Science Study Guide Ecosystems

Name______Date______#____

Science Study Guide ~ Ecosystems

Chapter 7, Lessons 1, 2, & 3 Test Day______

Be able to match the vocabulary words below:

Ecosystem / All the living and nonliving things in an environment and the many ways they interact
Habitat / Area or place where an organism lives in an ecosystem
Population / All the members of one species that live within an area of an ecosystem
Producer / Living thing that makes its own food
Consumer / Living thing that eats other living things
Decomposer / Organism that breaks down plant and animal waste and remains
Herbivore / Animal that eats plants
Carnivore / Animal that gets food by eating other animals
Omnivore / Animal that eats plants and other animals
Food Chain / The transfer of energy from one organism to another by eating and being eaten
Food Web / System of overlapping food chains in which the flow of energy branches out in many directions

Answer the following questions.

Lesson 1:

12.What are the most basic parts of an ecosystem?

Living and nonliving

13.What are the 5 main non-living parts of an ecosystem?

Air, water, soil, sunlight, landforms

14.All living things have the ability to respond to the environment.

15.What are the primary factors that make ecosystems different from each other?

Climate and soil

**Be able to correctly place an animal or plant in a habitat based on its needs.

16.Identify the ecosystem:The driest ecosystem desert

Made up of swamps & marsheswetlands

Covered in grassesgrassland

Lesson 2:

17.What are the three levels of a food chain?

Producer, consumer, decomposer

18.Complete the following chart.

What role in the food chain? / Example
Producer / Make or producer their own food / Plants, trees
Consumer / Eat producers or other consumers / Deer, mouse, snake, hawk
Decomposer / Break down plant and animal waste / Fungi, bacteria

19.Complete the following chart.

What do they eat? / Example
Herbivore / Only plants / Butterfly, deer, groundhog
Carnivore / Only animals / Bobcat, snake, trout
Omnivore / Plants and animals / Black bear, robin

20.Why are decomposers important to the food chain?

They provide nutrients for plants.

Lesson 3:

21.What does a food chain always begin with?

sunlight

22.Where does the energy from a food chain come from?

sunlight

23.What animal need travels through a food chain?

Nutrients and minerals

24.In a food chain, if a fern is eaten by a deer, and then the deer is eaten by a mountain lion, what is the role of the deer?

To be the source of energy

25.Draw an example food chain, using arrows to show the direction of the energy flow.

Sunlight  Grass Grasshopper  Snake

26.What is most likely to happen if most of a population of animals dies of a disease?

The food web will change.