caucasian / HB / 941–780 / Breast cancer / Y
Mir et al.2008 / India / Indian / HB / 35–33 / Breast cancer / N
Cheng et al.2008 / China / Asian / HB / 351–534 / Breast cancer / N
Stevens et al.2007 / USA / Mixed / PB / 494–493 / Breast cancer / Y
Xu et al.2007 / China / Asian / PB / 1062–1103 / Breast cancer / Y
Lissowska et al.2007 / Poland / Caucasian / PB / 1986–2278 / Breast cancer / N
Jakubowska et al.2007 / Poland / Caucasian / HB / 319–290 / Breast cancer / Y
Chou et al.2006 / China / Asian / HB / 142–285 / Breast cancer / Y
Justenhoven et al.2005 / German / Caucasian / PB / 582–634 / Breast cancer / Y
Le Marchand et al.2004 / USA / Asian / PB / 318–410 / Breast cancer / Y
Le Marchand et al.2004 / USA / Caucasian / PB / 320–415 / Breast cancer / Y
Le Marchand et al.2004 / USA / African / PB / 246–639 / Breast cancer / Y
Le Marchand et al.2004 / USA / Mixed / PB / 305–950 / Breast cancer / Y
Qi et al.2004 / China / Asian / PB / 217–218 / Breast cancer / Y
Shrubsole et al.2004 / China / Asian / PB / 1121–1208 / Breast cancer / Y
Ergul et al.2003 / Turkey / Caucasian / HB / 118–193 / Breast cancer / Y
Sharp et al.2002 / UK / Caucasian / HB / 55–60 / Breast cancer / Y
Fan et al.2014 / China / Asian / HB / 129–214 / Cervical cancer / Y
González-Herreraet al.2014 / Mexico / Mixed / HB / 209–274 / Cervical cancer / Y
Ragasudha et al.2012 / India / Indian / HB / 94–228 / Cervical cancer / Y
Tong et al.2011 / Korea / Asian / HB / 148–749 / Cervical cancer / Y
Kohaar et al.2010 / India / Indian / HB / 164–231 / Cervical cancer / Y
Nandan et al.2008 / India / Indian / HB / 62–77 / Cervical cancer / Y
Delgado-Enciso et al.2006 / Mexico / Mixed / HB / 70–89 / Cervical cancer / Y
Kanget al.2005 / Korea / Asian / HB / 79–84 / Cervical cancer / Y
Songserm et al.2011 / Thailand / Asian / PB / 175–350 / Cholangiocarcinoma / N
Raiet al. 2014 / India / Indian / HB / 155–294 / Colorectal cancer / N
Yousef et al.2013 / Jordan / Middle East / HB / 131–115 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Promthet et al. 2012 / Thailand / Asian / HB / 112–242 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Lee et al.2012 / Korea / Asian / PB / 541–1032 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Li et al.2012 / China / Asian / PB / 137–145 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Guimarães et al.2011 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 113–188 / Colorectal cancer / N
Jokić et al.2011 / Croatia / Caucasian / HB / 300–300 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Pardini et al.2011 / CzechRepublic / Caucasian / HB / 666–1377 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Kim et al.2011 / Korea / Asian / HB / 67–53 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Chandyet al.2010 / India / Indian / HB / 100–86 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Promthet et al.2010 / Thailand / Asian / HB / 130–130 / Colorectal cancer / N
Eussen et al.2010 / Multiple / Caucasian / PB / 1330–2365 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Naghibalhossaini et al.2010 / Iran / Caucasian / HB / 102–186 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Fernández-Peralta et al.2010 / Spain / Caucasian / HB / 143–103 / Colorectal cancer / N
El Awady et al.2009 / Egypt / African / HB / 35–68 / Colorectal cancer / Y
de Vogel et al. 2009 / Netherlands / Caucasian / PB / 684–1767 / Colorectal cancer / N
Küry et al.2008 / France / Caucasian / HB / 1023–1121 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Lightfootet al.2008 / UK / Caucasian / HB / 488–593 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Cao et al.2008 / China / Asian / PB / 315–371 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Theodoratou et al.2008 / UK / Caucasian / PB / 996–1009 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Sharp et al.2008 / UK / Caucasian / PB / 245–394 / Colorectal cancer / N
Murtaugh et al.2007 / USA / Mixed / PB / 751–979 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Lima et al.2007 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 102–300 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Chang et al.2007 / China / Asian / HB / 195–195 / Colorectal cancer / N
Osianet al.2007 / Romania / Caucasian / HB / 69–67 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Koushik et al.2006 / USA / Mixed / PB / 353–806 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Chen et al.2006 / China / Asian / PB / 137–336 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Van Guelpen et al.2006 / Sweden / Caucasian / PB / 220–412 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Wang et al.2006 / India / Indian / HB / 302–291 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Otani et al.2005 / Japan / Asian / HB / 106–224 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Miao et al.2005 / China / Asian / PB / 198–420 / Colorectal cancer / N
Matsuo et al.2005 / Japan / Asian / HB / 257–767 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Landi et al.2005 / Spain / Caucasian / HB / 360–319 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Jiang et al.2005 / China / Asian / PB / 124–335 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Yin et al.2004 / Japan / Asian / PB / 685–778 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Curtin et al. 2004 / USA / Mixed / HB / 1608–1972 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Pufulete et al.2003 / UK / Caucasian / HB / 28–76 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Matsuo et al.2003 / Japan / Asian / HB / 141–241 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Plaschke et al.2003 / German / Caucasian / HB / 287–346 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Toffoli et al.2003 / Italy / Caucasian / HB / 276–279 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Keku et al.2002 / USA / Caucasian / PB / 309–541 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Keku et al.2002 / USA / African / PB / 243–329 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Chen et al.2002 / USA / Mixed / PB / 211–313 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Le Marchand et al.2002 / USA / Caucasian / PB / 148–171 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Le Marchand et al.2002 / USA / Asian / PB / 315–395 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Le Marchand et al.2002 / USA / Mixed / PB / 76–87 / Colorectal cancer / Y
Xu et al.2007 / China / Asian / PB / 1036–1019 / Endometrial cancer / Y
Paynter et al.2004 / USA / Mixed / PB / 219–665 / Endometrial cancer / Y
Ekiz et al.2012 / Turkey / Caucasian / HB / 26–30 / Esophageal cancer / Y
Qu et al.2013 / China / Asian / HB / 381–427 / Esophageal cancer / Y
Gao et al.2004 / China / Asian / PB / 141–258 / Esophageal cancer / N
Stolzenberg-Solomon et al.2003 / China / Asian / PB / 129–398 / Esophageal cancer / N
Song et al.2001 / China / Asian / PB / 240–360 / Esophageal cancer / N
Chen et al.2014 / China / Asian / PB / 767–775 / Gastric cancer / Y
De Reet al. 2010 / Italy / Caucasian / HB / 57–454 / Gastric cancer / N
Li et al.2007 / China / Asian / HB / 170–140 / Gastric cancer / Y
Vollset et al.2007 / Multiple / Caucasian / PB / 244–614 / Gastric cancer / Y
Boccia et al.2007 / Italy / Caucasian / HB / 102–254 / Gastric cancer / Y
Mu et al.2007 / China / Asian / PB / 196–394 / Gastric cancer / Y
Zhang et al.2007 / Poland / Caucasian / PB / 291–400 / Gastric cancer / Y
Weng et al.2006 / China / Asian / HB / 38–34 / Gastric cancer / Y
Si et al.2005 / China / Asian / HB / 122–101 / Gastric cancer / Y
Shenet al.2005 / China / Asian / HB / 320–313 / Gastric cancer / Y
Kim et al.2005 / Korea / Asian / HB / 133–445 / Gastric cancer / Y
Stolzenberg-Solomon et al.2003 / China / Asian / PB / 90–398 / Gastric cancer / N
Miao et al.2002 / China / Asian / PB / 217–468 / Gastric cancer / N
Miao et al.2002 / China / Asian / PB / 205–360 / Gastric cancer / N
Cui et al.2012 / China / Asian / PB / 356–641 / Hepatocellular cancer / N
Kwak et al.2008 / Korea / Asian / HB / 96–201 / Hepatocellular cancer / Y
Yuan et al.2007 / USA / Caucasian / HB / 118–209 / Hepatocellular cancer / Y
Yuan et al. 2007 / USA / Asian / HB / 247–248 / Hepatocellular cancer / Y
Mu et al.2007 / China / Asian / PB / 194–394 / Hepatocellular cancer / Y
Ozdemir et al.2012 / Turkey / Caucasian / HB / 60–50 / HNC / Y
Galbiatti et al.2012 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 265–466 / HNC / Y
Tsai et al.2011 / China / Asian / HB / 620–620 / HNC / Y
Galbiatti et al.2012 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 322–531 / HNC / N
Sailasree et al.2011 / India / Indian / HB / 70–139 / HNC / Y
Cao et al.2010 / China / Asian / PB / 484–542 / HNC / Y
de Lima et al.2010 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 72–97 / HNC / Y
Kruszyna et al.2010 / Poland / Caucasian / HB / 131–250 / HNC / N
Ni et al.2008 / China / Asian / HB / 207–400 / HNC / Y
Suzuki et al.2007 / Japan / Asian / HB / 236–706 / HNC / Y
Capaccio [195] 2005 / Italy / Caucasian / HB / 65–101 / HNC / Y
Neumann [197] 2005 / USA / Mixed / HB / 537–545 / HNC / N
Kasperzyk [71] 2011 / USA / Mixed / PB / 452–358 / Lymphoma / Y
Jiang et al.2014 / china / Asian / HB / 62–157 / Leukemia / Y
Zhenget al.2013 / China / Asian / HB / 109–120 / Leukemia / N
Silva et al.2013 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 31–248 / Leukemia / Y
Lordelo et al.2012 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 105–273 / Leukemia / N
Amigou et al.2012 / France / Caucasian / PB / 462–441 / Leukemia / Y
Nikbakhtet al.2012 / India / Indian / HB / 125–100 / Leukemia / Y
Karathanasis et al.2011 / Greece / Caucasian / HB / 35–48 / Leukemia / Y
Chan et al.2011 / Singapore / Asian / HB / 185–177 / Leukemia / Y
Yeohet al.2010 / Chinese / Asian / HB / 318–344 / Leukemia / Y
Yeohet al.2010 / Malays / Asian / HB / 208–323 / Leukemia / Y
Lightfootet al.2010 / UK / Caucasian / PB / 864–759 / Leukemia / Y
Lv et al.2010 / China / Asian / HB / 127–182 / Leukemia / Y
Sood et al.2010 / India / Indian / HB / 95–255 / Leukemia / N
Sadananda Adiga et al.2010 / India / Indian / HB / 99–86 / Leukemia / Y
de Jonge et al.2009 / Netherlands / Caucasian / HB / 245–487 / Leukemia / Y
Amorim et al.2008 / Brazil / Caucasian / HB / 79–146 / Leukemia / Y
Amorim et al.2008 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 31–102 / Leukemia / N
Alcasabas et al.2008 / Philippines / Asian / HB / 188–394 / Leukemia / Y
Barbosaet al.2008 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 94–100 / Leukemia / Y
Kamel et al.2007 / Egypt / African / HB / 88–310 / Leukemia / Y
Guillem et al.2007 / Spain / Caucasian / HB / 81–80 / Leukemia / Y
Petra et al.2007 / Slovenia / Caucasian / HB / 68–222 / Leukemia / Y
Kim et al.2009 / Korea / Asian / PB / 666–1700 / Leukemia / Y
Moon et al.2007 / Korea / Asian / HB / 315–434 / Leukemia / Y
Kim et al.2006 / Korea / Asian / HB / 62–100 / Leukemia / Y
Hur et al.2006 / Korea / Asian / HB / 196–200 / Leukemia / Y
Zanrosso et al.2006 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 168–199 / Leukemia / Y
Franco et al.2001 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 71–71 / Leukemia / Y
Skibola et al.1999 / UK / Caucasian / HB / 69–114 / Leukemia / Y
Thirumaranet al.2005 / German / Caucasian / PB / 445–1453 / Leukemia / Y
Azhar et al.2012 / Iran / Caucasian / HB / 72–109 / Leukemia / Y
Metayer et al.2011 / USA / Caucasian / PB / 154–177 / Leukemia / Y
Metayer et al.2011 / USA / Mixed / PB / 221–269 / Leukemia / Y
Yang et al.2011 / China / Asian / HB / 361–367 / Leukemia / Y
Tong et al.2010 / China / Asian / HB / 361–508 / Leukemia / Y
Oh et al.2007 / Korea / Asian / HB / 107–427 / Leukemia / Y
da Costa Ramos et al.2006 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 182–315 / Leukemia / Y
Reddy et al.2006 / India / Indian / HB / 208–196 / Leukemia / N
Oliveira et al.2005 / Portugal / Caucasian / HB / 103–111 / Leukemia / Y
Jazbec et al.2005 / Slovenia / Caucasian / HB / 15–30 / Leukemia / Y
Schnakenberg et al.2005 / German / Caucasian / HB / 443–379 / Leukemia / Y
Rudd et al.2004 / UK / Caucasian / HB / 832–886 / Leukemia / Y
Nückel et al.2004 / German / Caucasian / HB / 111–92 / Leukemia / Y
Takeuchi et al.2004 / Japan / Asian / HB / 87–81 / Leukemia / Y
Gemmati et al.2004 / Italy / Caucasian / HB / 114–257 / Leukemia / Y
Chiusolo et al.2004 / Italy / Caucasian / HB / 174–110 / Leukemia / Y
Krajinovic et al.2004 / Canada / Caucasian / FB / 270–300 / Leukemia / Y
Wiemels et al.2001 / UK / Caucasian / HB / 247–199 / Leukemia / Y
Graet al.2008 / Russia / Caucasian / HB / 83–177 / Leukemia / Y
Kiyohara et al.2011 / Japan / Asian / HB / 462–379 / Lung cancer / Y
Arslan et al.2011 / Turkey / Caucasian / HB / 64–61 / Lung cancer / Y
Hung et al.2007 / Multiple / Caucasian / PB / 2209–2865 / Lung cancer / Y
Liu et al.2009 / China / Asian / HB / 358–716 / Lung cancer / Y
Liu et al.2008 / China / Asian / HB / 500–517 / Lung cancer / Y
Suzuki et al.2007 / Japan / Asian / HB / 512–1,019 / Lung cancer / Y
Gemignani et al.2007 / Multiple / Caucasian / HB / 293–309 / Lung cancer / Y
Zhang et al.2005 / China / Asian / HB / 505–500 / Lung cancer / N
Shi et al.2005 / USA / Caucasian / HB / 1051–1141 / Lung cancer / Y
Siemianowicz et al.2003 / Poland / Caucasian / HB / 146–44 / Lung cancer / Y
Shen et al.2001 / USA / Caucasian / PB / 550–554 / Lung cancer / Y
Jiang et al.2014 / china / Asian / HB / 30–157 / Multiple myeloma / Y
Hatzimichael et al.2010 / Greece / Caucasian / HB / 45–77 / Multiple myeloma / Y
Kim et al.2007 / Korea / Asian / PB / 173–1700 / Multiple myeloma / Y
Moon et al.2007 / Korea / Asian / HB / 196–434 / Multiple myeloma / Y
Chiusolo et al.2006 / Italy / Caucasian / HB / 100–100 / Multiple myeloma / Y
Lincz et al.2003 / Australia / Caucasian / HB / 81–294 / Multiple myeloma / Y
González-Fraile et al.2002 / Spain / Caucasian / HB / 107–79 / Multiple myeloma / Y
Lima et al.2008 / Brazil / Mixed / HB / 123–188 / Multiple myeloma / N
Jiang et al. 2014 / china / Asian / HB / 28–157 / Lymphoma / Y
Ismail et al.2009 / Jordan / Middle East / HB / 55–170 / Lymphoma / Y
Siraj et al.2007 / Saudi Arabia / Middle East / HB / 113–511 / Lymphoma / Y
Habib et al.2005 / Egypt / African / HB / 31–30 / Lymphoma / Y
Niclot et al.2006 / France / Caucasian / HB / 172–198 / Lymphoma / Y
Lincz et al.2003 / Australia / Caucasian / HB / 145–294 / Lymphoma / Y
Matsuo et al.2001 / Japan / Asian / HB / 273–500 / Lymphoma / Y
Berglund et al.2009 / Sweden / Caucasian / HB / 262–449 / Lymphoma / Y
Weiner et al.2011 / Russia / Caucasian / PB / 133–503 / Lymphoma / Y
Nasret al.2012 / Egypt / African / HB / 50–50 / Lymphoma / N
Lim et al.2007 / USA / Mixed / PB / 314–383 / Lymphoma / Y
Graet al.2008 / Russia / Caucasian / HB / 76–177 / Lymphoma / Y
Lightfoot et al.2005 / USA / Caucasian / PB / 589–755 / Lymphoma / Y
Skibola et al.2004 / USA / Mixed / PB / 333–722 / Lymphoma / Y
Gemmati et al.2004 / Italy / Caucasian / HB / 200–257 / Lymphoma / Y
Kim et al.2008 / Korea / Asian / PB / 583–1700 / Lymphoma / Y
Liet al.2013 / USA / Caucasian / PB / 466–526 / Lymphoma / Y
Liet al.2013 / USA / Mixed / PB / 23–48 / Lymphoma / Y
Kurzwelly et al.2010 / German / Caucasian / HB / 185–212 / Lymphoma / Y
Patiño-García et al.2009 / Spain / Caucasian / HB / 96–110 / Osteosarcoma / Y
Webb et al.2011 / Austria / Caucasian / PB / 1638–1278 / Ovarian cancer / Y
Terry et al.2010 / UK / Caucasian / PB / 1038–1093 / Ovarian cancer / Y
Terry et al.2010 / USA / Caucasian / PB / 153–484 / Ovarian cancer / Y
Terry et al.2010 / USA / Caucasian / HB / 364–412 / Ovarian cancer / Y
Jakubowska et al.2007 / Poland / Caucasian / HB / 146–280 / Ovarian cancer / Y
Wang et al.2005 / China / Asian / HB / 163–337 / Pancreatic cancer / Y
Manuguerra et al.2007 / USA / Mixed / HB / 303–305 / Pancreatic cancer / Y
Li et al.2005 / USA / Caucasian / HB / 303–310 / Pancreatic cancer / Y
Li et al.2005 / USA / African / HB / 17–16 / Pancreatic cancer / Y
Li et al.2005 / USA / Mixed / HB / 21–17 / Pancreatic cancer / Y
López-Cortés et al.2013 / Ecuadorian / Mixed / HB / 104–110 / Prostate cancer / N
Wu et al.2010 / China / Asian / HB / 218–436 / Prostate cancer / Y
Cai et al.2010 / China / Asian / HB / 217–220 / Prostate cancer / Y
Safarinejad et al.2010 / Iran / Caucasian / HB / 174–348 / Prostate cancer / Y
Muslumanoglu et al.2009 / Turkey / Caucasian / HB / 91–166 / Prostate cancer / N
Marchal et al.2008 / Spain / Caucasian / HB / 177–209 / Prostate cancer / Y
Van Guelpen et al.2006 / Sweden / Caucasian / PB / 222–434 / Prostate cancer / Y
Singal et al.2004 / USA / Mixed / HB / 81–42 / Prostate cancer / Y
Cicek et al.2004 / USA / Mixed / FB / 439–478 / Prostate cancer / Y
Ajaz et al.2012 / Pakistan / Indian / HB / 168–172 / Renal cell cancer / N
Safarinejad et al. 2012 / Iran / Caucasian / HB / 152–304 / Renal cell cancer / Y
Moore et al. 2008 / Multiple / Caucasian / HB / 818–1087 / Renal cell cancer / Y
Kang et al.2010 / Korea / Asian / HB / 195–207 / Skin cancer / Y
Han et al.2007 / USA / Mixed / PB / 785–852 / Skin cancer / Y
Zhang et al.2004 / Sweden / Caucasian / HB / 197–574 / Skin cancer / Y
Onur et al. 2012 / Turkey / Caucasian / HB / 28–50 / Multiple cancers / Y
Hung et al.2008 / Multiple / Caucasian / PB / 802–2585 / UATC / Y

UATCupper aero-digestive tract cancer; HNC head and neck cancer; SC source of controls; HB hospital-based study, PB population-based study, Y yes, N no

Supplementary table 2Summary ORs (95% CI) and value of the heterogeneity of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism under different genetic models according to studies with HWE on cancer risk 1

Variables / No. comparisons (SZ case/control) / Dominant model / Recessive model / CC vs AA / AC vs AA
OR (95% CI) / Ph /I2(%) / OR (95% CI) / Ph /I2(%) / OR (95% CI) / Ph /I2(%) / OR (95% CI) / Ph /I2(%)
Overall / 227 (70,144/99,085) / 1.02 (0.99–1.05)* / <0.001/41.4 / 1.03 (0.98–1.08)* / 0.001/23.7 / 1.04 (0.99–1.10)* / <0.001/35.1 / 1.01 (0.98–1.04)* / <0.001/31.7
Cancer type
Brain tumor / 4 (707/904) / 1.07 (0.87–1.31) / 0.557/0.0 / 0.99 (0.69–1.43) / 0.587/0.0 / 1.05 (0.72–1.54) / 0.590/0.0 / 1.08 (0.87–1.34) / 0.558/0.0
Breast cancer / 32 (15,263/19,002) / 0.98 (0.91–1.05)* / <0.001/52.3 / 1.01 (0.93–1.09) / 0.179/18.5 / 1.03 (0.91–1.16)* / 0.010/40.6 / 0.97 (0.91–1.04)* / 0.011/40.0
Colorectal cancer / 38 (13,451/19,427) / 1.01 (0.96–1.05) / 0.179/17.3 / 0.92 (0.83–1.03)* / 0.034/32.2 / 0.94 (0.82–1.06)* / 0.008/39.8 / 1.02 (0.98–1.08) / 0.605/0.0
Esophageal cancer / 2 (407/457) / 1.04 (0.77–1.40) / 0.830/0.0 / 0.90 (0.41–1.95) / 0.412/0.0 / 0.89 (0.40–1.95) / 0.502/0.0 / 1.06 (0.78–1.44) / 0.673/0.0
Gastric cancer / 10 (2383/3470) / 1.03 (0.93–1.16) / 0.232/22.9 / 1.02 (0.83–1.26) / 0.885/0.0 / 1.05 (0.84–1.30) / 0.772/0.0 / 1.04 (0.93–1.17) / 0.317/13.7
Hepatocellular cancer / 4 (655/1052) / 1.01 (0.82–1.24) / 0.442/0.0 / 0.64 (0.39–1.05) / 0.570/0.0 / 0.63 (0.38–1.05) / 0.662/0.0 / 1.06 (0.86–1.32) / 0.373/3.9
HNC / 8 (1814/2655) / 0.95 (0.73–1.23)* / 0.001/70.8 / 1.04 (0.79–1.37) / 0.714/0.0 / 0.99 (0.74–1.32) / 0.481/0.0 / 0.91 (0.68–1.23)* / <0.001/74.7
Leukemia / 44 (9288/13,669) / 1.00 (0.92–1.08)* / 0.001/44.5 / 1.04 (0.94–1.15) / 0.235/12.8 / 1.06 (0.93–1.22)* / 0.053/27.1 / 0.98 (0.91–1.07)* / 0.008/37.4
Lung cancer / 10 (6145/7605) / 0.99 (0.92–1.06) / 0.398/4.6 / 1.06 (0.93–1.20) / 0.358/9.2 / 1.04 (0.92–1.19) / 0.192/27.4 / 0.98 (0.91–1.05) / 0.753/0.0
Lymphoma / 19 (4433/7950) / 1.08 (0.96–1.20)* / 0.018/44.9 / 1.27 (0.99–1.62)* / <0.001/65.8 / 1.28 (0.98–1.67)* / <0.001/67.3 / 1.03 (0.95–1.11) / 0.397/4.9
Multiple myeloma / 7 (732/2841) / 1.01 (0.84–1.22) / 0.521/0.0 / 1.10 (0.76–1.59) / 0.300/17.0 / 1.14 (0.77–1.68) / 0.265/21.5 / 0.99 (0.82–1.20) / 0.497/0.0
Prostate cancer / 7 (1528/2167) / 1.01 (0.88–1.16) / 0.442/0.0 / 0.91 (0.71–1.16) / 0.849/0.0 / 0.93 (0.72–1.20) / 0.774/0.0 / 1.03 (0.89–1.19) / 0.487/0.0
Renal cell cancer / 2 (970/1391) / 2 / <0.001/94.4 / 1.26 (0.74-2.14) / 0.080/67.5 / 2 / <0.001/90.4 / 2 / <0.001/93.4
Ethnicity
Caucasian / 95 (33,844/43,930) / 1.01 (0.96–1.05)* / <0.001/43.0 / 1.00 (0.95–1.05) / 0.192/11.1 / 1.01 (0.94–1.08)* / 0.001/34.7 / 1.00 (0.97–1.05) / 0.504/30.1
Asian / 74 (22,542/33,981) / 1.02 (0.97–1.06)* / 0.009/30.3 / 1.04 (0.95–1.13) / 0.216/11.3 / 1.08 (0.97–1.20)* / 0.091/18.7 / 1.02 (0.97–1.07)* / 0.039/24.0
Indian / 6 (1016/1238) / 0.94 (0.69–1.29)* / 0.007/63.9 / 0.76 (0.58–1.01) / 0.158/37.3 / 0.66 (0.49–0.89) / 0.299/17.7 / 0.81 (0.57–1.14)* / 0.034/58.6
African / 9 (977/1735) / 0.98 (0.67–1.45)* / <0.001/74.6 / 0.97 (0.68–1.39) / 0.179/31.2 / 0.97 (0.52–1.82)* / 0.027/55.7 / 1.00 (0.68–1.48)* / <0.001/72.7
Source of control
HB / 159 (34,921/46,575) / 1.04 (0.99–1.09)* / <0.001/46.1 / 1.09 (1.02–1.17)* / 0.055/24.3 / 1.11 (1.02–1.20)* / <0.001/38.0 / 1.03 (0.98–1.07)* / <0.001/36.8
PB / 66 (34158/51732) / 0.98 (0.95–1.02)* / 0.080/20.4 / 0.96 (0.92–1.01) / 0.261/9.6 / 0.96 (0.91–1.01) / 0.187/13.4 / 0.99 (0.96–1.02) / 0.181/13.7
Cancer type and Ethnicity
Breast cancer/Caucasian / 12 (5684/5695) / 0.92 (0.81–1.05)* / 0.002/62.9 / 0.97 (0.81–1.16)* / 0.039/46.4 / 0.93 (0.75–1.15)* / 0.004/59.8 / 0.92 (0.82–1.04)* / 0.016/52.6
Breast cancer/Asian / 11 (5910/6283) / 0.94 (0.87–1.02) / 0.152/30.9 / 1.04 (0.89–1.22) / 0.807/0.0 / 1.02 (0.87–1.20) / 0.617/0.0 / 0.93 (0.86–1.01) / 0.259/19.4
Colorectal cancer/Asian / 12 (1937/4919) / 0.97 (0.88–1.07) / 0.456/0.0 / 0.75 (0.59–0.96) / 0.280/17.7 / 0.77 (0.60–1.00) / 0.274/18.4 / 1.01 (0.91–1.12) / 0.274/18.4
Colorectal cancer/Caucasian / 15 (6602/9162) / 1.04 (0.98–1.11) / 0.451/0.0 / 1.04 (0.93–1.15) / 0.274/16.0 / 1.05 (0.94–1.18) / 0.153/27.5 / 1.04 (0.97–1.11) / 0.799/0.0
Colorectal cancer/Indian / 2 (402/377) / 0.82 (0.45–1.52)* / 0.097/63.6 / 0.52 (0.34–0.79) / 0.726/0.0 / 0.47 (0.30–0.75) / 0.696/0.0 / 0.93 (0.49–1.77)* / 0.091/64.9
Esophageal cancer/Asian / 1 (381/427) / 1.05 (0.77–1.43) / – / 0.77 (0.33–1.82) / – / 0.79 (0.33–1.87) / – / 1.08 (0.79–1.49) / –
Gastric cancer/Asian / 7 (1746/2202) / 0.98 (0.86–1.13) / 0.411/1.8 / 0.96 (0.73–1.26) / 0.687/0.0 / 0.96 (0.72–1.29) / 0.649/0.0 / 1.00 (0.86–1.15) / 0.492/0.0
Gastric cancer/Caucasian / 3 (637/1268) / 1.14 (0.94–1.38) / 0.128/51.4 / 1.10 (0.80–1.52) / 0.900/0.0 / 1.17 (0.83–1.64) / 0.598/0.0 / 1.13 (0.93–1.39) / 0.138/49.6
Hepatocellular cancer/Asian / 3 (537/843) / 1.07 (0.85–1.35) / 0.471/0.0 / 0.57 (0.30–1.06) / 0.432/0.0 / 0.59 (0.31–1.12) / 0.479/0.0 / 1.14 (0.89–1.44) / 0.412/0.0
HNC/Caucasian / 2 (125/151) / 1.09 (0.67–1.77) / 0.209/36.6 / 1.34 (0.55–3.27) / 0.640/0.0 / 1.40 (0.55–3.54) / 0.967/0.0 / 1.05 (0.64–1.73) / 0.156/50.4
Leukemia/Asian / 14 (3243/5394) / 1.06 (0.91–1.24)* / 0.006/55.4 / 1.18 (0.96–1.44) / 0.479/0.0 / 1.24 (0.99–1.53) / 0.252/18.5 / 1.04 (0.90–1.21)* / 0.013/51.5
Leukemia/Indian / 2 (224/186) / 0.87 (0.57–1.31) / 0.651/0.0 / 0.75 (0.41–1.36) / 0.424/0.0 / 0.66 (0.34–1.30) / 0.654/0.0 / 0.91 (0.59–1.41) / 0.533/0.0
Lung cancer/Asian / 4 (1832/2631) / 1.03 (0.90–1.17) / 0.492/0.0 / 1.26 (0.93–1.71) / 0.633/0.0 / 1.26 (0.92–1.71) / 0.545/0.0 / 1.00 (0.88–1.14) / 0.658/0.0
Prostate cancer/Caucasian / 3 (573/991) / 0.90 (0.73–1.11) / 0.449/0.0 / 0.85 (0.61–1.19) / 0.686/0.0 / 0.83 (0.58–1.18) / 0.537/0.0 / 0.93 (0.74–1.16) / 0.547/0.0
Cancer type and Source of control
Breast cancer/HB / 18 (6984/7010) / 1.01 (0.89–1.15)* / <0.001/67.1 / 1.11 (0.95–1.31)* / 0.073/34.8 / 1.12 (0.91–1.37)* / 0.001/57.3 / 0.99 (0.88–1.12)* / 0.001/57.2
Breast cancer/PB / 14 (8279/11992) / 0.95 (0.90–1.01) / 0.607/0.0 / 0.94 (0.85–1.05) / 0.780/0.0 / 0.94 (0.83–1.05) / 0.757/0.0 / 0.96 (0.90–1.02) / 0.625/0.0
Colorectal cancer/HB / 20 (4952/7051) / 1.04 (0.97–1.12) / 0.334/9.7 / 1.00 (0.84–1.21)* / 0.090/31.9 / 1.02 (0.83–1.26)* / 0.030/41.5 / 1.04 (0.96–1.12) / 0.678/0.0
Colorectal cancer/PB / 18 (8499/12376) / 0.99 (0.94–1.05) / 0.161/24.9 / 0.88 (0.80–0.98) / 0.126/29.0 / 0.88 (0.75–1.02)* / 0.075/35.3 / 1.02 (0.96–1.08) / 0.369/7.3
Gastric cancer/HB / 6 (885/1287) / 0.98 (0.81–1.19) / 0.547/0.0 / 0.81 (0.49–1.34) / 0.954/0.0 / 0.81 (0.48–1.36) / 0.948/0.0 / 1.00 (0.82–1.22) / 0.521/0.0
Gastric cancer/PB / 4 (1498/2183) / 1.05 (0.84–1.31)* / 0.066/58.4 / 1.07 (0.85–1.35) / 0.511/0.0 / 1.11 (0.87–1.42) / 0.344/9.8 / 1.06 (0.92–1.22) / 0.110/50.2
HNC/HB / 7 (1330/2113) / 0.89 (0.77–1.03) / 0.155/35.8 / 0.98 (0.71–1.34) / 0.685/0.0 / 0.86 (0.62–1.20) / 0.723/0.0 / 0.83 (0.64–1.09)* / 0.030/57.2
Leukemia/HB / 37 (6206/8570) / 1.02 (0.92–1.13)* / 0.001/46.6 / 1.07 (0.95–1.22) / 0.432/2.2 / 1.08 (0.95–1.24) / 0.144/20.0 / 1.01 (0.91–1.11)* / 0.007/39.9
Lung cancer/HB / 8 (3386/4186) / 1.03 (0.94–1.14) / 0.391/5.0 / 1.26 (1.04–1.52) / 0.827/0.0 / 1.26 (1.03–1.53) / 0.593/0.0 / 1.00 (0.91–1.10) / 0.627/0.0
Lymphoma/HB / 11 (1540/2955) / 1.21 (1.06–1.37) / 0.134/33.1 / 1.49 (0.98–2.25)* / <0.001/69.2 / 1.54 (1.01–2.37)* / 0.001/67.7 / 1.14 (0.99–1.30) / 0.558/0.0
Multiple myeloma/HB / 6 (559/1141) / 1.01 (0.81–1.26) / 0.395/3.4 / 1.09 (0.72–1.65) / 0.204/30.9 / 1.14 (0.74–1.76) / 0.177/34.5 / 0.98 (0.78–1.24) / 0.373/6.8
Prostate cancer/HB / 5 (867/1255) / 0.92 (0.77–1.11) / 0.507/0.0 / 0.85 (0.59–1.22) / 0.652/0.0 / 0.84 (0.58–1.21) / 0.614/0.0 / 0.94 (0.77–1.13) / 0.563/0.0

1 All summary ORs were calculated using fixed-effects models. In the case of significant heterogeneity (indicated by *), ORs were calculated using random-effects models, HNC head and neck cancer, the bold values indicate that the results are statistically significant, HB hospital-based study, PB population-based study, SZ sample size,

Supplementary table 3 Summary ORs (95% CI) and value of the heterogeneity of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism under different genetic models according to sample size on cancer risk 1

Variables / No. comparisons (SZ case/control) / Dominant model / Recessive model / CC vsAA / AC vsAA
OR (95% CI) / Ph /I2(%) / OR (95% CI) / Ph /I2(%) / OR (95% CI) / Ph /I2(%) / OR (95% CI) / Ph /I2(%)
Overall / 220 (78,498/111,893) / 1.02 (0.99–1.05)* / <0.001/52.0 / 1.06 (1.01–1.12)* / <0.001/38.7 / 1.07 (1.01–1.13)* / <0.001/46.9 / 1.01 (0.98–1.04)* / <0.001/46.0
Cancer type
Bladder cancer / 11 (3468/3867) / 1.18 (0.99–1.41)* / <0.001/68.6 / 0.90 (0.76–1.08) / 0.119/34.9 / 1.03 (0.75–1.41)* / 0.010/56.8 / 1.21 (1.01–1.44)* / 0.002/63.3
Brain tumor / 4 (2314/2459) / 1.19 (1.06–1.34) / 0.371/4.4 / 0.90 (0.74–1.09) / 0.513/0.0 / 1.00 (0.82–1.23) / 0.304/17.4 / 1.24 (1.10–1.41) / 0.304/17.4
Breast cancer / 35 (18308/22441) / 0.99 (0.93–1.05)* / <0.001/50.1 / 1.07 (0.98–1.18)* / 0.048/30.4 / 1.08 (0.96–1.20)* / 0.006/41.7 / 0.97 (0.92–1.03)* / 0.006/41.7
Cervical cancer / 5 (744/1696) / 2 / <0.001/84.7 / 0.98 (0.33–2.96)* / 0.029/66.8 / 1.02 (0.31–3.38)* / 0.017/70.6 / 2 / <0.001/86.6
Colorectal cancer / 40 (14939/22481) / 1.01 (0.94–1.08)* / <0.001/54.4 / 0.94 (0.85–1.04)* / 0.031/32.3 / 0.95 (0.84–1.08)* / 0.001/46.0 / 1.03 (0.96–1.11)* / <0.001/49.5
Esophageal cancer / 4 (891/1443) / 0.93 (0.77–1.12) / 0.346/9.4 / 2.58 (0.68–9.75)* / 0.046/62.5 / 2.42 (0.66–8.83)* / 0.056/60.2 / 0.90 (0.74–1.09) / 0.228/30.7
Gastric cancer / 13 (2914/5116) / 1.01 (0.92–1.12) / 0.397/5.0 / 1.03 (0.84–1.26) / 0.973/0.0 / 1.05 (0.85–1.30) / 0.919/0.0 / 1.02 (0.92–1.12) / 0.483/0.0
HNC / 8 (2607/3733) / 2 / <0.001/86.0 / 2 / <0.001/76.8 / 2 / <0.001/82.5 / 2 / <0.001/82.4
Leukemia / 38 (9120/13694) / 0.96 (0.89–1.05)* / <0.001/48.6 / 1.05 (0.95–1.15) / 0.168/18.1 / 1.03 (0.90–1.19)* / 0.033/31.8 / 0.95 (0.87–1.03)* / 0.001/47.3
Lung cancer / 9 (6440/8000) / 0.98 (0.92–1.05) / 0.346/10.7 / 1.05 (0.93–1.19) / 0.288/17.4 / 1.04 (0.91–1.19) / 0.154/33.0 / 0.97 (0.91–1.04) / 0.663/0.0
Lymphoma / 16 (4315/7715) / 1.08 (0.97–1.21)* / 0.031/43.9 / 1.29 (1.01–1.64)* / <0.001/67.1 / 1.31 (1.01–1.69)* / <0.001/67.6 / 1.03 (0.95–1.12) / 0.404/4.3
Multiple myeloma / 4 (573/2616) / 1.10 (0.90–1.34) / 0.869/0.0 / 1.36 (0.89–2.08) / 0.548/0.0 / 1.45 (0.93–2.24) / 0.644/0.0 / 1.06 (0.85–1.30) / 0.819/0.0
Pancreatic cancer / 3 (769/952) / 1.01 (0.83–1.24) / 0.461/0.0 / 0.99 (0.46–2.15)* / 0.035/70.2 / 1.01 (0.47–2.17)* / 0.048/67.0 / 1.01 (0.82–1.24) / 0.648/0.0
Prostate cancer / 8 (1642/2401) / 1.01 (0.90–1.12) / 0.988/0.0 / 1.12 (0.79–1.59)* / 0.051/50.0 / 1.11 (0.80–1.56)* / 0.099/41.9 / 1.01 (0.88–1.17) / 0.671/0.0
Ethnicity
Caucasian / 86 (37,772/49,877) / 1.02 (0.98–1.06)* / <0.001/48.8 / 1.01 (0.96–1.07)* / 0.026/24.4 / 1.02 (0.96–1.10)* / <0.001/40.2 / 1.02 (0.97–1.06)* / <0.001/40.4
Asian / 81 (25,680/38,859) / 1.01 (0.97–1.05)* / 0.016/26.9 / 1.08 (0.98–1.19)* / 0.050/21.9 / 1.09 (0.98–1.22)* / 0.024/25.6 / 1.00 (0.96–1.04)* / 0.048/22.0
Indian / 10 (1491/2016) / 2 / <0.001/86.5 / 1.34 (0.87–2.06)* / <0.001/73.5 / 2 / <0.001/82.0 / 2 / <0.001/87.7
African / 5 (873/1600) / 2 / 0.001/79.9 / 0.92 (0.61–1.37) / 0.993/0.0 / 0.90 (0.60–1.35) / 0.909/0.0 / 2 / <0.001/81.9
Source of control
HB / 141 (37,430/49,779) / 1.05 (0.99–1.10)* / <0.001/59.1 / 1.14 (1.06–1.23)* / <0.001/40.5 / 1.16 (1.06–1.26)* / <0.001/51.6 / 1.03 (0.98–1.07)* / <0.001/52.8
PB / 77 (40359/61336) / 0.99 (0.96–1.02)* / 0.014/28.1 / 0.98 (0.93–1.04)* / 0.048/22.4 / 0.98 (0.92–1.04)* / 0.046/22.6 / 0.99 (0.96–1.03)* / 0.015/27.9
Cancer type and Ethnicity
Bladder cancer/Caucasian / 4 (1947/2048) / 2 / <0.001/87.8 / 1.10 (0.70–1.73)* / 0.013/72.0 / 2 / <0.001/84.4 / 2 / <0.001/84.1
Bladder cancer/African / 2 (296/322) / 1.61 (1.17–2.23) / 0.827/0.0 / 0.92 (0.46–1.82) / 0.685/0.0 / 1.13 (0.56–2.26) / 0.736/0.0 / 1.71 (1.22–2.40) / 0.697/0.0
Breast cancer/Caucasian / 12 (7615/7913) / 0.95 (0.84–1.07)* / <0.001/68.1 / 0.98 (0.89–1.09) / 0.115/34.4 / 0.97 (0.81–1.15)* / 0.010/55.5 / 0.95 (0.84–1.07)* / 0.002/62.0
Breast cancer/Asian / 12 (6749/7229) / 0.94 (0.88–1.01) / 0.257/19.0 / 1.09 (0.94–1.27) / 0.579/0.0 / 1.07 (0.92–1.25) / 0.445/0.0 / 0.92 (0.86–0.99) / 0.403/4.3
Cervical cancer/Asian / 2 (277/963) / 1.58 (1.19–2.09) / 0.175/45.7 / 2 / 0.008/85.9 / 2 / 0.006/86.6 / 1.61 (1.21–2.15) / 0.484/0.0
Cervical cancer/Indian / 2 (258/459) / 1.22 (0.87–1.69) / 0.315/1.1 / 1.23 (0.68–2.24) / – / 1.25 (0.65–2.39) / – / 1.02 (0.66–1.58) / –
Colorectal cancer/Asian / 14 (3393/5611) / 0.97 (0.89–1.07) / 0.225/21.1 / 0.75 (0.60–0.95) / 0.421/2.4 / 0.78 (0.62–0.99) / 0.435/0.9 / 1.01 (0.92–1.11) / 0.172/27.8
Colorectal cancer/Caucasian / 16 (7577/11,283) / 1.02 (0.96–1.08) / 0.535/0.0 / 1.03 (0.94–1.13) / 0.269/16.1 / 1.04 (0.94–1.15) / 0.231/19.5 / 1.02 (0.96–1.08) / 0.670/0.0
Colorectal cancer/Indian / 2 (457/585) / 2 / <0.001/97.8 / 2 / <0.001/93.1 / 2 / <0.001/96.6 / 2 / <0.001/97.1
Gastric cancer/Asian / 9 (2220/3394) / 0.98 (0.87–1.10) / 0.614/0.0 / 0.98 (0.75–1.28) / 0.836/0.0 / 0.99 (0.75–1.31) / 0.812/0.0 / 0.98 (0.87–1.11) / 0.680/0.0
HNC/Caucasian / 1 (131/250) / 1.32 (0.85–2.09) / – / 2.33 (1.15–4.74) / – / 2.53 (1.19–5.38) / – / 1.16 (0.74–1.83) / –
Leukemia/Caucasian / 16 (4694/6196) / 0.95 (0.87–1.02) / 0.258/17.1 / 0.96 (0.84–1.09) / 0.180/24.2 / 0.94 (0.82–1.08) / 0.124/30.0 / 0.95 (0.87–1.03) / 0.364/7.8
Leukemia/Asian / 13 (3203/5333) / 1.03 (0.89–1.19) / 0.019/50.5 / 1.17 (0.96–1.44) / 0.416/3.0 / 1.23 (0.99–1.52) / 0.204/23.7 / 1.01 (0.88–1.17)* / 0.043/44.3
Leukemia/Indian / 3 (428/551) / 0.74 (0.56–0.98) / 0.595/0.0 / 1.08 (0.79–1.48) / 0.297/17.7 / 0.81 (0.57–1.16) / 0.653/0.0 / 0.66 (0.48–0.89) / 0.131/50.8
Lung cancer/Caucasian / 4 (4103/4869) / 0.97 (0.89–1.06) / 0.117/49.1 / 1.00 (0.87–1.16) / 0.145/44.4 / 1.02 (0.79–1.34)* / 0.069/57.6 / 0.97 (0.89–1.06) / 0.276/22.4
Lymphoma/Asian / 2 (856/2200) / 1.22 (1.03–1.43) / 0.547/0.0 / 1.60 (1.10–2.32) / 0.905/0.0 / 1.68 (1.16–2.45) / 0.989/0.0 / 1.16 (0.98–1.38) / 0.554/0.0
Multiple myeloma/Caucasian / 1 (81/294) / 1.31 (0.79–2.18) / – / 1.06 (0.48–2.33) / – / 1.24 (0.53–2.89) / – / 1.32 (0.78–2.25) / –
Multiple myeloma/Asian / 2 (369/2134) / 1.04 (0.81–1.33) / 0.858/0.0 / 1.57 (0.84–2.95) / 0.217/34.3 / 1.57 (0.83–2.97) / 0.225/32.1 / 0.99 (0.77–1.29) / 0.907/0.0
Cancer type and source of control
Bladder cancer/HB / 8 (2794/2945) / 2 / <0.001/77.4 / 0.97 (0.79–1.19) / 0.138/36.4 / 1.15 (0.76–1.74)* / 0.006/64.3 / 1.25 (0.99–1.58)* / 0.001/73.1
Brain tumor/HB / 3 (680/812) / 1.08 (0.87–1.33) / 0.385/0.0 / 0.99 (0.68–1.44) / 0.386/0.0 / 1.05 (0.71–1.55) / 0.384/0.0 / 1.09 (0.87–1.37) / 0.402/0.0
Breast cancer/HB / 20 (8043/8171) / 1.01 (0.90–1.12)* / <0.001/62.8 / 1.23 (1.05–1.44)* / 0.025/42.2 / 1.23 (1.01–1.48)* / <0.001/55.4 / 0.97 (0.87–1.08)* / 0.002/54.9
Cervical cancer/HB / 5 (744/1696) / 2 / <0.001/84.7 / 0.98 (0.33–2.96)* / 0.029/66.8 / 1.02 (0.31–3.38)* / 0.017/70.6 / 2 / <0.001/86.6
Colorectal cancer/HB / 20 (5389/7611) / 1.10 (0.96–1.25)* / <0.001/65.3 / 1.02 (0.86–1.22)* / 0.099/30.9 / 1.10 (0.85–1.34)* / 0.003/54.1 / 1.10 (0.96–1.26)* / <0.001/61.9
Colorectal cancer/PB / 20 (9550/14870) / 0.98 (0.93–1.03) / 0.123/27.6 / 0.89 (0.79–1.01)* / 0.095/31.3 / 0.89 (0.79–1.02)* / 0.099/30.9 / 1.00 (0.93–1.07) / 0.170/23.6
Gastric cancer/HB / 6 (904/1707) / 0.97 (0.81–1.16) / 0.515/0.0 / 0.86 (0.54–1.36) / 0.980/0.0 / 0.84 (0.53–1.34) / 0.981/0.0 / 0.98 (0.81–1.19) / 0.471/0.0
HNC/HB / 6 (2053/3052) / 2 / <0.001/83.6 / 2 / <0.001/83.4 / 2 / <0.001/86.5 / 0.98 (0.78–1.24)* / 0.005/70.4
Leukemia/HB / 31 (6038/8595) / 0.97 (0.88–1.08)* / <0.001/52.4 / 1.08 (0.95–1.22) / 0.339/8.0 / 1.08 (0.92–1.27)* / 0.086/26.9 / 0.95 (0.85–1.06)* / <0.001/51.9
Lung cancer/HB / 7 (3681/4581) / 1.02 (0.93–1.12) / 0.292/18.0 / 1.25 (1.03–1.52) / 0.725/0.0 / 1.25 (1.02–1.52) / 0.494/0.0 / 0.99 (0.90–1.09) / 0.488/0.0
Lymphoma/HB / 9 (1481/2768) / 1.23 (1.08–1.40) / 0.413/2.6 / 1.52 (1.02–2.27)* / 0.001/68.9 / 1.01 (1.09–2.37)* / 0.005/64.0 / 1.15 (1.01–1.32) / 0.762/0.0
Lymphoma/PB / 7 (2870/4947) / 0.98 (0.86–1.12)* / 0.085/46.0 / 1.07 (0.85–1.36)* / 0.078/47.1 / 1.06 (0.80–1.39)* / 0.028/57.7 / 0.97 (0.87–1.07) / 0.352/10.0
Multiple myeloma/HB / 3 (400/916) / 1.15 (0.89–1.48) / 0.816/0.0 / 1.45 (0.89–2.38) / 0.399/0.0 / 1.59 (0.95–2.66) / 0.549/0.0 / 1.09 (0.83–1.41) / 0.664/0.0
Pancreatic cancer/HB / 3 (769/952) / 1.01 (0.83–1.24) / 0.461/0.0 / 0.99 (0.46–2.15)* / 0.035/70.2 / 1.01 (0.47–2.17)* / 0.048/67.0 / 1.01 (0.82–1.24) / 0.648/0.0
Prostate cancer/HB / 6 (981/1489) / 0.98 (0.82–1.16) / 0.169/35.7 / 1.22 (0.71–2.09)* / 0.030/59.5 / 1.16 (0.68–2.00)* / 0.040/57.0 / 0.91 (0.76–1.10) / 0.872/0.0

1 All summary ORs were calculated using fixed-effects models. In the case of significant heterogeneity (indicated by *), ORs were calculated using random-effects models, HNC head and neck cancer, SZ sample size, the bold values indicate that the results are statistically significant

Supplementary table 3 meta-regression analysis of the main characteristics of the 265 studies

Study characteristics / Dominant model / Recessive model / CC vs AA / AC vsAA
Coef. / 95% CI / P / Coef. / 95% CI / P / Coef. / 95% CI / P / Coef. / 95% CI / P
Ethnicity / 0.010 / (–0.011; 0.319) / 0.348 / 0.018 / (–0.016; 0.053) / 0.293 / 0.019 / (–0.020; 0.060) / 0.330 / 0.005 / (–0.016; 0.025) / 0.652
Source of controls / –0.057 / (–0.118; 0.003) / 0.064 / –0.117 / (–0.210; –0.025) / 0.013 / –0.124 / (–0.234; –0.014) / 0.027 / –0.036 / (–0.092; 0.020) / 0.213
Cancer type / 0.0009 / (–0.006; 0.007) / 0.797 / 0.012 / (0.002; 0.022) / 0.014 / 0.011 / (–0.0008; 0.022) / 0.068 / –0.002 / (–0.008; 0.004) / 0.567
Sample size / –0.082 / (–0.213; 0.049) / 0.224 / 0.017 / (–0.215; 0.250) / 0.885 / 0.016 / (–0.273; 0.241) / 0.905 / –0.078 / (–0.212; 0.055) / 0.249
HWE / –0.051 / (–0.140; 0.039) / 0.265 / –0.226 / (–0.369; 0.082) / 0.002 / –0.239 / (–0.409; –0.069) / 0.006 / –0.009 / (–0.093; 0.075) / 0.828