IB PHYSICS SLGOHS
SEMESTER 1: MEASUREMENT AND NEWTON’S LAWS
1.When a voltage V of 12.2 V is applied to a DC motor, the current I in the motor is 0.20 A. Which one of the following is the output power VI of the motor given to the correct appropriate number of significant digits?
A.2 W
B.2.4 W
C.2.40 W
D.2.44 W
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2.The diagram below shows a boat that is about to cross a river in a direction perpendicular to the bank at a speed of 0.8 ms–1. The current flows at 0.6 ms–1 in the direction shown.
The magnitude of the displacement of the boat 5 seconds after leaving the bank is
A.3 m.
B.4 m.
C.5 m.
D.7 m.
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3.Which one of the following units is a unit of energy?
A.eV
B.Ws–1
C.Wm–1
D.Nms–1
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4.Two forces of magnitudes 7 N and 5 N act at a point. Which one of the following is not a possible value for the magnitude of the resultant force?
A.1 N
B.3 N
C.5 N
D.7 N
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5.Natalie measures the mass and speed of a glider. The percentage uncertainty in her measurement of the mass is 3% and in the measurement of the speed is 10%. Her calculated value of the kinetic energy of the glider will have an uncertainty of
A.30%.
B.23%.
C.13%.
D.10%.
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6.A student measures a distance several times. The readings lie between 49.8 cm and 50.2 cm. This measurement is best recorded as
A.49.8 0.2 cm.
B.49.8 0.4 cm.
C.50.0 0.2 cm.
D.50.0 0.4 cm.
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7.The ratio is approximately equal to
A.10–15.
B.10–8.
C.10–5.
D.10–2.
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8.The diameter of the nucleus of a hydrogen atom is of the order of
A.10–8 m.
B.10–15 m.
C.10–23 m.
D.10–30 m.
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9.Which one of the following is a fundamental unit?
A.Coulomb
B.Ohm
C.Volt
D.Ampere
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10.The resistive force F acting on a sphere of radius r moving at speed v through a liquid is given by
F = cvr
where c is a constant. Which of the following is a correct unit for c?
A.N
B.N s–1
C.N m2 s–1
D.N m–2 s
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11.Which of the following is the best estimate, to one significant digit, of the quantity shown below?
A.1.5
B.2.0
C.5.8
D.6.0
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12.Which one of the following lists a fundamental unit and a derived unit?
A. / ampere / secondB. / coulomb / kilogram
C. / coulomb / newton
D. / metre / kilogram
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13.Which one of the following contains three fundamental units?
A. / Metre / Kilogram / CoulombB. / Second / Ampere / Newton
C. / Kilogram / Ampere / Kelvin
D. / Kelvin / Coulomb / Second
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14.A ball, initially at rest, takes time t to fall through a vertical distance h. If air resistance is ignored, the time taken for the ball to fall from rest through a vertical distance 9h is
A.3t.
B.5t.
C.9t.
D.10t.
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15.A raindrop falling through air reaches a terminal velocity before hitting the ground. At terminal velocity, the frictional force on the raindrop is
A.zero.
B.less than the weight of the raindrop.
C.greater than the weight of the raindrop.
D.equal to the weight of the raindrop.
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16.The diagram below shows the path of a projectile in the absence of air resistance.
Which one of the following diagrams best represents the path of the projectile under the same initial conditions when the air resistance is taken into account? (The path in absence of air resistance is shown for comparison as a dotted line.)
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17.A sailing boat is moving with constant velocity v to the right parallel to the dock.
Sailor Hulot, up on the mast, drops his telescope at the moment he is opposite Lucie who is standing on the dock. Which one of the following best shows the path of the falling telescope as seen by Lucie?
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18.An athlete runs round a circular track at constant speed. Which one of the following graphs best represents the variation with time t of the magnitude d of the displacement of the athlete from the starting position during one lap of the track?
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19.A ball is released from rest near the surface of the Moon. Which one of the following quantities increases at a constant rate?
A.Only distance fallen
B.Only speed
C.Only speed and distance fallen
D.Only speed and acceleration
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20.A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a high cliff. Assuming air resistance is negligible, what is the effect of gravitational force on the horizontal and on the vertical components of the velocity of the stone?
Vertical component of velocity / Horizontal component of velocityA. / increases to a constant value / stays constant
B. / increases continuously / stays constant
C. / increases to a constant value / decreases to zero
D. / increases continuously / decreases to zero
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21.Peter and Susan both stand on the edge of a vertical cliff.
Susan throws a stone vertically downwards and, at the same time, Peter throws a stone vertically upwards. The speed V with which both stones are thrown is the same. Neglecting air resistance, which one of the following statements is true?
A.The stone thrown by Susan will hit the sea with a greater speed than the stone thrown by Peter.
B.Both stones will hit the sea with the same speed no matter what the height of the cliff.
C.In order to determine which stone hits the sea first, the height of the cliff must be known.
D.In order to determine which stone hits the sea first both the height of the cliff and the mass of each stone must be known.
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22.A ball is dropped from rest at time t = 0 on to a horizontal surface from which it rebounds. The graph shows the variation of time t with speedv of the ball.
Which one of the following best represents the point at which the ball just loses contact with the surface after the first bounce?
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
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23.Juan is standing on the platform at a railway station. A train passes through the station with speed 20 m s–1 in the direction shown measured relative to the platform. Carmen is walking along one of the carriages of the train with a speed of 2.0 m s–1 measured relative to the carriage in the direction shown. Velocity is measured as positive in the direction shown on the diagram.
The velocity of Carmen relative to Juan is
A.–22 m s–1.
B.–18 m s–1.
C.+18 m s–1.
D.+22 m s–1.
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24.Which one of the following is a true statement concerning the vertical component of the velocity and the acceleration of a projectile when it is at its maximum height? (The acceleration of free fall is g.)
Vertical component of velocity / AccelerationA. / maximum / zero
B. / maximum / g
C. / zero / zero
D. / zero / g
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25.A ball is thrown horizontally from the top of a cliff. Air resistance is negligible. Which of the following diagrams best represents the subsequent path of the ball?
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26.The graph shows the variation with time t of the velocity v of an object.
Which one of the following graphs best represents the variation with time t of the acceleration a of the object?
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27.A car accelerates uniformly from rest. It then continues at constant speed before the brakes are applied, bringing the car to rest.
Which of the following graphs best shows the variation with time t of the accelerationa of the car?
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28.When a body is accelerating, the resultant force acting on it is equal to its
A.change of momentum.
B.rate of change of momentum.
C.acceleration per unit of mass.
D.rate of change of kinetic energy.
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29.An object is moved from the surface of the Earth to the surface of the Moon. The acceleration of free fall on the Moon is less than that on the Earth. Which one of the following describes the change, if any, in its gravitational mass and its weight?
Change in gravitational mass / Change in weightA. / unchanged / unchanged
B. / unchanged / decreases
C. / decreases / unchanged
D. / decreases / decreases
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30.An object on the end of a light flexible string rotates in a circle as shown below.
The tension in the string is T when the string is at angle θ to the vertical. Which of the following is true?
State / Resultant forceA. / not in equilibrium / T
B. / not in equilibrium / T sinθ
C. / in equilibrium / T
D. / in equilibrium / T sinθ
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31.An object is moving at constant velocity. Which one of the following quantities must have zero magnitude?
A.Weight of object
B.Momentum of object
C.Kinetic energy of object
D.Resultant force on object
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32.A sphere of mass m strikes a vertical wall and bounces off it, as shown below.
The magnitude of the momentum of the sphere just before impact is pBand just after impact is pA.The sphere is in contact with the wall for time t. The magnitude of the average force exerted by the wall on the sphere is
A..
B..
C..
D..
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33.An elevator (lift) is used to either raise or lower sacks of potatoes. In the diagram, a sack of potatoes of mass 10 kg is resting on a scale that is resting on the floor of an accelerating elevator. The scale reads 12 kg.
The best estimate for the acceleration of the elevator is
A.2.0 m s–2 downwards.
B.2.0 m s–2 upwards.
C.1.2 m s–2 downwards.
D.1.2 m s–2 upwards.
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34.A ball of mass m, travelling in a direction at right angles to a vertical wall, strikes the wall with a speed v1. It rebounds at right angles to the wall with a speed v2. The ball is in contact with the wall for a time Δt. The magnitude of the force that the ball exerts on the wall is
A..
D.m(v1 + v2)Δt.
B..
C.m(v1 – v2)Δt.
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35.A truck collides head on with a less massive car moving in the opposite direction to the truck. During the collision, the average force exerted by the truck on the car is FT and the average force exerted by the car on the truck is FC. Which one of the following statements is correct?
A.FT will always be greater in magnitude than FC.
B.FT will always be equal in magnitude to FC.
C.FT will be greater in magnitude than FC only when the speed of the car is less than the speed of the truck.
D.FT will be equal in magnitude to FC only when the speed of the truck is equal to the speed of the car.
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36.A general expression for Newton’s second law of motion is
F =
What condition is applied so that the law may be expressed in the form Fm = a?
A.The mass m is constant.
B.The acceleration a is constant.
C.The force F is constant.
D.The direction of the force F is constant.
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37.A small boat in still water is given an initial horizontal push to get it moving. The boat gradually slows down. Which of the following statements is true for the forces acting on the boat as it slows down?
A.There is a forward force that diminishes with time.
B.There is a backward force that diminishes with time.
C.There is a forward force and a backward force both of which diminish with time.
D.There is a forward force and a backward force that are always equal and opposite.
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1.B
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2.C
[1]
3.A
[1]
4.A
[1]
5.B
[1]
6.C
[1]
7.C
[1]
8.B
[1]
9.D
[1]
10.D
[1]
11.D
[1]
12.B
[1]
13.C
[1]
14.A
[1]
15.D
[1]
16.A
[1]
17.C
[1]
18.C
[1]
19.B
[1]
20.B
[1]
21.B
[1]
22.C
[1]
23.B
[1]
24.D
[1]
25.A
[1]
26.A
[1]
27.A
[1]
28.B
[1]
29.B
[1]
30.B
[1]
31.D
[1]
32.B
[1]
33.B
[1]
34.A
[1]
35.B
[1]
36.A
[1]
37.B
[1]
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