Technical Prospectus

Substructure

Substructure and Revetment formations at different loads and use

For pedestrian traffic

  1. Compressed Stabilizer® revetment 5 cm(loosely 6.5 cm)
  2. Compressed breakstone frost –resistant substructure 15cm
    (gravel size: 0-22mm, 0-32mm)
  3. Concrete ledge
  4. Plate ledge
  5. Concrete
  6. Soil

For discontinuous vehicle traffic

  1. Compressed Stabilizer® revetment 5 cm(loosely 6.5 cm)
  2. Compressed breakstone frost –resistant substructure 15cm
    (gravel size: 0-22mm, 0-32mm)
  3. Concrete ledge
  4. Plate ledge
  5. Concrete
  6. Soil

For parking lots, driveways

  1. Compressed Stabilizer® revetment 5 cm(loosely 6.5 cm)
  2. Compressed breakstone frost –resistant substructure 35-40cm
    (gravel size: 0-22mm, 0-32mm)
  3. Concrete ledge
  4. Plate ledge
  5. Concrete
  6. Soil

Framing the trees

Formation of the tree hole

  1. Stabilizer® revetment
  2. Edge of the tree hole
  3. Compressed breakstone frost –resistant substructure 10-30cm
    (gravel size: 0-22mm, 0-32mm)
  4. Soil

After the making of water-bonding road surfaces, there are complaints from time to time, claiming that the surface is “slushy”, wet, or “muddy”. This is true for both the revetments with-, and without Stabilizer.

It is determinable during the examination of the revetment that the gravel composition is not corresponding with the rules of drainage.

It is essential to the drainage of the wearing layer to be an active capillarity between the wearing layer and the substructure. In case of many complaints, the built-in substructure shows huge water permeability, which can be considered as a sign of the problem. If there is no capillarity between the wearing layer and the substructure, that is, there is a capillary fracture, then the humidity on the surface cannot be transmitted to the substructure, and the water piles up in the wearing layer.

The capillarity between the wearing layer and the substructure is secured, when all the three gravel conditions are observed (d15TS/d85DS ≤ 5; d15TS/d15DS ≥ 5; d50TS/d50DS ≤ 25). The gravel conditions mentioned above are deducted from the TERZAGHI & PECK filtering law, and from DIN 18035, section 5(barn floor coverings).

To ensure the use of active wearing layer in reflection of capillarity when making a Stabilizer revetment, besides the requirements of water permeability, frost-resistance and carrying capacity of the substructure, the requirements of the gravel composition also has to be fulfilled! (cf. sieve curve)

Source material of the wearing layer

The source material of the Stabilizer wearing layer can be any kind of breakstone (e.g. granite, slate, limestone, etc.), but the use of glass-like materials, like quartz, is forbidden.

The size of gravel has to be between 0/4 and 0/10!

The ratio of fine material has to be between 15% and 20%!

The nature and attribution of the source material (color, size, frost-resistance) gives the whole revetment’s properties. Recycled source material cannot be used!

Making of the Stabilizer mixture

For each ton of the breakstone according to the sieve curve, you should mix between 6 and 7 kg of Stabilizer bonding material! The mixing procedure has to be done with a suitable industrial blender! Thorough, homogeneous blending is needed. Blending in a bucket or with spoon is inappropriate.

The substructure has to be checked! It has to fulfill the professional requirements, furthermore, it has to be water permeable, and shear-stable!

Preparation works

1.1. Embedding
- According to the load and basic loading capacity of the surface, you must use traditional embedding!
- You must configure and compress the embedding layers appropriately, in order to have a smooth revetment!
1.2. If the embedding is too rough, or uneven, it might be necessary to use a fine equalizer layer. In case of the permeable Stabilizer revetment, both the equalizer layer, and the embedding must be water permeable!

Integration of the Stabilizer wearing layer

The integration must be done with favorable weather conditions!

The Stabilizer wearing layer is integrated, with ground-wet humidity (at the blending station you might add some water), by machines, or manually. Integration thickness is between 4 and 6 cm in compressed status.

This revetment is suitable for heavy pedestrian-, and light vehicle use.

Integration by machines

Manual integration

Moistening

The wearing layer must be moistened until the whole depth of the Stabilizer layer is wet. The Stabilizer bonding material is activated by water. For each ton of the mixture, 100-180 liters of water is needed.

Compression

The compression of the wearing layer is done with a 1-5 ton weighted road roller. Vibration compression is inappropriate! At the verges, or unattainable places, compression must be done manually, or with a light compression plate. 8-10 rolling rounds are needed.

After rolling, the surface must be covered with water spray, or light water jet. The surface must be closed , and protected! The drying process, depending on the weather and temperature, might last for 3-15 days.

Control

The whole surface must be solid, and must not have any cracks and holes! The dried and compressed revetment must be solid throughout its whole integrated depth, and must not have any soft areas! Initially, there is no free material on the surface. As time passes, due to the weather, a fine layer of free material appears on the surface, which contributes to the aesthetic appearance of the revetment.

Use

The revetment can only be used when it’s fully dried, unless it won’t gain it’s full loading capacity, and will deform.

Drainage

The project must be carried out in a way that the water must not accumulate on the surface! You must avoid that the water flow on the revetment from the neighboring surfaces’ drainage. It is advised to use verges, and drains, unless erosion will happen on the edges.

On strongly sloping roads, and on roads with more than 10% gradient, cross-channels has to be made, in order to slow down the water flow.

Drainage with hard wood verge

  1. Hard wood verge
  2. Stabilizer wearing layer
  3. Bearing substructure
  4. Soil

Drainage with stone trough

  1. Stabilizer wearing layer
  2. Embedding concrete
  3. Bearing substructure
  4. Soil

Grassing and surface erosion

The Stabilizer bonding material can be used as soil activator, nutrition supplier, traction assist or as surface stabilizer!

  • Can be used for grassing without humus, grassing sloping areas and for pebbly lawns.
  • Soil/humus mixing with Stabilizer bonding material
    Mix the Stabilizer with the soil! The soil must be appropriate for mixing! It will gain a water permeable, compact layer of humus, which will not slide even in heavy rain.

Mixing: Mix homogeneously 5 kg Stabilizer to each m3 to the soil, for instance, with rotary cultivator, and/or with the bucket of the excavator! As the quality of the humus is varying, you have to make a trial surface with the humus available!

Stabilizer consumption in case of grassing without humus

Erosion of sloping surfaces / Per m2 / 50-100 grams
Traction assist of sloping surfaces / Per m2 / 5-10 grams
Traction assist for pebbly lawn / Per m2 / 15 grams
Roof grassing / Per m2 / 10-20 grams
Dust formation slightly incorporation / Per m2 / 20-50 grams