Soc 213/Deviant BehaviorDodd BogartTest 4C12/14/00
Part 1: Old Text Items (Thio)
Ch. 11: Illegal Drug Use
01. According to Witkin (1995) what is NOT a result of methamphetamine use? A. appetite suppression, B. a burst of energy, C. a sense of euphoria, D. lack of self-confidence, E. depression and paranoia. (p. 255)
02. According to Thio and Goode (1993, an individual of high social status is more likely to use _____ while an individual in the working class is more likely to use _____. A. heroin, crack; B. marijuana, meth; C. roofies, heroin; D. crack, marijuana; E. meth, cocaine. (p. 260)
03. Which of the following is not a reason why people turn to drugs according to the Economic Deprivation Theory? A. drugs help relieve monotony, B. drugs help the user cope with reality of poverty, C. drugs fulfill the need for status, D. drugs provide a sense of purpose to shattered lives, E. all of these are reasons. (p. 264)
04. According to the laboratory experiments mentioned in your text, monkeys and rats will prefer _____ to food, even if they have not eaten all day. A. amphetamines; B. cocaine; C. heroine; D. marijuana; E. acid (p. 255)
05. Males are more likely than females to use drugs because: A. of their innate hormonal makeup B. they have a greater tendency to engage in deviant activities C. of genetic differences D. they have lower self-esteem in the formative mid-school years E. women social networks are more extensive. (p. 261)
06. In _____ theory, the cause of addiction is the drug user's _____ between withdrawal distress and prior drug use. A. cognitive association, cognitive association B. social-psychological, cognitive association C. psychological, cognitive association D. cognitive association, neurological pathway connections E. nutritional deficiency, neuronal association. (p. 264)
07. Which of the following is not a strategy for drug treatment? A. therapeutic communities B. personal therapy C. maintenance therapy D. aversion therapy E. DARE (p. 271)
Ch. 12: Drinking and Alcoholism
08. Which of the following statements is NOT a myth? A. beer drinkers are more likely to become alcoholics when compared with drinkers of other types of alcoholic beverages, B. alcohol enhances the sexual experience, C. most alcoholics are homeless, D. taking stimulants such as coffee will counter-act the effects of alcohol, E. the effects of drinking on a full stomach are no different than on an empty stomach. (p. 276)
09. All of the following factors explaining the degree of intoxication false EXCEPT FOR WHICH STATEMENT? A. food in the stomach transports alcohol to the intestine where it is absorbed leading to quicker and more intense intoxication, B. individuals that are heavy drinkers and drink frequently become have a lower level of alcohol tolerance, C. the higher level of alcohol in a beverage, the quicker the intoxicating effect, D. an individual weighing 180 pounds has the same alcohol tolerance as someone that weighs 250 pounds, E. none of the above. (p. 278)
10. What percent of campus crime is alcohol related? A. 10%, B. 40%, C. 70%, D. 90%, E. none of the above. (p. 280)
11. According to Glassner (1991) which is NOT a reason why Jews have low incidence of excess drinking? A. moderate drinking since childhood, B. their preaching of abstinence, C. conscious attempts to avoid excess, D. peer support and pressure against excess, E. widespread religious belief that excess drinking is a non-Jewish trait. (p. 283)
12. Which of the following is NOT one of E.M. Jellinek's (1952) sequence of events in becoming an alcoholic? A. hitting bottom, B. clarity of vision, C. physically addicted, D. social drinker, E. psychologically addicted. (pp. 286-287)
13. According to Schuckit (1984) which of the following is NOT a classification of alcohol problem? A. alcohol reaction, B. physical addiction, C. excessive drinking, D. psychological addiction, E. alcohol-related problems. (p. 286)
14. All of the following EXCEPT _____ is a characteristic of an individual that is a binge drinker. A. communications major, B. athletics, C. Caucasian, D. college educated parents, E. male. (p. 289)
Ch. 13: White-Collar and Governmental Deviance
15. According to Thio, _____ distinguishes between white collar deviance and blue collar crime. A. what, B. where, C. how much, D. when, E. how. (p. 300)
16. Which of the following is NOT a major type of corporate deviance? A. deviance against other companies, B. deviance against employees, C. deviance against the government, D. deviance against the environment, E. deviance against customers. (p. 301)
17. Which of the following is NOT a reason that corporations fail to protect their employee's health and safety? A. negligence, B. cost, C. weak enforcement policy, D. reduction in enforcement personnel, E. none of the above. (p. 302)
18. Unsafe products is a form of what type of corporate deviance? A. deviance against the government, B. deviance against employees, C. deviance against the environment, D. deviance against customers, E. none of the above. (p. 303)
19. Falsifying records to make a bank appear financially healthy - is an example of which type of deviance? A. antitrust violation, B. embezzlement, C. fraud, D. tax and securities violation, E. none of the above. (pp. 303-304)
20. Which of the following is NOT a reason why there is employee theft (Hollinger and Clark, 1983; Altheide et al, 1978; Conklin, 1977)? A. workers steal to supplement their low income, B. there is a high incidence of management-union conflict, C. workers are bored at their jobs, D. employees have little loyalty to large and impersonal corporations, E. employees don't see that their theft is a crime. (p. 308)
Part 2: Old Video and Lecture Items
V13B: How to Steal $500 Million
21. What three groups did Narrator, Paul Salmon, identify as being in a position to stop the Phar-Mor fraud? A. the news media, the board of directors, the auditing firm, B. investors, the board of directors, the auditing firm, C. investors, the board of directs, the better business bureau, D. Ohios attorney general, the auditors, the investors, E. the auditors, the board of directors, Ohios attorney general. (p. 1)
22. What term(s) does the video uses to describe Phar-Mor? A. juggernaut, B. playing corporate hardball, C. retail empire, D. discount chain, E. all of the above. (p. 1)
23. How did Pat Finn explain a real financial report accidentally faxed to the CEO, Pat Shapira? A. they were just preliminary numbers requiring adjustment, B. it was a computer error in compiling financial reports from different stores, C. the estimates on exclusivity money were low and needed adjustment, D. the three new stores in Las Vegas were showing only marginal profits, E. all of the above. (p. 4)
24. What two sets of entrepreneurial traits require oversight of those taking in risk in business according to Paul Solman? A. self delusion and gambling/optimism and daring, B. optimism and daring/charisma and vision, C. self delusion and gambling/charisma and vision, D. self delusion and gambling/hard charging and aggressive, E. charisma and vision/daring and deceitful. (p. 8)
25. To whom did one radio caller compare Mickey Monus saying he just got caught. A. Ollie North, B. Ronald Reagan, Pete Rose, D. Spiro Agnew, E. Richard Nixon. (p. 8)
Video 13C: High Crimes and Misdemeanors
26. To whom is the Marine's oath of loyalty given? A. the President of the U.S.A. B. the Commandant of the Marines C. The Bill of Rights D. The Constitution of the U.S. E. the people of the United States (p. 1)
27. What contributed to the seriousness of the ongoing conflict between the White House and the Congress? A. political personalities B. going underground C. news leaks D. partisanship E. political polls. (p. 1)
28. What are wars called that are not approved by the Congress? A. secrete wars B. illegal wars C. presidential wars D. partisan wars E. strategic wars. (p. 2)
29. According to the video, High Crimes & Misdemeanors, the Reagan Administration set up an entity known as _____ for the purpose of secretly _____. A. Vision; managing arms shipments to Iraq. B. Novatel; training/equipping Contra rebels. C. Enterprise; collecting funds to support the Contras. D. Watch; negotiating hostage releases with the terrorists. E. Cartel; using drug money to fund arms shipments to Iran.
30. The video, High Crimes & Misdemeanors, indicated that the arms for hostages deals _____. A. ultimately resulted in the release of all the hostages. B. were not successful because the arms were taken with no hostages or money in return. C. incentivized terrorists to take more hostages. D. were very profitable with the hostages actually becoming a way to get more money. E. were discontinued after the first shipment when the terrorists did not uphold their side of the deal by releasing hostages.
V13D: Waco: The Inside Story
31. In the video, Waco - The Inside Story, the FBI onsite negotiators had all of the following concerns EXCEPT _____. A. Are we dealing with a con man? B. Will the Hostage Rescue Team be there to provide backup if something goes wrong? C. Can we build trust with the Davidians inside the complex? D. Are we dealing with a delusional man? E. Can we convince Koresh to let the children go?
32. In the video, Waco - The Inside Story, after the FBI took over surveillance at the Waco complex, Special Agent _____ became the Chief FBI negotiator onsite. A. Byron Sage B. Barry Higginbotham C. Clive Doyle D. Jeff Jamar E. Steve Snyder
33. According to the video, Waco - The Inside Story, the FBI used the 10-Day Rule which simply meant that when there was no progress by the 10th day, then the FBI _____. A. turned off the water. B. started electronic harassment with loud speakers. C. stopped all negotiations. D. turned off the electricity. E. stormed the complex.
34. According to Jamar why was the surrender worked out in minute detail? A. To guarantee that the negotiators, HRT, and the Davidians were in absolute agreement B. to make sure the women and children would be protected C. to put the plan in their heads-create a picture D. to increase the likelihood that Koresh would comply E. To decrease the chance that FBI agents would be killed. (p. 3)
35. How did Charles Van Zandt interpret the Bra NCH Davidians from watching the video made by Koresh? A. children were being treated well and were very happy B. parents were very reluctant to have their children released C. all Davidians were diligently home schooling the children in the compound D. The focus of all schooling was religion E. he saw the total innocence of the children and the abdication of all parental authority. (p. 4)
Lecture 8: New Criminology
36. In his participant observation study in both the United States and in Africa, Chambliss reported that there was a striking similarity in the types of laws that do and do not get enforced. In both countries, many laws are systematically violated in situations involving A. Nigeria-bribery, B. Mexico-fraud, C. Columbia-drug trafficking, D. Thailand-prostitution, E. Libya-terrorism.
37. "Crime reduces surplus labor by creating employment not only for criminals but for law enforces, locksmith, welfare workers, professors of criminology, and a horde of people who live off the fact that crime exists" is a consequence of crime for society implied by A. Marxist paradigm, B. control paradigm, C. labeling paradigm, D. neutralization paradigm, E. none of the above.
38. According to Quinney what is the effect of the number of criminal definitions formulated and applies in a politically organized society? A. increase in criminal definitions = decrease in crime, B. increase in criminal definitions = increase in crime, C. decrease in criminal definitions = increase in crime, D. there is no relationship, E. none of the above.
39. According to Spitzer which of the following has been a problem focused on by a critical theory of deviance? A. the justification of criminal behavior, B. the variations in reporting crime, C. the individual who violates the laws of society, D. the etiology of control, E. institutions social stability.
40. According to Robert Quinney in his work, _The Social Reality of Crime,_ criminal definitions describe behaviors that conflict with the interests of those who have power to shape public policy. The probability that a person will develop action patterns that have a high potential of being defined as criminal depends on the relative substance of all of the following factors EXCEPT _____. A. interpersonal associations and identifications. B. self-conceptions. C. structured opportunities. D. learning experiences. E. procedural fairness of the criminal justice system.
Part 3: New Text Items (Thio)
Ch. 11: Illegal Drug Use
41. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. Marijuana has proven effective for controlling nausea and relieving pain in seriously ill patients with AIDS and cancer. B. Almost all heroin and cocaine users started out with marijuana. C. Marijuana use inevitably leads to use of hard drugs. D. Marijuana tends to inhibit, rather than induce, aggressive behavior. E. The cause of hard drug use is primarily associated with marijuana users' involvement with friends who use hard drugs. (p. 251)
42. _____, the most expensive drug, has been transformed from a drug for the powerless to a symbol of status. A. cocaine B. heroin C. methamphetamine D. crack cocaine E. marijuana (p. 254)
43. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. For Americans as a whole, the rate of drug use steadily decreased from 1980 to 1992. B. African-American high school students are more likely than their white peers to use drugs. C. Drug addiction and drug-related homicide are, for the most part, confined to the lower classes. D. Young adults (ages 18 to 25) have the highest rate of drug use in the U.S. E. The United States, as a whole, has the highest rate of drug use among the industrial countries of the world. (p. 256)
44. Purpose and status are most associated with _____ theory. A. cognitive association B. biological C. social-psychological D. psychiatric E. economic deprivation (p. 264)
45. Which of the following components of Project DARE has NOT been shown to be successful by research studies? A. improved attitudes toward police B. enhanced self-esteem C. improved social skills D. reinforcing existing anti-drug attitudes E. prevention of drug use (p. 270)
Ch. 12: Drinking and Alcoholism
46. Which of the following groups has the lowest rate of alcoholism? A. Irish Americans B. Italian Americans C. Hispanic Americans D. African Americans E. Native Americans (p. 282)
47. Which of the following regions has the lowest level of alcohol consumption and the highest rate of drunkenness? A. West B. Midwest C. Northeast D. South E. Northwest (p. 284)
48. Which of the following symptoms or behaviors is indicative of Jellinek's third stage (physical addiction) of alcoholism? A. social isolation B. blackouts C. rationalizations D. social drinking E. delirium tremens (pp. 286-287)
49. Men are more likely than women to _____. A. engage in binge drinking in college B. have a family history of alcoholism C. have their first drink at an older age D. drink abusively after their spouse or significant other has become a heavy drinker E. drink at home (p. 288)
50. "Frontloading" refers to _____. A. a "sin tax" on hard liquor B. housing alcohol abusers in residential treatment centers C. drinking in private before a social event D. culturally produced inner tensions E. a biological predisposition to alcoholism (p. 295)
Ch. 13: White-Collar and Governmental Deviance
51. Which of the following is most closely associated with antitrust violations? A. OSHA B. chemical additives C. S&L D. oligopolistic market E. Superfund program (p. 305)
52. Which of the following is NOT usually associated with employee theft? A. job boredom B. tax evasion C. large and impersonal corporations D. noncriminal self-image E. union-management conflict (p. 308)
53. Insider trading is an example of _____. A. medical misconduct B. accounting abuse C. deviance against employees D. embezzlement E. securities violations (p. 310)
54. What do the majority of white-collar offenders have in common? A. denial of criminal intent B. membership in the banking professions C. fear of execution or long prison sentences D. ethnic background and education level E. use of official violence to achieve their goals (p. 313)
55. The "ritual of wiggle" refers to _____. A. police brutality against citizens B. attempts to neutralize deviance C. the popular vote versus the electoral college in presidential elections D. unintentional deviance E. fee splitting (p. 317)
Ch. 14: Disreputable Economic Deviance
56. Of the following, robberies occur LEAST often in _____. A. convenience stores B. gas stations C. commercial houses D. banks E. residences (p. 329)
57. The frustration that results from a conflict of expectation versus realization is the core of _____ theory. A. economic abundance B. expressive needs C. relative deprivation D. social acceptance E. rationalization cluster (p. 331)
58. "Shrinkage" is a euphemism for _____. A. shoplifting B. burglary C. carjacking D. illicit gambling E. loan sharking (p. 335)
59. The term, "sweetheart contract," is associated with _____. A. illegal drug running B. corruption of public officials C. infiltration of legitimate businesses D. gang formation E. labor racketeering (p. 338)
60. Which of the following is NOT a conclusion reached by Thio regarding organized crime? A. Research supports Bell's (1962) theory that organized crime is a uniquely American way for ambitious poor people to become rich. B. Organized crime differs from one society to another only in intraorganizational unity and criminal activities. C. Organized crime is more pervasive in Hong Kong, Japan, Italy and Russia than in the United States. D. The Hong Kong Triads engage in drug trafficking much more extensively than their counterparts in other countries. E. It is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to eradicate organized crime. (pp. 345-346)
Part 4: New Video and Lecture Items
Video 13B: Smoke In the Eye
61. When CBS' Mike Wallace wanted to air his interview with Jeffrey Wigand, the _____ were primarily responsible for stopping him. A. CBS attorneys B. 60 Minutes producers C. CBS censors D. CBS news anchors E. federal courts
62.The Day One report on ABC resulted in _____. A. stricter standards for the distribution of nicotine B. a congressional subcommittee hearing C. vindication for tobacco industry executives D. a "sacrifice" of middle management within the tobacco companies E. Jeffrey Wigand being reinstituted in his formerly held position
63. The response to the University of California/San Francisco regarding confidential Brown & Williamson documents was to _____. A. return the documents to Brown & Williamson B. offer to sell the files to CBS C. suspend Stanton Glantz from teaching classes D. suspend Stanton Glantz from conducting further research E. advocate disseminating the information on the worldwide web
64. The results gathered from the mock juries in Raleigh, North Carolina were _____. A. hung B. in favor of Day One C. in favor of the tobacco company D. discarded E. sealed by the courts
65. At both ABC and CBS, the brake was applied to investigative journalism just as _____. A. the courts ruled in favor of the tobacco industry B. lead counsel for both networks resigned their positions C. the networks changed hands D. the country found itself involved in a constitutional crisis E. the House of Representatives was seeking to repeal the First Amendment
Video 13C: High Crimes and Misdemeanors
66. In the U. S., the power to declare war rests with the _____. A. President B. Joint Chiefs of Staff C. Congress D. the President's National Security Advisor E. the Secretary of State