WLHS/A&P/Oppelt

NAME ______

Unit 1 / Chapter 1 – STUDY GUIDE

Your study guide is not only an excellent guide to preparation for your exams, it is also a homework assignment. Your completed study guide work will be handed in on the day of each Unit Exam.

Words to know:

HomeostasisSuperficialVentralInferior

SuperiorMedialPosteriorDistal

ProximalVisceralParietalNegative feedback

CranialCephalicCaudalAnterior

EffectorLateralDorsalSensor / receptor

TransverseSagittalThoracicFrontal/coronal

AbdominalPelvicSpinalUmbilical

HypogastricEpigastricIliacLumbar

HypochondriacPositive feedbackPleura Pericardium

Questions to answer:

1) To which system do the following organs belong?

• epidermis:• lungs:

• brain: • blood vessels:

• teeth: • kidneys:

• bones:• testes:

• lymph nodes: • hair:

• biceps muscle:• adrenal gland:

2) Describe the position of specific body parts using the following terminology. (ex. The navel is ventral to the shoulder blade which is dorsal)

• superior / inferior:

• medial / lateral:

• dorsal / ventral:

• proximal / distal:

• superficial / deep:

• anterior / posterior:

3) Describe the anatomical position.

4) Distinguish between the science of anatomy and the science of physiology.

5) List and know in order, the levels of organization within the human body from atom up to the organism level.

6) Know the meaning of the following Roots/Prefixes/Suffixes

Ab- / -ectomy / -derm / -itis / Micro- / Hypo-
Ad- / Cardio- / Epi- / Intra- / Macro- / -stasis
-logy / Leuko - / -cyte, cyto / Inter- / Hyper- / -pathy

7) Using your knowledge of root words, decipher the meaning of the following terms:

• leukocyte:• intracellular:

• dermatitis:• intercellular:

• tonsillectomy: • cardiology:

8) What are the 5 characteristics of life?

______

______

______

9) Describe the following types of membranes found in the thoracic cavity.

a. Parietal Pleura: ______

b. Visceral Pleura: ______

c. Pleural Cavity:______

10) What are the 3 components to a feedback system?

______

11) What is a negative feedback loop? Give an example.

12) What is a positive feedback loop? Give an example.

13) Using the word bank below, indicate the body systems that match the following descriptions.

Cardiovascular / Integumentary / Nervous / Skeletal
Digestive / Lymphatic / Reproductive / Urinary
Endocrine / Muscular / Respiratory

______a. Rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes

______b. Is affected by removal of the adrenal gland

______c. Protects and supports organs; provides a framework for muscular action

______d. Includes arteries and veins

______e. Controls the body by means of chemicals called hormones

______f. External body coverings

______g. House cells that involve the body immunity

______i. Breaks down ingested food into its absorbable units

______j. Loads oxygen into the blood

______k. Uses blood as a transport as transport vehicle

______l. Generates body heat and provides locomotion of the body as a vehicle

______m. Regulates water and acid-base balance of blood

______n. Is damaged when you fall and scrape your knee

______o. necessary for childbearing

______p. also necessary for childbearing (second answer)

14) In appendicitis, pain may be experienced in the lower portion of what gross abdominopelvic region?

A) epigastricB) right iliacC) left iliacD) umbilicalE) right lumbar

15) If you were asked to rub ointment on the anterior surface of the thigh, you would apply it to the _____ of the thigh?

A) frontB) back

16) What position does the tongue occupy with respect to the palate (roof of the mouth)?

A) anteriorB) posteriorC) inferiorD) superiorE) lateral

17) Using the diagram to the right, identify the body cavities and include the diaphragm.

A) ______

B) ______

C) ______

D) ______

E) ______

F) ______

18) Using the diagram below, identify the 9 abdominal regions of the abdomen.

19) Be able to identify the various regions of the body using the correct terminology in the diagram below.

20) a. A nurse informed John that she was about to take blood from his antecubital region. What part of his body was the nurse referring? ______

b. Later, the nurse came back and said that she was going to give him an antibiotic shot in his deltoid region. What article of clothing would John have to remove for the shot; his pants or his shirt? ______

c. Before John left the office, the nurse noticed that his left sural region was badly bruised. What part of his body was black and blue? ______

21) Explain how scratching an itch is an example of negative feedback response.