Status Assessment of Drinking Water Quality in Jampuijala,Mandai and Khumlung(Jirania) Block of Tripura
1.0 Introduction :
The ground water is the most prime water which have multipurpose uses ranging from drinking to industrial and agricultural uses. Ground water is used for public water supply either because adequate surface water resources are not widely available or because it is cheaper to produce.
Today human activities are constantly adding industrial, domestic and agricultural wastes to ground water reservoirs at an alarming rate. Ground water contamination is generally irreversible i.e. once it is contaminated, it is difficult to restore the original water quality of the aquifer. Excessive mineralization of ground water degrades water quality producing an objectionable taste, odour and excessive hardness. Although the soil mantle through which water passes acts as an adsorbent retaining a large part of colloidal and soluble ions with its cation exchange capacity, the ground water is not completely free from the menace of chronic pollution. Ground water contamination with arsenic, iron, fluoride and nitrate poses serious health hazards to large sector of communities all over the world.
The present study was undertaken to assess the ground water quality of Jampuijala, Mandai and Khumlung ( Jirania ) block of Tripura.
2.0 State Profile :
Tripura is one of the smallest states of North East India. The State of Tripura is situated in the eastern part of India and surrounded by Bangladesh on the West, South and North. Its Northeastern and Eastern boundary is demarcated by Assam and Mizoram respectively. The state lies between 22056’ to 24032’ North latitude and 91009’ to 92020’ East longitude with an aerial extent 10,491.69 sq. km.The population of the state as per the 2001 census data is about 31,91,168.
The state has four administrative districts namely West Tripura, South Tripura, North Tripura & Dhalai; 15 Sub-Divisions, 40 Blocks and 14 Towns including Nagar Panchayats. Agartala is the state Capital and Udaipur, Kailashahar and Ambassa are the district Headquarters.
3.0 Objective :
The present investigation is aimed to study the ground water quality in different parts of Jampuijala block, Mandai block and Khumlung ( Jirania block) area. In this area people use ground water for drinking purposes.
4.0 Methodology :
In order to assess the groundwater quality in different parts of Jumpuijala, Mandai & Khumlung (Jirania) blocks of the State, a scientific team of Tripura State Pollution Control Board collected the groundwater samples from different areas of Jampuijala, Mandai, Khumkung during November 2003 & analyzed the different parameters of the groundwater quality in the Laboratory of Tripura State Pollution Control Board.
The Physico-Chemical quality of drinking water was analyzed using the standard methods given in APHA ( American Public Health Association)
5.0 Study Areas :
For this purpose the following locations were selected in Jumpaijala, Mandai, and Khumlung Block of Tripura( Given in Table-1).
Table : 1
Name of the Block / Location / Type of the WaterJampuijala, West Tripura / Hridoy colony / Shallow Tube Well
Kalikanta para / Shallow Tube Well
House of Kumar Debbarma / Shallow Tube Well
House of Swapan Debbarma
Gurudayal para / Shallow Tube Well
House of Sushil Debbarma
Gurudayal para / Shallow Tube Well
House of Sudhan Debbarma, Sangatram para / Shallow Tube Well
Falguna para / Shallow Tube Well
Sangatrampara / DeepTube Well
Vivekananda Kalyan Ashram / Mark II
Mandai, West Tripura / Chargaria / Mud Well
Dinabandhu Sadhu para / Ring Well
Nabin Sadhu para / Mud Well
Rabikumarpara / Mud Well
Gachia / Ring Well
Old Bazar / Ring Well
Debcharanpara / Mud Well
Mandai Hospital / Mark-II
Khumlung, West Tripura / Dukmali / Mud Well
Bidhyacharan para / Tube Well
GangaramPara / Ring Well
Market place / Tube Well
I.S. office / Mark-II
Khumpui Academy / Mark-II
Ramthnath thakur Para / Mark-II
Forest Chowmuhani / Mark-II
6.0 Observation :
6.1Jampuijala Groundwater Sample :
The observation of the physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater samples of different areas of Jampuijala are given in Table – 2 & 3 at pages 5 & 6 ( figure – 1 to 3 at page 11 & 12 )
From the table it is observed that the turbidity of groundwater samples of the house of Kumar Debbarma (7 NTU), Sangatram Para (12 NTU), Falguna para (22 NTU) & Vivekananda Kalyan Ashram(14NTU) of Jampuijala exceeds the standard limit while the rest are within the standard limit. The standard limit of turbidity is 5 NTU.
The standard limit of iron prescribed by WHO and ISI is 1.0 mg/l and 0.3 mg/l respectively. It is found from the Table that the iron content of all the samples are within the standard limit.
It is also found that Arsenic is absent in all the groundwater samples of Jampuijala.
Rest of the parameters like conductivity, alkalinity, BOD, sulphate, hardness, calcium, magnesium, phosphate and chloride etc. remain within the permissible limit.
6.2Mandai Groundwater Sample :
The observation of the physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater samples of different village areas of Mandai are given in Table – 4 & 5 at pages 7 & 8
( figure – 4 to 6 at pages 13 & 14 )
From the table it is observed that the colour of the water sample(Mark II) of Mandai Hospital is extremely high (43.2 1/m), whereas the standard limit prescribed by WHO & ISI is 5 1/m. Rest of the groundwater samples are within the prescribed limit.
It is also observed from the table that the groundwater sample Mandai Hospital is highly turbid (291 NTU). The prescribed standard of turbidity is 5 NTU. The turbidity of groundwater samples of Dinabandhu Para (8 NTU), Nabinsadhu Para (15 NTU), Gachia (9 NTU), Old Bazar area (6 NTU) are also beyond the standard limit.
The Standard limit of COD is 10 mg/l prescribed by WHO. Except the groundwater sample of Dinabandhu Para, in all the samples of Mandai, COD is nil. The COD value of Dinabandhu Para is 23 mg/l.
The iron contents of all the groundwater samples of Mandai are below the prescribed standard limit except that in water sample of Mandai Hospital which is 13 mg/l iron. The standard limit of Iron prescribed by WHO & ISI is 1.0 mg/l & 0.3 mg/l. It is also seen that the iron content of the water sample of Chargaria is nil.
It is also found that Arsenic is absent in all the groundwater samples of Mandai.
Rest of the parameters like conductivity, alkalinity, BOD, sulphate, hardness, calcium, magnesium, phosphate and chloride etc. remain within the permissible limit.
6.3Khumlung Groundwater samples :
The observation of the physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater samples of different village areas of Khumlung are given in Table – 6 & 7 pages 9 & 10
( figure– 7 to 9 at pages 15 & 16)
From the table it is found that the colour of the groundwater sample of I.S. Office (9.3 1/m) & Khumpui Acadamy (17.3 1/m) of Khumlung is above the standard limit, while rest of the samples have the colour below the standard limit. The prescribed standard of colour is 5 1/m.
The prescribed standard of turbidity is 5 NTU. It is observed from the table that the groundwater sample of I.S.Office and Khumpui Acadamy is highly turbid. The turbidity of water samples of I.S.Office , Khumpui Acadamy & Forest Chowmuhani are 63 NTU,117 NTU & 7 NTU respectively. Except these, remaining are within the standard limit.
The iron contents of the groundwater samples of I.S. Office (9.5 mg/l) & Khumpui Academy (5.1 mg/l) are very high with respect to standard limit. The standard value of iron prescribed by WHO & ISI is 1.0 mg/l & 0.3 mg/l respectively. But it is also observed that the iron is absent in the sample of Gangaram Para, Khumlung Market area and Ramthakur Para. Remaining water samples are within the standard limit.
It is also found that Arsenic is absent in all the groundwater samples of Mandai.
Rest of the parameters like conductivity, alkalinity, BOD, sulphate, hardness, calcium, magnesium, phosphate and chloride etc. remain within the permissible limit.
PYSICO-CHEMICAL RESULTS OF GROUND WATER SAMPLES OF DIFFERENT LOCATIONS AT JAMPUIJALA, WEST TRIPURA
Date of Collection of Water Samples : 19.11.2003
Table – 2
Sl No /Parameters
/GW1
/GW2
/ GW3 / GW4 / GW5 / Standard (WHO)(DW) / Standard
(India)
(DW)
1 / Temperatures (0C) / 29 / 25 / 26 / 27 / 26.5 / - / -
2 / Total Suspended Solid (mg/l) / 10 / 8 / 8 / 10 / 10 / - / -
3 / Total Dissolved Solid (mg/l) / 166 / 134 / 96 / 100 / 128 / 500 / 500
4 / Total Volatile Solid (mg/l) / 30 / 84 / 14 / 26 / 12 / - / -
5 / Total Fixed Solid (mg/l) / 136 / 50 / 82 / 74 / 116 / - / -
6 / pH / 7.51 / 7.30 / 7.27 / 6.32 / 7.43 / 6.5-9.2 / 6.5-8.5
7 / Colour (1/m) / 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.9 / 0.3 / 0.1 / - / 5
8 / Turbidity (NTU) / Nil / 3 / 7 / 4 / 2 / - / 5
9 / Conductivity
( mho/cm) / 129 / 87 / 74 / 98 / 94 / - / 700
10 / Phenolphthalein Alkalinity (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / - / -
11 / Alkalinity (mg/l) / 81.08 / 54.05 / 49.55 / 9.00 / 58.56 / - / 200
12 / DO (mg/l) / 4.26 / 5.39 / 4.41 / 6.47 / 5.98 / - / -
13 / BOD (mg/l) / 0.16 / Nil / 0.95 / 1.06 / Nil / 6 / -
14 / COD (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 10 / -
15 / Sulfate (mg/l) / 8.33 / 8.03 / 8.48 / 8.03 / 8.18 / - / 200
16 / Total Hardness(mg/l) / 60.30 / 30.15 / Nil / Nil / 15.08 / 500 / 300
17 / Calcium (mg/l) / 10.07 / 8.06 / Nil / Nil / 4.03 / 100 / 75
18 / Magnesium (mg/l) / 8.55 / 2.44 / Nil / Nil / 1.22 / 150 / 30
19 / Phosphate (mg/l) / 0.076 / 0.046 / 0.007 / 0.016 / 0.041 / - / -
20 / Arsenic (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 0.05 / 0.05
21 / Iron (mg/l) / 0.09 / 0.05 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 0.03 / 1.0 / 0.3
22 / Chloride(mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / 24.11 / Nil / 500 / 250
Locations:
GW1 : Shallow Tube Well, Hridoy colony,Jampuijala,West Tripura.
GW2 : Shallow Tube Well, Kalikanta para, Jampuijala, West Tripura.
GW3 : Shallow Tube Well, House of Kumar Debbarma. Jampuijala, West Tripura.
GW4 : Shallow Tube Well, House of Swapan Debbarma, Gurudayal para, Jampuijala,
WestTripura.
GW5 : Shallow Tube Well, House of Swapan Debbarma, Gurudayal para, Jampuijala,
West Tripura.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL RESULTS OF GROUND WATER SAMPLES OF DIFFERENT LOCATIONS AT JAMPUIJALA,WEST TRIPURA.
Date of Collection of Water Samples : 19.11.2003
Table - 3
Sl No /Parameters
/GW6
/GW7
/ GW8 / GW9 / Standard (WHO)(DW) / Standard
(India)
(DW)
1 / Temperatures (0C) / 26.5 / 26 / 25 / 27 / - / -
2 / Total Suspended Solid (mg/l) / 18 / 22 / 8 / 20 / - / -
3 / Total Dissolved Solid (mg/l) / 70 / 174 / 154 / 64 / 500 / 500
4 / Total Volatile Solid (mg/l) / 62 / 14 / 100 / 32 / - / -
5 / Total Fixed Solid (mg/l) / 8 / 160 / 54 / 32 / - / -
6 / pH / 6.90 / 7.90 / 7.52 / 7.54 / 6.5-9.2 / 6.5-8.5
7 / Colour (1/m) / 2.0 / 4.9 / 0.3 / 2.8 / - / 5
8 / Turbidity (NTU) / 12 / 22 / 1 / 14 / - / 5
9 / Conductivity
( mho/cm) / 39 / 147 / 128 / 64 / - / 700
10 / Phenolphthalein Alkalinity (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / - / -
11 / Alkalinity (mg/l) / 27.03 / 99.19 / 76.58 / 31.53 / - / 200
12 / DO (mg/l) / 5.83 / 1.86 / 2.1 / 4.75 / - / -
13 / BOD (mg/l) / Nil / 0.88 / 0.34 / 1.14 / 6 / -
14 / COD (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 10 / -
15 / Sulfate (mg/l) / 7.88 / 8.78 / 8.48 / 9.85 / - / 200
16 / Hardness (mg/l) / Nil / 60.30 / 20.10 / Nil / 500 / 300
17 / Calcium (mg/l) / Nil / 20.14 / 6.04 / Nil / 100 / 75
18 / Magnesium (mg/l) / Nil / 2.44 / 1.22 / Nil / 150 / 30
19 / Phosphate (mg/l) / 0.022 / 0.038 / 0.065 / 0.029 / - / -
20 / Arsenic (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 0.05 / 0.05
21 / Iron (mg/l) / 0.16 / 0.79 / 0.05 / 0.21 / 1.0 / 0.3
22 / Chloride (mg/l) / Nil / 7.23 / Nil / Nil / 500 / 250
Locations:
GW6 : Shallow Tube Well,House ofSushil Debbarma, Sangatram para, Jampuijala,
West Tripura.
GW7 : Shallow Tube Well, Falguna para, Jampuijala, West Tripura.
GW8 : Shallow Tube Well, Sangatrampara, Jampuijala, West Tripura.
GW9 : Shallow Tube Well, Vivekananda Kalyan Ashram, Jampuijala, West Tripura.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL RESULTS OF GROUND WATER SAMPLES OF DIFFERENT LOCATIONS AT MANDAI, WEST TRIPURA.
Date of Collection of Water Samples : 18.11.2003
Table - 4
Sl No /Parameters
/GW1
/GW2
/ GW3 / GW4 / Standard (WHO)(DW) / Standard
(India)
(DW)
1 / Temperatures (0C) / 25 / 26 / 25.5 / 23 / - / -
2 / Total Suspended Solid (mg/l) / 18 / 6 / 10 / 18 / - / -
3 / Total Dissolved Solid (mg/l) / 44 / 132 / 138 / 124 / 500 / 500
4 / Total Volatile Solid (mg/l) / 38 / 50 / 42 / 54 / - / -
5 / Total Fixed Solid (mg/l)) / 6 / 82 / 96 / 70 / - / -
6 / pH / 6.52 / 7.83 / 7.27 / 8.28 / 6.5-9.2 / 6.5-8.5
7 / Colour (1/m) / 0.6 / 1.2 / 2.4 / 0.5 / - / 5
8 / Turbidity (NTU) / 3 / 8 / 15 / 2 / - / 5
9 / Conductivity
( mho/cm) / 41 / 172 / 200 / 190 / - / 700
10 / Phenolphthalein Alkalinity (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / - / -
11 / Alkalinity (mg/l) / 13.51 / 76.58 / 31.53 / 81.15 / - / 200
12 / DO (mg/l) / 5.2 / 3.73 / 4.56 / 4.31 / - / -
13 / BOD (mg/l) / 1.08 / 0.54 / 0.74 / 0.39 / 6 / -
14 / COD (mg/l) / Nil / 23 / Nil / Nil / 10 / -
15 / Sulfate (mg/l) / 14.10 / 12.12 / 11.82 / 10.45 / - / 200
16 / Hardness (mg/l) / 60.30 / 110.55 / 50.25 / 45.23 / 500 / 300
17 / Calcium (mg/l) / 6.04 / 24.17 / 12.10 / 14.10 / 100 / 75
18 / Magnesium (mg/l) / 10.1 / 12.21 / 4.88 / 2.44 / 150 / 30
19 / Phosphate (mg/l) / 0.001 / 0.099 / 0.021 / 0.017 / - / -
20 / Arsenic (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 0.05 / 0.05
21 / Iron (mg/l) / Nil / 0.03 / 0.22 / 0.12 / 1.0 / 0.3
22 / Chloride (mg/l) / Nil / 7.23 / 45.80 / 21.70 / 500 / 250
Locations:
GW1 : Mud Well, Chargaria,Mandai, West Tripura.
GW2 : Ring Well, Dinabandhu Sadhu para, Mandai ,West Tripura.
GW3 : Mud Well, Nabin Sadhu para, Mandai, West Tripura.
GW4 : Mud Well, Rabikumarpara, Mandai, West Tripura.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL RESULTS OF GROUND WATER SAMPLES OF DIFFERENT LOCATIONS AT MANDAI, WEST TRIPURA.
Date of Collection of Water Samples : 18.11.2003
Table - 5
Sl No /Parameters
/GW5
/GW6
/ GW7 / GW8 / Standard (WHO)(DW) / Standard
(India)
1 / Temperatures (0C) / 28 / 29.5 / 24 / 30 / - / -
2 / Total Suspended Solid (mg/l) / 6 / 6 / 2 / 74 / - / -
3 / Total Dissolved Solid (mg/l) / 148 / 44 / 80 / 36 / 500 / 500
4 / Total Volatile Solid (mg/l) / 24 / 20 / 18 / 12 / - / -
5 / Total Fixed Solid (mg/l) / 124 / 24 / 62 / 24 / - / -
6 / pH / 7.88 / 6.74 / 7.25 / 7.54 / 6.5-9.2 / 6.5-8.5
7 / Colour (1/m) / 0.9 / 0.7 / 0.4 / 43.2 / - / 5
8 / Turbidity (NTU) / 9 / 6 / 3 / 291 / - / 5
9 / Conductivity
( mho/cm) / 220 / 55 / 114 / 66 / - / 700
10 / Phenolphthalein Alkalinity (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / - / -
11 / Alkalinity (mg/l) / 81.10 / 18.02 / 54.10 / 40.54 / - / 200
12 / DO (mg/l) / 2.65 / 1.76 / 1.62 / Nil / - / -
13 / BOD (mg/l) / 1.47 / 0.73 / 0.35 / Nil / 6 / -
14 / COD (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 10 / -
15 / Sulfate (mg/l) / 12.12 / 9.70 / 8.48 / 9.10 / - / 200
16 / Hardness (mg/l) / 50.25 / Nil / Nil / Nil / 500 / 300
17 / Calcium (mg/l) / 8.05 / Nil / Nil / Nil / 100 / 75
18 / Magnesium (mg/l) / 7.33 / Nil / Nil / Nil / 150 / 30
19 / Phosphate (mg/l) / 0.018 / 0.008 / Nil / Nil / - / -
20 / Arsenic (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 0.05 / 0.05
21 / Iron (mg/l) / 0.20 / 0.03 / 0.11 / 13.0 / 1.0 / 0.3
22 / Chloride (mg/l) / 24.11 / 7.23 / 12.05 / Nil / 500 / 250
Locations:
GW5 : Ring Well, Gachia, Mandai ,West Tripura.
GW6 : Ring Well, Old Bazar, Mandai, West Tripura.
GW7 : Mud Well, Debcharanpara, Mandai, West Tripura.
GW8 : Mark-II, Mandai Hospital, West Tripura.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL RESULTS OF GROUND WATER SAMPLES OF DIFFERENT LOCATIONS AT KHUMLUNG, WEST TRIPURA.
Date of Collection of Water Samples : 21.11.2003
Sl No /Parameters
/GW1
/GW2
/ GW3 / GW4 / Standard (WHO)(DW) / Standard
(India)
(DW)
1 / Temperatures (0C) / 26 / 26 / 25 / 26 / - / -
2 / Total Suspended Solid (mg/l) / 10 / 4 / 6 / 2 / - / -
3 / Total Dissolved Solid (mg/l) / 58 / 50 / 50 / 50 / 500 / 500
4 / Total Volatile Solid (mg/l) / 22 / 32 / 16 / 24 / - / -
5 / Total Fixed Solid (mg/l) / 36 / 18 / 34 / 26 / - / -
6 / pH / 6.97 / 7.13 / 6.74 / 6.52 / 6.5-9.2 / 6.5-8.5
7 / Colour (1/m) / 0.4 / 0.9 / 0.3 / 0.8 / - / 5
8 / Turbidity (NTU) / 3 / 2 / 5 / 1 / - / 5
9 / Conductivity
( mho/cm) / 72 / 28 / 40 / 28 / - / 700
10 / Phenolphthalein Alkalinity (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / - / -
11 / Alkalinity (mg/l) / 20.27 / 18.02 / 13.51 / 13.51 / - / 200
12 / DO (mg/l) / 6.05 / 5.27 / 4.54 / 7.76 / - / -
13 / BOD (mg/l) / 0.54 / 0.64 / 0.25 / 2.1 / 6 / -
14 / COD (mg/l) / Nil / 4 / Nil / Nil / 10 / -
15 / Sulfate (mg/l) / 8.64 / 8.48 / 8.33 / 8.03 / - / 200
16 / Hardness (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 500 / 300
17 / Calcium (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 100 / 75
18 / Magnesium (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 150 / 30
19 / Phosphate (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / - / -
20 / Arsenic (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 0.05 / 0.05
21 / Iron (mg/l) / 0.15 / 0.19 / Nil / Nil / 1.0 / 0.3
22 / Chloride (mg/l) / 14.46 / Nil / 9.64 / Nil / 500 / 250
Table - 6
Locations:
GW1 : Mud Well, Dukmali, Khumlung, West Tripura.
GW2 : Tube Well, Bidhyacharan para, Khumlung, West Tripura.
GW3 : Ring Well, GangaramPara, Khumlung ,West Tripura.
GW4 : Tube Well, Market place, Khumlung, West Tripura.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL RESULTS OF GROUND WATER SAMPLES OF DIFFERENT LOCATIONS AT KHUMLUNG, WEST TRIPURA.
Date of Collection of Water Samples : 21.11.2003
Table -7
Sl No /Parameters
/GW5
/GW6
/ GW7 / GW8 / Standard (WHO)(DW) / Standard
(India)
(DW)
1 / Temperatures (0C) / 26.5 / 26 / 28 / 26 / - / -
2 / Total Suspended Solid (mg/l) / 50 / 42 / Nil / 4 / - / -
3 / Total Dissolved Solid (mg/l) / 40 / 104 / 34 / 46 / 500 / 500
4 / Total Volatile Solid (mg/l) / 14 / 4 / 4 / 4 / - / -
5 / Total Fixed Solid (mg/l) / 36 / 100 / 30 / 42 / - / -
6 / pH / 7.16 / 7.59 / 6.85 / 6.81 / 6.5-9.2 / 6.5-8.5
7 / Colour (1/m) / 9.3 / 17.3 / 0.2 / 1.3 / - / 5
8 / Turbidity (NTU) / 63 / 117 / 1 / 7 / - / 5
9 / Conductivity
( mho/cm) / 24 / 104 / 19.8 / 29 / - / 700
10 / Phenolphthalein Alkalinity (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / - / -
11 / Alkalinity (mg/l) / 22.52 / 58.56 / 9.0 / 13.51 / - / 200
12 / DO (mg/l) / 3.51 / 0.29 / 5.37 / 4.88 / - / -
13 / BOD (mg/l) / 1.66 / Nil / 0.20 / 0.20 / 6 / -
14 / COD (mg/l) / 10 / 5 / 3 / Nil / 10 / -
15 / Sulfate (mg/l) / 9.24 / 13.94 / 8.33 / 8.64 / - / 200
16 / Hardness (mg/l) / Nil / 60.30 / Nil / Nil / 500 / 300
17 / Calcium (mg/l) / Nil / 10.07 / Nil / Nil / 100 / 75
18 / Magnesium (mg/l) / Nil / 8.55 / Nil / Nil / 150 / 30
19 / Phosphate (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / - / -
20 / Arsenic (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 0.05 / 0.05
21 / Iron (mg/l) / 9.50 / 5.10 / Nil / 0.19 / 1.0 / 0.3
22 / Chloride (mg/l) / Nil / Nil / Nil / Nil / 500 / 250
Locations:
GW5 : Mark-II, I.S. office, Khumlung, West Tripura.
GW6 : Mark-II, Khumpui Academy, Khumlung , West Tripura.
GW7 : Mark-II, Ramnath thakur Para, Khumlung, West Tripura.
GW8 : Mark-II, Forest Chowmuhani, Khumlung , West Tripura.
7.0 Conclusion :
Jampuijala Groundwater Status :
From the results of ground water sample study, it was found that the water quality of different samples collected from Jampuijala block are in general suitable for drinking purposes. But four samples collected from the house of Kumar Debbarma (shallow tube well), Sangatrampara (shallow tube well) ,Falguna para (shallow tube well) and Vivekananda Kalyan Ashram (shallow tube well) had shown high turbidity from the standard limit of drinking water.
Mandai Groundwater Status :
From the observation it was found that the water of Mark-II tube well situated at Mandai hospital is not suitable for drinking purposes due to high colour, high turbidity and high iron content much above the prescribed standard limit of drinking water.
The Samples collected from Dinabandhu para (Ring well) and Old Bazar (Ring well) are not suitable for drinking purposes due to high turbidity. The Water quality of Dinabandhu para Ring Well is not suitable for drinking purpose due to high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD).
Khumlung Groundwater Status :
The water samples collected from Mark-II tube well at I. S. office, Khumlung and Khumpui Academy are not suitable for drinking purposes due to the presence of high colour, turbidity and iron with respect to the standard limit of drinking water. The Water samples collected from other locations namely Dukmali( Mud well), Bidhyacharan para (Shallow tube well), Gangaram para( Ring well), Ramthakur para ( Mark-II) and Forest Chowmuhani ( Mark-II) are suitable for drinking purposes.
1
Tripura State Pollution Control Board