Soap Powder Or Chips Specification

DKS 2115:2007

DRAFT KENYA STANDARD

Soap powder or chips– Specification

Public Review DraftMarch 2007

KENYA BUREAU OF STANDARDS (KEBS)

DKS 2115:2007

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE REPRESENTATION

The following organizations were represented on the Technical Committee:

PZ Cussons EA

Unilever Kenya

BIDCO (K) Ltd.

Mep Chemical Industries

K.I.R.D.I

Government Chemist

University of Nairobi

Sanchem Enterprises Ltd.

Consumer Information Network

Haco Industries

Kenya bureau of standards – Secretariat

REVISION OF KENYA STANDARDS

In order to keep abreast of progress in industry, Kenya Standards shall be regularly reviewed. Suggestions for improvements to published standards, addressed to the Managing Director, Kenya Bureau of Standards, are welcome.

© Kenya Bureau of Standards. 2007

Copyright. Users are reminded that by virtue of section 6 of the Copyright Act, Cap. 130 of the Laws of Kenya, copyright subsists in all Kenya Standards and except as provided under section 7 of this Act, no Kenya Standard produced by Kenya Bureau of Standards may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing from the Managing Director.

DKS 2115:2007

DRAFT KENYA STANDARD

Soap powder or chips– Specification

KENYA BUREAU OF STANDARDS (KEBS)

Head Office:P.O. Box 54974 - 00200, Nairobi, Tel.: (+254 020) 605490, 602350, Fax: (+254 020) 604031

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Coast Region / LakeRegion / North Rift Region
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Tel.: (+254 041) 2229563, 2230938/40 / Tel.: (+254 057) 23549, 22396 / Tel.: (+254 051) 2210553, 2210555
Fax: (+254 041) 229448 / Fax: (+254 057) 21814 / Fax: (+254 051) 2210076
E-mail: / E-mail:

DKS 2115:2007

Foreword

This Kenya standard was developed by the Technical Committee on Soaps and Detergents under the guidance of the Chemical Industry Committee, and is in accordance with the procedures of the Bureau.

During the preparation of this standard, reference was made to the following document:

SABS 245:2000: Specification for Soap powder or chips

Acknowledgement is hereby made for assistance derived from this source.

KENYA STANDARDDKS 2115: 2007

Soap powder or chips– Specification

1Scope

This Kenya standard specifies requirements and methods of test for four types of soap for use in laundry.

2Normative references

This Kenya Standard incorporates by dated and undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate place in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this Kenya Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.

KS 45: Methods of analysis for soaps

ISO 684:1974:Analysis of soaps - Determination of total free alkali

ISO 4323:1977:Soaps - Determination of chlorides content - Potentiometric method

ISO 1067:1974:Analysis of soaps - Determination of unsaponifiable, unsaponified and unsaponified saponifiable matter

ISO 457:1983:Soaps - Determination of chloride content - Titrimetric method

ISO 685:1975:Analysis of soaps - Determination of total alkali content and total fatty matter content

ASTM D 502-89: Test method for particle size of soaps and other detergents

3.Definitions

For the purpose of this specification the following definitions shall apply:

3.1BatchSoap manufactured from one boil or, in the case of continuous production processes, the material from a single day’s production.

3.2BoilSoap from pan or vat.

3.4DefectiveSoap or its container that fails in one or more respects to comply with the appropriate requirements of the specification.

3.5LotThat quantity of soap powder or chips bearing the same batch identification and from one manufacturer, submitted at any one time for inspection and testing.

4.Requirements

4.1Types

The soap shall be of one of the following types

Type IHigh titre soap powder or chips intended for washing at high temperatures with soft water.

Type IILow titre soap powder or chips intended for washing at low temperatures with soft water, where the presence of alkaline salts is not desirable.

Type IIIHigh titre, mildly built laundry soap powder intended for general purpose washing with soft water, where the presence of an equal ratio of soap to alkaline salts is desirable.

Type IVHigh titre, fully built laundry soap powder intended for high temperature washing with soft water, where the presence of a high ratio of alkaline salts to soap is desirable.

4.2General

4.2.1The soap shall be uniform, free flowingand it shall not contain ingredients in quantities that are toxic to human beings.

4.2.2It shall possess good lathering properties in water at ambient temperature and having a hardness (expressed as calcium carbonate) of 200 p.p.m.

4.2.3When stored or transported under normal conditions in its original container, the soap shall not cake into hard lumps.

4.3Odour

The soap, both as received and when dissolved in hot water, shall possess a pleasant, fresh odour and shall not develop an objectionable one during storage at ambient temperature.

4.4Detailed requirements

The soap shall comply with the relevant requirements given in table 1.

DKS 2115:2007

Table 1: Detailed requirements

Sl. No. / Property / Requirement / Test
Method
Type
I / Type
II / Type
III / Type
IV
1) / Free alkali content* (as NaOH), % (m/m), max / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.25 / 0.25 / KS ISO 684
2) / Anhydrous matter content+, % (m/m), min / 90.0 / 90.0 / 70.0 / 70.0 / Annex A
3) / Ratio between (the actual anhydrous matter content+ x the average mass of units ‡) and (the specified minimum anhydrous matter content x the marked unit mass), min / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / -
4) / Fatty matter content+, % (m/m), min / 82.0 / 82.0 / 40.0 / 22.0 / KS ISO 685
5) / Ratio between (the actual fatty matter content+ x the average mass of units ‡) and (the specified minimum fatty matter content x the marked unit mass), min / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / -
6) / Unsaponified plus unsaponifiable matter content*, % (m/m) max / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.3 / KS ISO 1067
7) / Total alkali content+ (as sodium hydroxide), % (m/m), min / - / - / 15.0 / 25 / KS ISO 685
8) / Water insoluble matter content*, % (m/m), max / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / KS 45 Clause 4
9) / Chloride content* (as sodium chloride), %
(m/m), max. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / KS ISO 457/4323
10) / Rosin content of fatty matter, % (m/m), max / 3.0 / 3.0 / 3.0 / 1.0 / KS 45 Clause 9
11) / Titre of fatty matter, oC, min. Max. / 38.0 / - / 38.0 / 38.0 / Annex B
- / 27.0 / - / -
12) / Fineness of soap powder:
Retained on a 2.80 mm aperture sieve, % (m/m), max. / - / - / 0.5 / 0.5 / ASTM D 502-89
* Corrected to a fatty content of 82 % (m/m) for type I and type II soap powders,
40 % (m/m) for type III soap powder, and
22 % (m/m) for type IV soap powder.
+ On the soap as received
‡ See 6.1 (b).

DKS 2115:2007

5.Packing and marking

5.1Packing

The soap powder or chips shall be so packed as to prevent excessive drying out, leakage, or contamination of the product.

The product shall be packed in containers that are strong enough to withstand normal usage and transportation. These containers may then be packed in bulk packages

5.2Marking

Each container and bulk package shall bear (in prominent, legible, and indelible marking)the following particulars:

i)Words indicating that the product is a soap powder or soap chips as relevant and the type

ii)The name and address of the manufacturer and trade mark if any.

iii)The net weight of the contents

iv)In the case of bulk packages, the number of containers

v)All ingredients except moisture

vi)Batch number or code number

vii)Instructions for use

viii)Storage instructions

ix)Country of origin

6Sampling and compliance with the specification[2])

6.1Sampling

The following sampling procedure shall be applied in determining whether a lot complies with the appropriate requirements of the specification. The samples so drawn shall be deemed to present the lot.

a)From the lot take at random

1)if the lot is packed in containers of net mass not exceeding 5 kg:five containers;

2)if the lot is packed in containers of net mass greater than 5 kg:three containers.

b)Weigh the contents of each container taken in accordance with (a) above, record these masses, and calculate the average mass. Take enough soap powder from each container to provide a composite sample of total mass at least 1 kg (take approximately equal quantities of soap powder from all containers). Immediately place the sample so drawn in a clean, dry, air-tight glass or plastic container clearly marked with the manufacturer’s name or trade mark, the batch identification, and the date of sampling.

NoteThe contents of each container shall be thoroughly mixed before sampling.

6.2Compliance with the specification

The lot shall be deemed to comply with the requirements of the specification if, after inspection and testing of the samples taken in accordance with 6.1, no defective is found.

DKS 2115:2007

7Inspection

Inspect the containers taken in accordance with 6.1 for compliance with the requirements of section 5.

8Preparation of test samples

8.1Composite sample

Mix the sample, taken in accordance with 6.1(b), thoroughly by hand in the original sample container for at least 2 min

8.1.1Sample for testing

Immediately after mixing the composite sample take at one time all test samples required. Weigh out last the test sample required for the determination of free alkali content and use it immediately.

NoteEnsure that any loss or pick-up of moisture is reduced to a minimum by carrying out the weighing and the preparation of the sample as rapidly as possible.

Annex A

Determination of anhydrous matter content

A.1Apparatus

A.1.1Flask ― A flask of 500 ml capacity, having a ground-joint neck, and with a round bottom (if a heating mantle is to be used as the means of heating), or with a flat bottom (if a hotplate is to be used as the means of heating).

A.1.2Condenser ― See Fig. 1

A.1.3Receiver ― A dean and stark type receiver of one of the following sizes, depending on the expected water content of the sample:

a)2 ml capacity graduated in 0.05 ml divisions, for Type I and Type II soap powders (see Fig. 2).

b)7.5 ml capacity graduated in 0.1 ml divisions, for Type III and Type IV soap powders (see Fig. 3).

A.1.4Source of heat ― A heating mantle for 500 ml flasks or a hotplate.

NoteBefore assembling the apparatus, clean the receiver and the inner tube of the condenser thoroughly with chromic-sulphuric acid, then rinse with distilled water followed by acetone, and dry in an oven.

A.2Reagents

NoteUse only analytical grade reagents and carbon dioxide-free distilled water.

2.A.1Toluene ― Shake toluene vigorously for approximately 30s with a small quantity of water. Let the water settle, then decant the clear toluene into a distillation flask and distil it. Discard the first, normally turbid fraction of the distillate and use only the following clear fraction for the determination.

A.2.2Anhydrous sodium acetate ― Sodium acetate dried at 105 ± 5oC to constant mass.

A.3Procedure

A.3.1Weigh, to the nearest 0.1 g approximately 20 g of the test sample into the flask. Add to it approximately 10 g of the anhydrous sodium acetate (to prevent violent frothing), 3 - 5 glass beads, and 100 ml of the toluene. Assemble the apparatus and fill the receiver with the toluene by pouring 50 ml of it through the reflux condenser. In order to ensure better control of the distillation, wrap the flask and the tube leading to the receiver in asbestos cloth.

A.3.2Heat the contents of the flask to moderate boiling. At the start the distillation rate should be approximately 100 drops per min, and when the greater part of the water has distilled, the rate should be increased to approximately 200 drops per min. Reflux for at least 2 h.

NoteRinse down the reflux condenser during the distillation process with small portions of the toluene in order to collect any water droplets that might adhere to the condenser tube. Any toluene trapped inside the graduated tube of the receiver may be separated from the distilled water by moving a spiral copper wire up and down inside the tube.

A.3.3Disconnect the apparatus, allow the receiver to cool to room temperature, and record the volume of the water in the graduated tube.

NoteWhen the water volume is read, there shall be no emulsified zone between the solvent and the water layer.

A.4Calculation

4.1Anhydrous matter content, % (m/m)

Where

A = volume of water distilled, ml

B = mass of the test sample used, g

Annex B

Determination of Titre of fatty matter (Metric units)

B.1Apparatus (see Fig. 1)

B.1.1Water bath ― A two litre low-form beaker

B.1.2Wide-mouth bottle ― An approximately 450 ml bottle that is about 190 mm high, having a neck of inside diameter approximately 40 mm and fitted with a cork that holds the test tube (B.1.3). The bottle contains sufficient lead shot or other dense ballast to hold it steady when placed in the water bath.

B.1.3Test tube ― A test tube of length 100 mm, of inside diameter 25 mm, and marked 57 mm from the bottom to indicate the level to which the sample should be added. It is fitted with a bored cork to support the stirrer and the titre-test thermometer.

B.1.4Stirrer ― A stirrer made from glass or stainless steel of diameter 2-3 mm, and with the lower end formed into a loop 19 mm in diameter. The upper end of the stirrer is shaped as a handle for hand operation.

B.1.5Laboratory thermometer ― A 0 -150oC thermometer

B.1.6Titre-test thermometer― An ASTM titre-test thermometer, having a range of -2 to +68oC and conforming to the relevant requirements given in ASTM designation E1.

B.2Procedure

B.2.1Heat the fatty matter (retained from the determination of rosin content) to a temperature approximately 10oC above the expected titre and pour sufficient into the test tube to reach the 57 mm mark. Fit the test tube in the wide-mouth bottle and place the assembly in the water bath. The water level should be approximately 10 mm above the 57 mm mark on the test tube. Adjust the temperature of the water bath to 20oC below the expected titre (for titres 35oC and over) or to 15-20oC below expected titre (for titres below 35oC).

B.2.2Ensure that the titre-test thermometer is situated approximately along the axis of the test tube and at such a height that the immersion mark coincides with the top of the sample of fatty matter.

B.2.3When the titre-test thermometer reads 10oC above the expected titre, commence stirring at the rate of about 100 completed up and down strokes per min. (The stirrer should travel through a distance of approximately 40 mm on each stroke.) Read the thermometer every 15s and continue stirring until the temperature remains constant for 30s or just begins to rise. At this point stop stirring, and note the rise in temperature. Record the highest temperature reached.

B.2.4Repeat the procedure given in B.2.1 – B.2.3

B.2.5The recorded temperatures of the two determinations shall not differ by more than 0.2oC. (If the difference exceeds 0.2oC, repeat the determination until two readings agree). Report as the titre of the fatty matter, the mean of the tow temperature readings that agree to within 0.2oC.

[2]2) This section applies to the sampling for inspection and testing before acceptance or rejection of single lots (consignments) in cases where no information about the implementation of quality control or testing during manufacture is available to help in assessing the quality of the lot. It is also used as the procedure for adjudicating in cases of dispute.