Electronic supplementary material 1
Search strategy: PsychINFO (OVID).
Search terms were identical for each database, with field abbreviations being adapted to meet the specific structure for the database where necessary.
01.attitud*.mp.
02.norm*.mp.
03.control.mp.
04.exp intention/ or intention*.mp.
05.1 AND 2 AND 3 AND 4
06.Theory of planned behavi*.mp. [mp=title, abstract, heading word, table of contents, key concepts, original title, tests & measures]
07.TPB.mp.
08.Theory of reasoned action.mp.
09.TRA.mp.
10.Planned behavi*.mp. [mp=title, abstract, heading word, table of contents, key concepts, original title, tests & measures]
11.Ajzen.mp. [mp=title, abstract, heading word, table of contents, key concepts, original title, tests & measures]
12.10 AND 11
13.5 OR 6 OR 7 OR 8 OR 9 OR 12
14.Adherence*.mp
15.Compliance*.mp
16.Concordance*.mp
17.14 OR 15 OR 16
18.13 AND 17
Electronic supplementary material 3
Data Extraction Table: Characteristics of Studies Included in the Meta-analysis of Theory of Planned Behavior and Adherence in Chronic Illness
Study / Condition / Sample characteristics(sample size, mean age in years (SD) and gender) / Study design / Type of Adherence Behavior / Theory of reasoned action/ Theory of planned behavior constructs measured / Adherence outcome measure(s)
Blanchard et al. (2002) / Heart disease / N = 81; age = 59.59 (11.49); male = 70% / Correlational; prospective / Exercise [b] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self-report: Godin leisure-time exercise questionnaire (Godin & Shephard, 1985)
+
Objective:Attendance at cardiac rehab classes
Blanchard et al. (2003) / Heart disease / N = 215; age = 59.52 (10.90); Gender not reported / Correlational; prospective / Exercise [b] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Objective: Attendance at cardiac rehab classes
Blanchard (2008) / Heart disease / N = 76; age: 62.6 (11.0); male = 76% / Correlational; prospective / Exercise [b] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self-report:Godin leisure-time exercise questionnaire(Godin & Shephard, 1985)
Brown et al. (2009) / Epilepsy / N=81; age = 41.9 (15.4) intervention and 44.10 (16.4) control; male = 39% / Correlational; prospective* / Medication [a] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Objective: medical events monitoring system
Chapman et al. (1995) / Diabetes / N= 48; age = 67 (4.3); male = 100% / Correlational; prospective / Diet [c] / Theory of planned behavior: attitude, intention, subjective norm / Self-report:
two items addressing whether or not participant had eaten high calorie food and how often
Chisholm et al. (2007) / Organ transplant - renal / N = 158; age = 51 (12.4); male = 60% / Correlational; cross-sectional / Medication [a] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Objective: pharmacy refill records
Cochran and Gitlin (1988) / Psychiatric - Bipolar / N = 48; age 40 (SD not provided); male = 35% / Correlational; cross-sectional / Medication [a] / Theory of reasoned action: all / Self-report: first author’s adapted scale
Conner et al. (1998) / Psychiatric / N = 61; age and gender not reported / Correlational; cross sectional / Medication [a] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self-report: what percentage of the time did you take your medication?
Costa et al. (2012) / Type 2 diabetes / N = 179; age = 59.6 (SD = 10.33); male = 57.5% / Correlational; cross sectional / Diabetes self-care (blood glucose monitoring) [d] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self-report: revised summaryofdiabetes self-care activities questionnaire (Toobert et al., 2000)
+ Objective (HbA1c levels)
Courneya et al. (2008) / Breast cancer / N = 242; age = 49 (SD not reported; majority aged 50-59); female = 100% / Correlational; prospective* / Exercise [b] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Objective: exercise class attendance
Courneya et al. (2010) / Lymphoma / N = 122; age = 53 (SD not reported); male = 59% / Correlational; prospective* / Exercise [b] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Objective: exercise class attendance
Didarloo et al. (2012) / Diabetes / N = 352; Age = 18-65 (SD not reported); female = 100% / Correlational; cross-sectional / Diabetes self-care [d] / Theory of reasoned action: all / Self-report: revised summaryofdiabetes self-care activities questionnaire (Toobert et al., 2000)
Gatt and Sammut (2008) / Type 2 diabetes / N = 100; age = 64 (SD not reported); male = 39% / Correlational; prospective / Diabetes self-care [d] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self-report: revised summaryofdiabetes self-care activities questionnaire
Gucciardi et al. (2007) / Type 2 diabetes / N = 61; age = 60 (SD not reported); male = 31% / Correlational; prospective* / Diet [c] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self-report: revised summaryofdiabetes self-care activities questionnaire (Toobert et al., 2000)
Hebert et al. (2010) / Insomnia / N = 94; age not reported; male = 38.3% / Correlational; cross-sectional / Implementing sleep hygiene practices at home [d] / Theory of planned behavior: subjective norm, intention, perceived behavioral control / Self-report: wording not reported
Hunt and Gross (2009) / Obesity / N = 212;age =41.23 (10.54); male = 21.2% / Correlational; prospective / Exercise [b] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self-report:Godin leisure-time exercise questionnaire(Godin & Shephard, 1985)and international physical activity questionnaire (World Health Organization, 2000)
Jeon and Lee (2006) / Hypertension / N=166; majority in their sixties (26.8%); male = 43.6% / Correlational; cross-sectional / Medication [a] / Theory of planned behavior: attitude, subjective norm / Self-report: wording not reported
Manning and Bettencourt (2011) / Breast cancer / N = 162; age not reported; female = 100% / Correlational; prospective / Medication [a] / Theory of planned behavior; all / Self-report: medication adherence report scale (Horne & Weinman, 1999)
Miller et al. (1992) / Hypertension / N = 56; age = 61.75 (10.74); male = 98% / Correlational; cross -sectional / Self-care (diet, not smoking, activity, stress, management and medication)
[a, b, c, d] / Theory of reasoned action: all / Self-report: health behaviours scale (Miller et al., 1982)
Quine et al. (2012) / Hypertension / N = 1070; age = 69.0 (11.7); male = 42% / Correlational; prospective / Medication [a] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self-report: augmented version of the Morisky medication adherence scale (Morisky et al., 1986)
Saal and Kagee (2012) / HIV / N = 101; age = 35 (7.05); male = 17.8% / Correlational; cross-sectional / Medication [a] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self-report: Morisky medication adherence scale (Morisky et al., 1986)
Sainsbury and Mullan (2011) / Coeliac disease / N= 265; age = 45.1 (13.0); male = 16.6% / Correlational; cross-sectional / Diet [c] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self-report: coeliac dietary adherence test (Leffler et al., 2009)
Sainsbury et al. (2013) / Coeliac disease / N= 390; age= 44.2 (12.7); male = 17.2% / Correlational; cross-sectional / Diet [c] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self-report: coeliac dietary adherence test (Leffler et al., 2009)
Scholz et al. (2012) / Organ transplant
(heart, lung, liver or kidney) / N=121; age = 54.32 (13.32); male = 67% / Correlational; cross- sectional / Medication [a] / Theory of planned behavior: all / Self- report: German version of the transplant effects questionnaire (Klaghofer et al., 2008)
Sniehotta et al. (2010) / Heart disease / N = 95; age = 63 (10.3); male = 72.8% / Correlational; prospective / Exercise [b] / Theory of planned behavior: intention, perceived behavioral control / Self-report:Godin leisure-time exercise questionnaire(Godin & Shephard, 1985)
+
Objective: attendance at cardiac rehab classes
Syrjala et al. (2002) / Diabetes / N= 149; age = 34 (SD not reported); male = 58.3% / Correlational; cross- sectional / Self-care - tooth brushing [d] / Theory of reasoned action: all / Self-report: diabetes adherence scale (Kneckt et al., 1999).
Vissman et al. (2013) / HIV/AIDS / N= 66; age = 38 (10.3); male = 74% / Correlational; cross-sectional / Medication [a] / Theory of planned behavior: attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control / Self-report:two-item scale
Note: [a] = Denotes studies coded for moderators as medication adherence; [b] = Denotes studies coded for moderators as exercise adherence; [c]= Denotes studies coded for moderators as diet adherence; [d] = Denotes studies coded for moderators as self-care.*Study had an experimental design but have been classified as correlational because the intervention was not aimed at changing the theory of planned behavior variables.
References
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