Study Guide for Week 29 CCA- REGS

Study Guide for Week 29 CCA- REGS

1. E ______, or change over time, is the process by which there is a gradual change in a species over time.

2. A scientific T ______is a well-supported, testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world.

3. C ______D ______was an English naturalist who made numerous observations during his travels on the B______which led him to pose a hypothesis about how life changes over time.

4. F ______are the preserved remains of ancient organisms that provide evidence for how life has changed over time.

5. Any inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s chance of survival, like webbed feet, sharp claws, or speed, is called an _A______.

6. The process whereby individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully is called N ______S ______, which Darwin nicknamed

S ______O __ T __ __ F ______

7. Structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissues are called H ______S ______.

8. Choosing to breed cows that produce the most milk or the fastest horses is termed
S ______B ______.

9. Charles Darwin’s observations of finches and turtles on the G ______Islands led to his Theory of E ______.

10. Even though the Galapagos finches share a common ancestor, they have evolved to fit the ecosystems of their individual islands. This is an example of D ______evolution.

WORD BANK: May be used more than once
Adaptation Beagle Charles Darwin
Darwinian Evolution Fossils
Galapagos Homologous Structures Natural Selection
Selective Breeding Survival of the Fittest Theory

Above is a map of the Galapagos Islands and some of the tortoises that live there. Tortoises eat plants (herbivores.) On one island, plants grow higher off the ground. Which island do you think this is?

Isabela Island Hood Island

EXPLAIN why you chose the island you did? ______

______

______

Natural Selection: Name the steps in natural selection

______: far more turtles are produced than can survive

______: members of the same species have different lengths of necks due to

mutations

______: the longer necked (variation) tortoises are better adapted to

survive to reach more of the available food in their environment

______: the better adapted turtles are able to reproduce passing along the

new longer neck more successful traits to their offspring

Adaptations: Match the definition to the vocabulary term below:

1.  _____ Structural Adapation a. Looking like something dangerous to avoid

i.  being eaten

2.  _____ Behavioral Adaptation b. How an organism acts that makes it better

i.  able to survive in its environment

3.  _____ Physiological Adaptation c. How an organism looks or is built that enables

i.  it to survive in its environment

4.  _____ Mimicry d. Blending into the surroundings to avoid

i.  detection (getting eaten!)

5.  _____ Camouflage e. A particular way an organisms’ body works

i.  that allows it to survive in its

ii. environment

Types of Adaptations: Complete the chart. Use the phrase/word list below.

Structural / Physiological / Behavioral

PHASE/WORD LIST

building a web moving in herds regulation of blood flow hollow bones

migration playing dead nocturnal finding shelter

gathering food webbed feet gills in fish xylem in plants

body shape birds beak shape camouflage regulation of body temperature

bird flying hibernation water holding frog producing/spitting venom

Mendel’s Genetics:

One of the traits of pea plants that Mendel observed was seed shape. The seeds were either round or wrinkled. Mendel observed that round seed shape (R) was dominate to wrinkled shape (r).

Complete the punnett square to show the possible offspring of two heterozygous pea plants. Then answer the questions that follow.

1.  What two forms of the trait for seed shape did Mendel observe? ______

2.  What was the phenotype for seed shape of both parent plants? ______

3.  What percentage of the possible types of offspring had the same genotype as the parents? ______

4.  What percentage of the possible types of offspring were homozygous? ______

5.  What percentage of the possible types of offspring had the same phenotypes as the parents? ______

Complete the Venn Diagram for Asexual and Sexual Reproduction. Use the word list below.

Use the following ANSWER BANK to fill in Venn Diagram above:
Offspring are created DNA passes from parent(s) to offspring
1 parent 2 parents
Diverse offspring Uniform offspring
Siblings are not exact copies Siblings are exact copies
Exact copy of parent Not identical to parent
Requires sex cells (egg & sperm) No sex cells (egg & sperm)

Short Answer Questions:

1. What is selective breeding?______

______

2.Explain what an inherited trait is and give an example.______

______

3.Explain what an acquired trait is and give an example. ______

______