Study Guide for Chapter 18Name ______

Study Guide for Chapter 18Name ______

1. If scientists are studying herons, cord grass and marsh crabs but not the rocks or water in a salt marsh, what level of organization would they be studying? ______
2. Animals that eat a variety of meats, fruits and vegetables are called ______
3. Animals that eat other animals are called ______
4. All life is connected by the transfer of energy and matter among organisms and their environments is known as a ______
5. Two members of the same species fight over who gets a certain food. Members of different species try to take over a certain nesting area. Both of these are examples of ______
6. Because animals need resources to survive, limiting factors determine an area’s ______
7. A diagram with arrows showing energy flow from grass, to a rabbit to a fox is called a ______
8. A study of species of freshwater fish showed that water temperature is an important abiotic factor in the species’ survival. The lower lethal limit is zero degrees and the upper lethal limit is 40 degrees. What is the temperature range of tolerance and survival for these fish? ______
9. What is the primary source of all energy in an ecosystem? ______
10. What is a type of an organism that converts solar energy to chemical energy (sunlight converts to food)? ______
11. Water, soil and temperature are all factors of which part of the environment? ______
12. A local gardener found small green aphids sucking the juices from a clover bush. This causes the bush to lose nutrients. What type of ecological relationship exists between the aphids and the clover bush? ______
13. A colony of bees was observed feeding on nectar while pollinating plants. What type of ecological relationship exists between the bees and the plant? ______
14. The sea anemone provides protection for the clown fish and the fish provides food for the sea anemone. What type of symbiosis is this? ______
15. What type of organism eats only plants? ______
16. A drawing that shows overlapping food chains of an ecosystem, linked together is called a ______
17. A drawing showing levels of decreasing amounts of energy with producers on the bottom level is called a ______
18. A fish that eats small fish and decaying matter. This consumer could be called a ______or a ______
19. List the levels of organization in the correct order from smallest to largest:

______

Using the food web shown, answer the following questions:

1. What is the energy source for both deer and tree frogs? ______
2. For what organisms can the jackrabbit provide energy? ______
3. What organisms in the food web have arrows pointing away from them and no arrows pointing toward them? They are ______
4. Why aren’t there any arrows pointing away from the mountain lion? ______
5. What organisms could provide energy for the raven? ______

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1. List one food chain that can be found is this food web. ______