Test Bank

1

Survey of Historic Costume

6th Edition

Test Bank

Chapter1: Introduction

Circle or write in the best answer.

1. Sumptuary laws arelaws that regulate expenditures on luxury goods such as clothing or furnishings.

  1. true
  2. false

2. Of the various motivations for dress,which is the one generally acknowledged to be the primary motive?

  1. modesty
  2. protection
  3. decoration
  4. status

3. The earliest textile materials have beenfound by archeologists in

  1. the Middle East
  2. Africa
  3. the Western Hemisphere
  4. Asia

4. The wearing of skirts by women and ofpants-like garments by men is a custom followed by almost all cultures in almost all parts of the world.

  1. true
  2. false

5. Zeitgeist is a German word thatmeans ______.

6. Draped clothing ismore often worn in cold climates than warm climates.

  1. true
  2. false

7. The use of African-inspired printedfabrics for fashionable clothes in the 1990s is an example of______.

8. Which of the following is an accuratestatement about fashion?

  1. Fashion is a phenomenon present in all cultures and societies at all times.
  2. Fashion began in the late 19th century.
  3. Fashion appears to have originated in Western Europe during the Middle Ages.
  4. Fashion originated when fashion designers began forcing women to change their style of dress frequently.
  5. Fashion changes take place only in women's clothing.

9. Folk costume had its majordevelopment in the 18th and 19th centuries among Western European peasants.

  1. true
  2. false

10. Information about costume is moreaccurate and more plentiful after the 19th century because

  1. costume collections are likely to have actual garments from this period
  2. photography was invented in the 19th century
  3. fashion magazines began to be published in the 19th century
  4. a and c
  5. a, b, and c

11. This text defines a “theme” as ______.

Part I: The Ancient World, 3000 BCE–CE 300

Circle or write in the best answer.

1. Which of the following civilizationswere important centers of power during overlapping time periods?

  1. Sumerian, Egyptian, and Roman
  2. Babylonian, Etruscan, and Mycenean
  3. Babylonian, Egyptian, and Minoan
  4. Etruscan, Greek, and Sumerian
  5. Roman and Mycenean

2.Which garment is generally described as one that covers the torso and has an opening for the head and arms and is roughly T-shaped? ______

3. The garments of the civilizations of theancient world were, with a few notable exceptions, draped rather than tailored.

  1. true
  2. false

4. The closest modern equivalent to whatarcheologists call a “fibula” would be

  1. a veil
  2. a pair of trousers
  3. a shawl
  4. a needle for sewing
  5. a safety pin

5. Skirts were worn by both men andwomen of the ancient world.

  1. true
  2. false

Chapter 2: The Ancient Middle East, 3500–600 BCE

Circle or write in the best answer.

1. The garment that is thought to havebeen made from sheepskin or woven cloth with tufts of fleece incorporated is ______.

2. Sources of information about Sumeriancostume includeengraved markers used to impress images on clay or wax and excavation of the tomb of a queen from Ur.

  1. true
  2. false

3. The smoothly fitting garments depictedon carvings of Babylonian rulers such as Gudea are thought to be

  1. an artistic convention and not a completely accurate representation of how these garments looked on real people
  2. realistic depictions of garments from the 2nd century BCE
  3. made of silk
  4. made of cotton
  5. b and c

4. Assyrian costume for men of the royalfamily generally consisted of

  1. a tunic
  2. layers of shawls
  3. sandals
  4. jeweled earrings, bracelets, and armlets
  5. all of the above

5. In Mesopotamia, skirts and drapedgarments were replaced by more fitted tunics in the Babylonian period.

  1. true
  2. false

6. The costume of upper class Egyptianswould be differentiated from that of lower class Egyptians by ______.

7. Our knowledge about Egyptian costumeis incomplete because ______.

.

8. The name some authors give to theskirt-like garment worn by Egyptian men and women is ______.

9. Animal skins were worn by priests andkings as an upper body covering because

  1. animal hides were the only materials available
  2. they served as camouflage during hunting
  3. they believed the powers of the animal would be magically transferred to the wearer
  4. they were expensive and therefore showed the status of the wearer

10. Costume elements that are thought tohave first appeared during the New Kingdom included

  1. the sheath dress
  2. the long, flowing, pleated linen gown
  3. the tunic
  4. b and c
  5. a, b, and c

11. These new elements may have been aresult ofinvasion from abroad

  1. true
  2. false

12. Woolen garments were worn byEgyptian priests when they served in their ceremonial roles in the temples.

  1. true
  2. false

13. Which textile fiberwas most extensively used in ancient Egypt? ______

14. The differences in costume of theEgyptians and the Mesopotamians may be due to

  1. use of different types of textile fibers
  2. differences in climate
  3. differences in standards of taste
  4. differences in attitudes toward modesty
  5. all of the above

15. Which of the following were not apart of Egyptian dress?

  1. boots
  2. sashes
  3. tunics
  4. aprons
  5. beaded dresses

16. Revivals of Egyptian styles in the20th century were inspired bythe discovery of the tomb of King Tutankhamon in 1922 and an exhibition of material from the tomb of KingTuthankhamon in the 1970s.

  1. true
  2. false

17. Which of the following statementsabout the Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations is correct?

  1. Both civilizations were located on what is today called the African continent.
  2. Both produced and used silk fabrics.
  3. Both had developed a form of writing.
  4. All of the above
  5. a and c

18. The evidence found to date indicatesthat Egyptian women were tattooed.

  1. true
  2. false

Chapter 3: Crete and Greece, 2900–300 BCE

Circle or write in the best answer.

1. The Minoans lived ______.

2. The conclusion that the Minoans wentbarefoot inside of their houses comes from

  1. bare feet shown in wall paintings
  2. bare feet on statues
  3. lack of wear on the floors of the interiors of houses
  4. absence of remains of shoes in archeological excavations.

3. Which of the following are aspects ofMinoan costume that are not clear?

  1. to what extent earrings were worn
  2. how tightly fitted were men's belts
  3. how women's skirts were constructed
  4. whether fabric decoration was woven or embroidered
  5. all of the above

4. Minoans wore sheath gowns.

  1. true
  2. false

5. The costume of the Minoans and that ofthe Mycenaeans was similar.

  1. true
  2. false

6. Pleated linen garments were popularamong the Egyptians and Greeks.

  1. true
  2. false

7. Describe three characteristics of the Doric peplos.

1) ______

2) ______

3) ______

8. What is the name of the garmentfor men and women that was cut full and pinned with a number of small pins over the arms?

  1. Ionic chiton
  2. Doric peplos
  3. Doric chiton
  4. Hellenic chiton
  5. exomis

9. What is said to have been the origin ofthe Ionic chiton?

  1. revival of interest in early Greek styles
  2. Egyptian influences
  3. the attack of Athenian women against a Greek messenger bringing bad news
  4. the attack of Athenian women against their enemies
  5. Minoan influences

10. When a Greek youth set off on ajourney, he would most likely have worn______.

11. The name of the garment in whichGreekphilosophers were most likely to be depicted was ______.

12. Under his garment that showed,a philosopherwould most likely be wearing

  1. a chiton
  2. a petasos
  3. an exomis
  4. a diplax
  5. nothing

13. Infants in ancient Greece were wrappedin bands of fabric, a practice called

  1. breeching
  2. swaddling
  3. training
  4. straightening

14. The components of Greek militarycostume included a close-fitting, shaped body armor that, in modern terminology, is called:

  1. cuirass
  2. greaves
  3. shield
  4. hauberk
  5. byrnie

15. Greek theatrical costume includedtragic masks, and tall wigs for male actors and thick-soled, platform shoes for female actors.

  1. true
  2. false

16. The correct chronological order forperiods in Greek history is:

  1. Hellenic Period, Mycenaean Period, Archaic Period, Classical Period
  2. Archaic Period, Classical Period, Hellenic Period, Mycenaean Period
  3. Mycenaean Period, Archaic Period, Classical Period, Hellenic Period

17. The Hercules knot, the stephane, andlaurel wreaths were all part of Greek costume for ______.

Chapter 4: Etruria and Rome, 1800 BCE–CE 400

Circle or write in the best answer.

1. The major sources of information aboutEtruscan costume include

  1. paintings on the walls of Etruscan tombs
  2. the text of books and manuscripts found in Etruscan tombs
  3. illustrated books and manuscripts found in Etruscan tombs
  4. actual garments found in Etruscan tombs
  5. all of the above

2. Etruscan costume shows manysimilarities toEgyptian costume

a. true

b. false

3. What are the characteristics of Etruscancostume that appear to be unique or distinctive?

  1. Much Etruscan costume is more fitted than costumes in other Mediterranean cultures of the same period.
  2. The Etruscans had some distinctive wraps and cloaks.
  3. Etruscan women wore a tutulus and a special badge of status.
  4. a and b
  5. a, b, and c

4. What garment was restricted in use to male Roman citizens? ______

5. Which of the following garments wouldbe worn by a respectable married Roman woman?

  1. sagum
  2. synthesis
  3. toga
  4. bulla
  5. stola

6.Pallium, himation, chlamys, andpaludamentum all fall under the general category of ______.

7. If a Roman man said he was going to"put on the sagum" he meant that

  1. he was going out for dinner
  2. he was going to war
  3. he was going to run for office
  4. he was a senator who was going to a meeting of the Senate
  5. he was going to the public baths

8. A Roman woman who wore a saffron-colored palla, six pads of artificial hair, and a flammeum would have been a prostitute.

  1. true
  2. false

9. The fall of the Roman Empiremeant a rapid and radical change in clothing styles of those regions dominated by Rome.

  1. true
  2. false

10. Silk fabrics were

  1. known to the Etruscans
  2. known to the Romans
  3. exceptionally expensive
  4. b and c
  5. a, b, and c

11. The most elaborately cut, fitted, andpatterned garments of any of those from classical antiquity were the clothes of

  1. Greece
  2. Etruria
  3. Rome
  4. Egypt
  5. Crete

12. Match the description in column 1 with the garment name in column 2.

Column 1 / Column 2
i. _____ a loin cloth / A. toga pulla
ii. _____ a toga worn by the young sons
and daughters of the nobility / B. vitta
iii. _____ a toga worn for mourning / C. synthesis
iv. _____ a heavy, semi-circular cloak / D. toga with folded bands
v. _____ a headdress worn by married
Women / E. subligar
vi. _____ a table napkin brought by guests
when invited to dinner / F. mappa
vii. _____ a special garment worn by men
when invited to dinner parties / G. paenula
viii. _____ a band of color on the tunics of
senators and knights / H. bulla
ix. _____ a type of toga worn in late Roman
Empire / I. toga praetexta
x. _____ a locket worn by freeborn
children / J. clavus

Part II: The Middle Ages, 300–1500

Circle or write in the best answer.

1. In 330, Emperor Constantine moved the capital of the Roman Empire to Byzantium, renamed Constantinople, signaling the decline of Rome and the western portion of the empire.

a. true

b. false

2. In its history of more than a thousand years, the Byzantine Empire developed an artistic and intellectual atmosphere in which styles and ideas of both east and west were merged.

A. true

b. false

3. This person was the first European to cross the continent of Asia and leave a record of what he had seen and heard. ______

4. “A pattern of change in which certain social forms enjoy temporary acceptance and respectability only to be replaced by others”is the definition of ______.

Chapter 5: The Early Middle Ages, 300–1300

Circle or write in the best answer.

1. Which of the following statements bestdescribes the relationship between the Byzantine Empire and Europe during the period between 330 and the 10th century?

  1. European royal styles influenced the styles of the Byzantine Empire.
  2. Byzantine court styles influenced the styles of European courts.
  3. The styles of the Byzantine Empire and the styles of the European courts had no influences upon each other.

2. Cotton was the fabric most used by poorpeople during the Middle Ages.

  1. true
  2. false

3. The first European cultivation ofsilkworms andproduction of silk fiber was carried out by the ______.

4. The costume of the Byzantine Empirecombined elements of costume from Asiawith Roman dress.

  1. true
  2. false

5. The long, narrow, heavily jeweled scarfworn by the Byzantine emperor wasprobably derived from the toga with the folded bands.

  1. true
  2. false

6. Only men of the Byzantine Empire werepermitted towear the paludamentum.

  1. true
  2. false

7. One of the most important elements ofByzantine costume was

  1. parasol
  2. handkerchief
  3. jewelry
  4. face veils for women

8. Which ruler became the dominantfigure in Europe in the late 8th and early 9th centuries?______

9. Which of the following were NOT partof clericalcostume in the earlyMiddle Ages?

  1. alb
  2. chausable
  3. cope
  4. stole
  5. hauberk

10. What influences on MedievalEuropean life andcostume resulted from the crusades?______

11. By the 13th century, which of thefollowing textile fibers were available in Europe?

  1. cotton
  2. silk
  3. linen
  4. b and c
  5. a, b, and c

12. As all classes of society wore clothingcut in similar ways in the 10th and 11th centuries, class distinctions were evident in

  1. the length of the tunic
  2. the fabric of which the tunic was made
  3. the shape of the neckline
  4. a and b
  5. none of the above

13. How were married and older womendistinguished from unmarried younger women in the Middle Ages?

  1. Unmarried women wore their hair loose and uncovered.
  2. Married women wore their hair loose and uncovered.
  3. Married women wore both an over and an under tunic.
  4. Unmarried women could not wear fur-lined mantles.
  5. Unmarried women could only wear closed mantles.

14. The reason given for the developmentof long, pointed-toed shoes in the 12th century by a monk of the time was

  1. The shoes were a fashionable whim that showed that the wearer couldn't do any work.
  2. The shoe style was brought back from East Asia by crusaders.
  3. A local count wanted to hide his bunions.
  4. Women wanted to call attention to themselves.
  5. Shoemakers were trying to sell more shoes.

15. Long pointed shoes were called ______.

16. Which of the following were notstyles of the Middle Ages?

  1. parti-colored clothes
  2. hanging sleeves
  3. kalasiris
  4. magyar sleeves
  5. cowl necklines

17. Which of the following garments worn inthe Byzantine Empire were also worn during the Roman Empire?

  1. the dalmatic
  2. the tunic
  3. the lorum
  4. b and c
  5. a, b, and c

18. When the dress of the early Middle Ages iscompared with the dress of ancient Greece and Rome,which of the following are the most pronouncedchanges in clothing?

  1. Clothing was loosely fitted throughout the Medievalperiod.
  2. Clothing was constructed by cutting and sewing.
  3. Men and women wore the same styles.
  4. Classical dress was almost always white while Medieval dress was made in colors.
  5. Silk fabric was widely available.

19. Match the classifications in Column 1 with the items of clothing in Column 2. Classifications may be used more than once.

Column 1 / Column 2
a. underwear /
  1. ______barbette

b. an outer tunic /
  1. ______pelicon

c. an under tunic /
  1. ______surcote

d. an outdoor garment /
  1. ______garnache

e. an element of headdress /
  1. ______chemise

  1. ______braies

  1. ______herigaut

  1. ______cote

  1. ______wimple

  1. ______chaperon

Chapter 6: The Late Middle Ages, 1300–1500

Circle or write in the best answer.

1. The use of sections of different coloredfabrics in one garment was called ______.

2. The 14th-century garment called thepourpoint was also called ______.

3. The pourpoint

  1. originated as military dress
  2. attached to hose with strings
  3. had a padded front
  4. was made either with or without sleeves
  5. all of the above

4. Various authors define the cote-hardie indifferent ways, however they all agree that it was worn only by the clergy.

  1. true
  2. false

5. A chaperon with a liripipe was

  1. A hood with a long narrow tube of fabric at the back that was attached to a short cape.
  2. A pair of hose with leather soles that was worn instead of shoes.
  3. A belt with long, hanging tassels at the front.
  4. A type of outdoor garment that reached to the floor and was lined in fur.
  5. The same thing as a tabard.

6.Describe a houppelande. ______

7. During the 14th century what had beencalled a “cote” in women's dress was called a “gown.”

  1. true
  2. false

8. During the 14th and 15th centuriesstyles for men and women began to change much more rapidly than had been the case in earlier centuries.

  1. true
  2. false

9. If an artist of the 15th century depicted awoman in a close-fitting gown, and over this a sideless surcote with a stiffened panel in front that was decorated with a row of brooches, a contemporary viewer would know at once that

  1. the woman was an imaginary person
  2. the woman was a French queen or princess
  3. the woman was from Italy
  4. the woman was a widow
  5. the woman was on a pilgrimage

10.The 15th-century jacket was worn with ______.

11. Until they reached the age of four orfive, boys of the15th century were dressed the same way as girls.

  1. true
  2. false

12. The costume of students of the MiddleAges served as the basis for modern academic gowns.

  1. true
  2. false

13. The custom of buttoning men's coatsfrom the left overthe right probably originated from theconstruction of Medieval plate armor.

  1. true
  2. false

14. The custom of wearing black as a signof mourning was not yet established in the Medieval period.

  1. true
  2. false

15. Match the classification in Column 1 with the item of clothing in Column 2. Classifications may be used more than once.

Column 1 / Column 2
a. undergarment / i. _____ pattens
b. man's headdress / ii. _____ girdles
c. woman's headdress / iii. _____ hennin
d. accessory / iv. _____ bowl crop
e. footwear / v. _____ page boy
vi._____ chemise
vii._____ caul

16. Match the classification in Column 1 with the item of clothing in Column 2. Classifications may be used more than once.

Column 1 / Column 2
a. an outer garment worn by /
  1. ____houppelande (men or women)

b. a man's outer garment /
  1. ____ roc

c. a woman's outer garment /
  1. ____codpiece

d. a part of a garment /
  1. ____ bourrelet

e. a way of decorating a garment /
  1. ____jacket

f. a type of headdress /
  1. ____ lappet

  1. ____ plast

  1. ____dagging

Part III: The Renaissance, 1400–1600