Chapter 4 Section Reviews Name:
Section 1: Compounds and Molecules
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question.
_____1.Which of the following is a compound?
a.salt b. paint c. soup d.air
_____2.Atoms and ions are held together by
a.nuclear bonds. c. physical bonds.
b.stick bonds. d. chemical bonds.
_____3.Which of the following models could be used to compare the sizes of atoms in a molecule?
a.ball-and-stick c. space-filling
b.structural d. formula
_____4.There are strong bonds between the atoms in a piece of quartz. These bonds give quartz a
a.low melting point. c. low molecular mass.
b.high melting point. d. high molecular mass.
_____5.The attraction between molecules tends to be ______the attraction between ions.
a.weaker than c. equal to
b.stronger than d. None of the above
_____6.Which molecules are most strongly attracted to one another?
a.water molecules c. oxygen molecules
b.hydrogen molecules d. nitrogen molecules
_____7.Sugar has a lower melting point than salt because sugar is made of
a.atoms. c. molecules.
b.ions. d. crystals.
_____8.A hydrogen bond between water molecules is which of the following when compared with the bonds within an individual water molecule?
a.It is stronger. c. It is the same strength.
b.It is weaker. d. None of the above
_____9.A compound with only two atoms would not have a
a.chemical structure. c. bond length.
b.chemical bond. d. bond angle.
_____ 10. Which of the following models would show the bond angle?
a.ball-and-stick c. space-filling
b.structural d. formula
Section: Ionic and Covalent Bonding
_____11. Atoms sometimes form bonds to
a.lose energy. c. give away neutrons.
b.become more stable. d. give away protons.
_____12. Copper atoms are held together by ______bonds.
a.metallic c. ionic
b.hydrogen d. covalent
_____13. Sodium has one electron in its outer shell and chlorine has seven electrons in its outer shell. The atoms will form a(n) ______bond by ______their electrons.
a.covalent, transferring c. ionic, transferring
b.covalent, sharing d. ionic, sharing
_____14. Oxygen atoms have six electrons in their outer shells. When two oxygen atoms bond, they will form a(n) ______bond by ______their electrons.
a.covalent, transferring c. ionic, transferring
b.covalent, sharing d. ionic, sharing
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best matches each description. You may use each letter more than once.
_____15. formed by atoms in metals packing
electrons close together
_____16. positive and negative ions are formed
_____17. usually occurs between nonmetals
_____18. allows copper to bend and conduct electricity
_____19. creates compounds with very high boiling points
_____ 20. creates compounds with low boiling points
_____ 21. usually occurs between a nonmetal and a metal
Section: Compound Names and Formulas
____22.An ionic compound of calcium and chlorine would be named
a.calcium chlorine. c. calcium chloride.
b.calcium chlorite. d. chlorine calcium.
____23. A covalent compound made of one sulfur and two oxygen atoms would be named
a.sulfur dioxide. c. disulfur oxide.
b.sulfur oxide. d. sulfide oxygen.
____24.An ionic compound made of copper (Cu2+) and oxygen would be named
a.copper oxygen. c. dicopper oxide.
b.copper oxide. d. copper(II) oxide.
____25.The covalent compound N2O5 would be named
a.nitogen oxide. c. nitogenpentoxide.
b.dinitrogen oxide. d. dinitrogenpentoxide.
____26.Because the overall charge in a compound must be ______, the charge of iron in Fe2O3 can be calculated as 3+.
a.2+ c. 1+
b.0 d. 1–
____27.In the compound TiO2, titanium has a charge of
a.3+. c. 4+.
b.4–. d. 2+.
____28.The chemical formula for an ionic compound of aluminum and chlorine is
a.AlCl. c. AlCl3.
b.ClAl. d. Al3Cl.
____29.The chemical formula for an ionic compound of potassium and oxygen is
a.KO. c. K2O2.
b.K2O. d. KO2.
____30.The ______formula of a compound is written in the simplest whole number ratio of atoms.
a.empirical c. molecular
b.chemical d. ionic
____31.The formula C6H12O6 would be the ______formula for glucose.
a.chemical and empirical c. empirical and structural
b.molecular and empirical d. chemical and molecular
Section: Organic and Biochemical Compounds
_____32. All organic compounds must contain the element
a.oxygen. c. nitrogen.
b.hydrogen. d. carbon.
_____33.The atoms in organic molecules are held together by ______bonds.
a.hydrogen c. ionic
b.covalent d. metallic
_____34. The atoms of propane are held together by ______bonds.
a.single c. triple
b.double d. ionic
_____35.A chemical formula with the pattern CnH2n+2must represent a(n)
a.alkene. c. alkane.
b.alcohol. d. polymer.
_____36.Ethene differs from ethane in that it has a
a.single bond. c. triple bond.
b.double bond. d. quadruple bond.
_____37.An alcohol must contain a(n)
a.double bond. c. triple bond.
b.–OH group. d. –COOH group.
_____38. ______is a polymer that contains many different molecules of amino acids.
a.glucose c. DNA
b.protein d. methane
_____39. The polymer ______determines your genetic makeup.
a.carbohydrate c. DNA
b.glucose d. methane
_____40. A polymer of sugar molecules is called a(n)
a.carbohydrate. c. DNA.
b.amino acid. d. protein.
Draw the Lewis Structure of the Ionic Bond created in the following chemical reactions, write the chemical formula, and name the compound.
1) Lithium + Oxygen2) Calcium + Chlorine 3) Magnesium + Nitrogen
Draw the Lewis Structure of the Covalent Bond created in the following chemical reactions, write the chemical formula, and name the compound.
1) Chlorine + Oxygen 2) Nitrogen + Hydrogen