MIS 499Case Analysis GuidelinesPage 1 of 6
Solving Case Problems
Case problems present a unique opportunity to view computers and automation in a somewhat “real-world” setting. Cases, due to their basic nature of constant adjustment and change, are never really solved. At best, the student can only offer the most logical and reasonable solutions. There is not a right or wrong answer that is “set in concrete”.
Systems Approach to Cases
By following this general step-by-step approach to case analysis, all factors and variables should emerge. Each case may “fall into place’ a little differently, but in most instances, the systems approach ensure that all parameters have been considered.
- Recognize the problem
- separate problems from symptoms
- Gather information
- start where the symptoms were discovered and then move to the big picture
- Define the problem
- consider the objectives of the organization
- Generate alternative solutions
- alternatives aid in solving the case
- Evaluate each alternative
- each must be economically, technically and organizationally possible
- Design the systems
- consider the best alternative and briefly offer a basic design
- Plan the implementation
- what actions need to be taken, by whom, what resources are needed, are time and money available
- Evaluate the design and implementation plan
- look for flaws and needed adjustments
Checklist for Case Analysis
Action Skills Reinforced by Cases
- Think clearly in complex, ambiguous situations
- Devise reasonable, consistent, creative action plans
- Apply quantitative tools when applicable.
- Recognize the significance of information.
- Determine vital missing information.
- Communicate orally individually or in groups
- Write clear, forceful, convincing reports
- Apply personal values to organizational decisions.
Student Responsibilities in Case Learning
- Experience case situation
- Enjoy yourself
- Enter the case discussion
- Help manage the group discussion
- Attend class regularly.
- Master the facts before the discussion starts.
- Respect the opinion of other students.
Initial Dissatisfactions with Case Learning
- cases have no unique answer
- information is ambiguous and contradictory
- the issue is not stated
- information is redundant and irrelevant
- the case is not solved
- note taking is difficult
- instructor only directs
Do’s for Case Discussions
- Prepare before class
- Push your ideas
- Listen to others
- Keep an open mind
- Relate special problems to the class
- Relate outside experiences
- Relate past cases in course.
- Be provocative
- Bring outside research
- Summarize
- Prepare special issues
- Recognize flow of discussion
- Be constructive
- Be brief
- Take the offensive when necessary
- Evaluate your own participation
- Learn from other students
Don’ts for Case Discussion
- Do not make sudden topic changes
- Do not repeat yourself
- Do not repeat others
- Do not use unfair hindsight
- Do not be put off by a bad experience
- Do not overplay on theme
Problem Identification Advice
- Do not confuse symptoms with problems
- Do not make premature evaluations
- Do not blindly apply stereotypes to new problems
- Do not accept information at face value
- Consider multiple causes
Problem Statement Advice
- State problem explicitly
- Aim at significance
- Distinguish short-run and long-run aspects
Implementation considerations
- Limitations of personnel
- Control systems
- Motivation behavior
- Contingency plans
Behavioral Issues in Case Analysis
- Examine individuals
- Difficulties encountered in group decision-making
- Power and control in groups
Organization of Case Report
- Analysis of case should be as follows:
- Background materials and facts
- Statement of problem
- Analysis
- Solution and implementation
Using Case Worksheets
Consider the following breakdown as you read through the case. After the worksheets have been completed and provided you with some “brainstorming”, answer the five questions that are offered with the case.
- Identify the Problem
Separate the symptoms from the problems
Focus on reasonable areas to be addressed
Set boundaries
Look for underlying causes
- Relevant Information
Single out “distracters”
Consider customer/clients
Identify competition
Separate fact from fiction
Identify missing or incomplete information
- Environment Analysis
Uniqueness of situation
Set versus variable factors
Locations, time, culture should be considered
Type of organization or business
Legal, political, economic variables
- Main Problem Areas
Further define the problems
Identify the most critical areas that should be addressed first
Prioritize problems from high to low
Eliminate minor problems
- Alternatives
Offer several viable alternatives
Give pros and cons of each alternative
Each alternative should lead to solution
Brainstorm various alternatives
- Possible Solutions
Evaluate tangible and intangible factors of each solution
What are the “people problems” involved
Offer advantages and disadvantages of each solution
Rate solutions in terms of economics, technical resources, feasibility
Dream “big” but settle for “realistic”
- Recommendations (The Bottom Line)
Select one alternative to be designed and offer justification
Plan the implementation
Describe actions to take, resources needed, sequence of tasks, time table, available personnel and training
Plan for evaluation and updates
Is the problem solved or merely “bandaided” or postponed?
Forcht, K.A., (1994), Management Information Systems: A Casebook.Orlando, FL: Harcourt Brace & Company.