Syllabus Matse 597 Wetting Properties of Materials: Theory and Practice

Erwin Vogler – MatSE 597cPage 105/18/2019

Draft Syllabus – Matse 597

Wetting Properties Of Materials: Theory And Practice

I INTRODUCTION

a) Course Objectives And Student Participation

i) Course Content Limitations – Emphasis On Water Wetting

ii) Web Resources, Reading, And Student Projects

iii) Evaluation Of Student Performance (Grading)

b) Manifestations Of Wetting In Nature – The Everyday Miracle

i) Bubbles, Beads, And Dribbles

ii) Capillarity

iii) Technological Importance Of Wetting In Materials Science And Commercial Relevance

c) A Historical Perspective On The Wetting Problem

i) Capillarity Before Laplace

ii) Laplace And Young

iii) Gibbs And Van Der Waals

iv) Zisman And Beyond

v) Era Of Surface Engineering

II SURFACES, INTERFACES, INTERPHASES

a) The Surface Region

i) Chemical Predicament Of Matter At The Periphery

ii) Energetic Predicament Of Matter At The Periphery

iii) Kinds Of Surfaces And Interfaces

b) Theories Of The Interface - Qualitative Aspects

i) Surfaces Of Discontinuity

(1) Implicit Assumptions Of Laplace And Young In The Days Of Phlogiston

(a) Laplace Solution To The Problem Of Capillarity

(b) The Young Equation

(2) Gibbsian Surface Thermodynamics

ii) A Region Of Continuously-Varying Component Densities

(1) Gradient Theory Of Van Der Waals

(2) Statistical Thermodynamics

iii) Surface Region As A Phase

(1) Guggenheim Treatment

c) Intermolecular Forces

i) Kinds, Magnitude, And Range

ii) Concept Of Molecular Pressure

d) Theories Of The Interface - Quantitative Aspects

i) Statistical Thermodynamics Of The Interface

ii) Gibbsian Surface Thermodynamics

iii) Guggenheim Treatment

III TENSIOMETRY – MEASUREMENT OF CONTACT ANGLES

a) Liquid-Liquid And Liquid-Vapor Interface

i) Wilhelmy Balance

ii) Dunouy Ring

iii) Pendant Drop

iv) Drop Volume

b) Solid-Liquid Interface

i) The Phenomenon Of Contact Angle Hysteresis

ii) Goniometry

iii) Wilhelmy Balance

c) Real Data

i) Lab Tour And Hands-On Measurements

ii) Calculations And Interpretations

IV THEORY OF CONTACT ANGLES AND WETTABILITY

a) Phenomenological Approaches

i) Zisman Critical Surface Tension

b) Interfacial Tension Component Theory

(1) Propagation Of Intermolecular Forces Across The Interface

(2) The Additivity Rule Of Interfacial Tension Components

(a) Fowkes Theory

(b) Combining Rules For Dispersion Forces

(i) Arithmetic Mean

(ii) Geometric Mean

(iii) Harmonic Mean

(i) Lewis Acid-Base Interactions

(ii) Monopolar Components

Theory Of Good, Van Oss, Chaudhury (Gvoc)

c) Equation Of State Theory

i) Neumann Theory

V WATER CHEMISTRY AND THE HYDROPHOBIC EFFECT

a) Self Association In Water

i) Historical Perspective

ii) Hydrogen Bonding

iii) Generalized Lewis Acid-Base

iv) Self Associated Network

b) Vicinal Water – The Idea That Won’t Go Away

i) Historical Perspective

ii) Experimental And Theoretical Evidence Or Lack Thereof

iii) Speculation On Vicinal Water Solvent Properties

iv) Relationship to Theories Of Water Wetting

c) The Hydrophobic Effect

i) Thermodynamics

(1) Entropic And Enthalpic Effects

(2) Temperature Sensitivity

ii) Hydrophobic Hydration And Self Assembly

iii) Biological And Environmental Impact Of The Hydrophobic Effect

VI AMPHILICITY AND SURFACTANCY

a) Physical Chemistry Of Adsorption

i) Physisorption

ii) Chemisorption

b) Amphilicity – A Solution-Phase Ambiguity

i) Molecular Structure And The Hydrophobic Effect

ii) Surfactants And Detergents

(1) Classes Of Synthetic Surfactants

(2) Biosurfactants

c) Adsorption To Liquid-Vapor Interfaces

i) Interfacial Energetics

ii) Concentration-Dependent Interfacial Tension

(1) Tensiometry

(2) Surface Thermodynamic Interpretation

iii) Kinetics

iv) Real Data

(1) Lab Tour And Hands-On Measurements

(2) Calculations And Interpretations

d) Adsorption To Solid-Liquid Interfaces