Proposal on “Promotion of Education of2883Children in an underserved area in Deoriblock of Giridih district”, Jharkhand state, India
Title of the Proposal:
Proposal on “Promotion of Education of2883 Children in an underserved area in Deori block of Giridih district”, Jharkhand state, India.
Executive Summary:
The proportion of children in India’s population is quite high and will continue to remain so for the years to come even with the declining fertility rates. Children below the age of 14 years account for over one-third of India’s population. Education is the key to overall human development and improving the educational scenario for Jharkhand is essential for its population and for India too towards the attainment of universal elementary education. The widespread variations and differences in educational outcomes within the state, across districts, social groups and other inequities relating to schools, gender, learners, achievements and some of the progress in elementary education in Jharkhand, in terms of enrolment, access and availability of schools, adequate number of teachers and other infrastructural facilities are still missing.
Jharkhand is a newly created state, though our country and state has advanced in different fields but its fruit has not yet percolated to the targeted people, further this has adversely affected, displaced and alienated from their basic source of livelihood i.e. land, water & forest.In Giridih district the rural areas the education scenario of the children is pathetic one. Schools are far away from the vicinity, lack of adequate teachers, lack of coaching and other required facilities the children are slow learners, unable to cope with the syllabus and drop out form the school. Obviously poverty and lack of awareness of the parents is the basic cause.
Deori block is a backward block in the district having a large number of Tribal and other backward populations vulnerable and socially excluded. The block is having a large number of women engaged in the farm sector too for cultivation of crop, vegetables and animal rearing process which is the main livelihood of the families. But the farmers in the area are cultivating in a traditional method for which the agriculture productivity is very low. Most of the families are also having animal rearing practices and collect forest products for maintaining livelihood as an alternative source.
The education scenario of Deori block is worst one. Only the children got admitted in the school run by the missionaries in the block are in bit good otherwise in Govt. Schools the situation is worst one. A large number of children are drop out during middle standard. In the targeted 20 villages based on the Baseline study conducted by the organization it has been found that 754 children are school dropout in primary and middle level. Non–enrolment into schooling and even dropping out often tends to be linked or associated with income and poverty situation. The impetus on education reinforced with the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan has influenced enrolment to a substantial extent and is also reflected in the lowering child labour. This not only deprived the children from schooling but this is a serious violation of Child Rights too. This scenario needs to be addressed.
So, Savera Foundation has been planned for Promotion of Education of the Children in an underserved area in Deori block of Giridih district” to support total 2883 children aged 3-14 years of age of 20 villages through various activities involving the other stakeholders, sensitizing the parents and empowerment of the community. This is in brief. The details stated in the proposal below.
Context:
The proportion of children in India’s population is quite high and will continue to remain so for the years to come even with the declining fertility rates. Children below the age of 14 years account for over one-third of India’s population. By 2016, India’s child population below 14 years of age is expected to stabilize around more than 350 million. No other nation in the world is likely to enjoy the benefits of having such a large young population in the years to come. It is only by ensuring that India’s children are well cared for, well protected and well supported that India can aspire to enter the league of developed nations. Even after nearly 60 years of independence, 55 years of development planning, India is far away from the goal of universalisation of elementary education.
Education is the key to overall human development and improving the educational scenario for Jharkhand is essential for its population and for India too towards the attainment of universal elementary education. Without addressing the challenges that keep some of the laggard states behind, India will not be able to meet the goals and benchmarks set out by Millennium Development Goals and Education for All. The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan since the turn of the new millennium spells the added emphasis laid on education for all children in the elementary stages, that is, eight years of schooling which was strengthened further by the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act 2009. In Jharkhand, the SSA gained momentum since 2005. Universalisation of Elementary Education means that each and every child of the ages 5-14 years must be enrolled in school nearby must attend school and complete eight years of schooling without dropping out. In spite of some major improvements over the years, educational outcomes reveal the challenges for bridging the disparities and providing fair playing grounds for all sections of the population. It has been shamed to say that, the education scenario of the state for the children not improved as such and large numbers of children are school dropout either doing nothing or somehow working as child labour at home or in production and service sector. In our project area, the school dropout children are collecting the ‘Mica scraps’ from the abundant mines and sale it to the local shop keepers.
The widespread variations and differences in educational outcomes within the state, across districts, social groups and other inequities relating to schools, gender, learners, achievements and some of the progress in elementary education in Jharkhand, in terms of enrolment, access and availability of schools, adequate number of teachers and other infrastructural facilities are still missing.
State Profile:
Jharkhand has become an independent state as the 28th state of India on 15th November 2000, carved out from Bihar state. It is located in the eastern part of India. It is surrounded by 5 other states; the total area of Jharkhand State is 79,714 sq. km. The state consist of 22 districts divided into 4 commissionaires, predominantly inhabited by different tribal communities and different small ethnic groups, having a total population of around 3.3 crores million as per 2011 census. Jharkhand is a state of tribes and dalits. By definition tribe is a social group, the members of which live in a common territory, have a common dialect, uniform social organization and cultural homogeneity. Tribal economy largely depends on three natural resources i.e. land, water and forest. Though tribal are basically agriculturists and 80% of the population in this mineral rich state is dependent on agriculture. They have always used forest produce as supplement to their agricultural produce to maintain livelihood.
Though our country and state has advanced in different fields but its fruit has not yet percolated to the targeted people, further this has adversely affected, displaced and alienated from their basic source of livelihood i.e. land, water & forest. Though Government has made so many proclamations for their development through its five-year plan, but notas such significant changes can be revealed among the tribal, dalit and backward caste people due to Government apathy and lack of right attitude. This critical situation compelled them for being exploited of various natures i.e. physical, mental & psychological etc. Poor economic condition did not allow them to take active part in political affairs, which kept the state as well as people aloof from the main stream in India.
Agricultural sector also continues to be neglected with the absence of enough support service from the government. Due to lacks of irrigation, credit, marketing, transport and extension education facility but despite of these acute problems in agriculture practices they are continuing traditional farming as they are deprived from alternate sources of livelihood. The worst affected are tribal, primitive tribal groups which historically are late entrants to settled cultivation on own land and on hilly slopes with very low fertility. Another group that is severely affected is the scheduled castes, (Dalits) and other backward casts, primarily agricultural workers with very little land. These people are compelled to live in the dire situation of abject poverty, lack of employment, superstition, malnutrition, poor health condition and low quality of life.
Education Scenario in Jharkhand:
Jharkhand Education is centered around the examinations conducted under the State Boards, Universities and Colleges. Jharkhand Madarsa Examination Board, Jharkhand Intermediate Exams Board, Jharkhand Secondary Examination Board, the Universities and Colleges comprise the education in Jharkhand. Literacy rate in Jharkhand has seen upward trend and is 66.41 percent as per 2011 population census. Of that, male literacy stands at 76.84 percent while female literacy is at 52.04 percent. In 2001, literacy rate in Jharkhand stood at 53.56 percent of which male and female were 63.83 percent and 38.87 percent literate respectively.
In Jharkhand, formal education starts at the age of 5, when the children are admitted to schools. The schools, which form the basis of education at Jharkhand, are affiliated to either the State Board or CBSE or ICSE. It is noteworthy that the government schools in Jharkhand are vernacular medium schools, where Hindi is the medium of instruction. Besides, the government schools, Education department of Jharkhand also consists of English medium schools. In order to improve the prospects of education at Jharkhand, the Government has launched the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, thereby consolidating primary education to all up to the age of 14. The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is an extensive scheme adopted by the Government and is carried out to universalize primary education in every nook and corner of the state so far the government effort is concerned.
District Profile:
Giridih District town is situated 214 kms far by road from its state capital Ranchi. The district is lying almost in the central part of the North Chota Nagpur Division, this district is bounded byJamui Districtand part ofNawadadistrict of Bihar in the north, by the districts of Deoghar andJamtaraon the east, by Dhanbad and Bokaro on the south, west by Hazaribaghand Kodarma.Giridih District is spread over an area of around 4854 kms. The total population of the district is 24,45,203 as per 2011 census. Giridih district of Jharkhand is a poorest most district. It is dominated by the Santhal, Dalit (schedule caste), Other Backward Caste and Minorities. A small patch of primitive tribal groups are there also in the district. The Santhals forms the majority in this area. Since the time of Independence very little progress has happened in this area. Livelihood of the people of the district is mainly carried out through agriculture and forests products. The soil is red, sedentary and suitable for paddy crop and other Rabi crops. Agriculture being their main occupation many a times and being more dependency on the natural rain causes them to fall in the vicious circle of poverty. Migration is rampant during lean period to plains of West Bengal, other cities and towns.
Education scenario in Giridih:
As far as Education scenario in Giridih district is concerned, in urban areas, and from well off families studied in CBSE affiliated schools the education performance is quite good and number of children from Giridih district studied in other institutions throughout the country ranked in different exam, but the rural areas the education scenario of the children is pathetic one. Schools are far away from the vicinity, lack of adequate teachers, lack of coaching and other required facilities the children are slow learners, unable to cope with the syllabus and drop out form the school. Obviously poverty and lack of awareness of the parents is the basic cause.
Block profile:
Deori blockis a backward block in the district having a large number of Tribal and other backward populations vulnerable and socially excluded. The block is having a large number of women engaged in the farm sector too for cultivation of crop, vegetables and animal rearing process which is the main livelihood of the families. But the farmers in the area are cultivating in a traditional method for which the agriculture productivity is very low. Most of the families are also having animal rearing practices and collect forest products for maintaining livelihood as an alternative source.
The education scenario of the block is worst one. Only the children got admitted in the school run by the missionaries in the block are in bit good otherwise in Govt. Schools the situation is worst one. A large number of children are drop out during middle standard. In the targeted 20 villages based on the Baseline study conducted by the organization it has been found that 754 children are school dropout in primary and middle level.
Project Area Demography:
Gram Panchayets / Village / Total HH / Caste wise families / Total PopulationSC / ST / OBC / Others
1.Bariya / 1.Bariya Khas / 110 / 4 / 0 / 73 / 33 / 760
2.Thakurtola / 271 / 19 / 0 / 151 / 101 / 1744
3.Diwantolla / 92 / 40 / 0 / 32 / 20 / 553
4.Mishratola / 82 / 0 / 0 / 42 / 40 / 463
5.Balosar / 57 / 0 / 57 / 0 / 0 / 310
6.Padariya / 37 / 0 / 37 / 0 / 0 / 225
7.Belkusi / 82 / 0 / 82 / 0 / 0 / 511
8.Nawaahar / 67 / 0 / 0 / 67 / 0 / 428
9.Tangpajawa / 38 / 0 / 0 / 38 / 0 / 215
10.Tikaittolla / 35 / 0 / 0 / 25 / 10 / 205
11.Sonapahadi / 41 / 0 / 0 / 41 / 0 / 201
12.Kharkatwa / 26 / 0 / 26 / 0 / 0 / 229
13.Pandebhitha / 27 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 27 / 190
2.Barwabad / 14.Bangro / 207 / 52 / 0 / 155 / 0 / 1279
15.Barwabad / 647 / 6 / 0 / 625 / 16 / 3357
3.Salidih / 16.Kislodih Lataki / 95 / 60 / 0 / 35 / 0 / 592
17.Kislodih Kisgo / 175 / 10 / 0 / 165 / 0 / 1076
18.Kirko / 73 / 23 / 0 / 47 / 3 / 722
19.Samuadih / 43 / 0 / 0 / 43 / 0 / 312
4.Manikbad / 20.Karmatand / 86 / 0 / 54 / 21 / 11 / 439
TOTAL / 2291 / 214 / 256 / 1560 / 261 / 13811
Source: Baseline survey
Situation Analysis:
In spite of large natural resources in Jharkhand, the poverty ratio in the state is second only to Orissa. This shows that the riches of the state have not percolated down to a large section of its population. The average per capita income is also associated with a high degree of income inequality and a rural-urban gap within the state as is evident from the high incidence of poverty in rural areas. Poverty in Jharkhand, like in the country as a whole, is concentrated among the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Obviously poverty is other reasons for such a poor educational scenario of the state.
Non–enrolment into schooling and even dropping out often tends to be linked or associated with income and poverty situation. The impetus on education reinforced with the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan has influenced enrolment to a substantial extent and is also reflected in the lowering child labour across the country over time. Jharkhand is also moving in the same direction. However, it continues to be among the worst states along with Bihar in terms of the educational development index (EDI) calculated by the NUEPA. The EDI comprises of 13 indicators for four subindices pertaining to access, infrastructure, teachers and outcomes. The infrastructure index improved especially for the primary schools while the teacher’s index presents the gains in this sphere at both primary and upper primary levels. Despite the index value improving for the upper primary level schools, the rank of the state remains at 34, the second worst after Bihar. From the above mentioned statement we can easily understand the problem of education of the children in the rural areas. This not only deprived the children from schooling but this is a serious violation of Child Rights too. This scenario needs to be addressed.
Project Area AWC and School Data:
Gram Panchayets / Village / No. of AWC / No. of Primary School / No. of Middle School / Total Education centers1.Bariya / 1.Bariya Khas / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3
2.Thakurtola / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3
3.Diwantolla / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3
4.Mishratola / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3
5.Balosar / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
6.Padariya / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
7.Belkusi / 1 / 1 / 0 / 2
8.Nawaahar / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
9.Tangpajawa / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3
10.Tikaittolla / 1 / 1 / 0 / 2
11.Sonapahadi / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
12.Kharkatwa / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
13.Pandebhitha / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
2.Barwabad / 14.Bangro / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3
15.Barwabad / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3
3.Salidih / 16.Kislodih Lataki / 0 / 1 / 1 / 2
17.Kislodih Kisgo / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3
18.Kirko / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3
19.Samuadih / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3
4.Manikbad / 20.Karmatand / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3
TOTAL / 13 / 20 / 12 / 45
Source: Baseline survey
The baseline survey has completed by the organization shows that in 20 villages there are 13 Anganwadi Centers, 20 primary schools and 13 Middle schools. So far the total numbers of middle school children are concerned; number of middle school is less. 8 villages are there where there are no middle school.
Children Data
Gram Panchayets / Village / 0-5 Years / 6- 9 years / 10-14 years / 15-18 years / 19 years above / ToPop
Boys / Girls / Boys / Girls / Boys / Girls / Boys / Girls / Male / Female
1.Bariya / 1.Bariya Khas / 41 / 45 / 55 / 42 / 56 / 52 / 44 / 22 / 217 / 186 / 760
2.Thakurtola / 104 / 83 / 96 / 87 / 106 / 98 / 99 / 84 / 510 / 477 / 1744
3.Diwantolla / 28 / 23 / 38 / 33 / 44 / 36 / 39 / 37 / 145 / 130 / 553
4.Mishratola / 33 / 25 / 22 / 25 / 22 / 23 / 18 / 17 / 155 / 123 / 463
5.Balosar / 23 / 24 / 13 / 24 / 20 / 21 / 11 / 15 / 82 / 77 / 310
6.Padariya / 22 / 9 / 10 / 16 / 11 / 28 / 10 / 15 / 47 / 57 / 225
7.Belkusi / 32 / 29 / 45 / 32 / 42 / 35 / 16 / 21 / 130 / 129 / 511
8.Nawaahar / 40 / 32 / 25 / 26 / 37 / 25 / 16 / 10 / 114 / 103 / 428
9.Tangpajawa / 14 / 20 / 11 / 9 / 14 / 9 / 11 / 3 / 69 / 55 / 215
10.Tikaittolla / 17 / 12 / 11 / 12 / 13 / 12 / 7 / 10 / 59 / 52 / 205
11.Sonapahadi / 13 / 21 / 12 / 9 / 13 / 10 / 5 / 8 / 57 / 53 / 201
12.Kharkatwa / 20 / 9 / 21 / 12 / 11 / 15 / 12 / 17 / 63 / 49 / 229
13.Pandebhitha / 5 / 6 / 16 / 7 / 19 / 14 / 27 / 12 / 44 / 40 / 190
2.Barwabad / 14.Bangro / 105 / 105 / 47 / 46 / 55 / 57 / 72 / 52 / 362 / 378 / 1279
15.Barwabad / 381 / 324 / 136 / 131 / 148 / 155 / 176 / 166 / 868 / 872 / 3357
3.Salidih / 16.Kislodih Lataki / 47 / 45 / 27 / 18 / 39 / 30 / 32 / 26 / 166 / 162 / 592
17.Kislodih Kisgo / 75 / 70 / 47 / 46 / 55 / 56 / 68 / 54 / 295 / 310 / 1076
18.Kirko / 82 / 76 / 26 / 28 / 42 / 36 / 52 / 42 / 151 / 187 / 722
19.Samuadih / 55 / 30 / 10 / 22 / 24 / 28 / 24 / 15 / 47 / 57 / 312
4.Manikbad / 20.Karmatand / 41 / 31 / 18 / 19 / 25 / 17 / 24 / 17 / 124 / 123 / 439
1178 / 1019 / 686 / 644 / 796 / 757 / 763 / 643 / 3705 / 3620 / 13811
Source: Baseline survey
The above mentioned children’s data shows that, 2883 children are school going in Primary and Middle level. 1403 adolescents and youths are there for Xth, XIIth standard level through majority are school dropout and working either in agricultural files or idle or migrated to other areas in search of job for far the observation is concerned during the baseline study.
School going & dropout Children’s data:
Gram Panchayets / Village / No. of children going to primary school / No. of children going to middle school / No. of children school dropout in primary & middle / Total School dropoutBoys / Girls / Boys / Girls / Boys / Girls
1.Bariya / 1.Bariya Khas / 37 / 33 / 42 / 39 / 32 / 22 / 54
2.Thakurtola / 66 / 49 / 72 / 65 / 64 / 71 / 135
3.Diwantolla / 21 / 18 / 23 / 18 / 38 / 33 / 71
4.Mishratola / 18 / 15 / 15 / 10 / 11 / 23 / 34
5.Balosar / 10 / 15 / 8 / 11 / 15 / 19 / 34
6.Padariya / 8 / 13 / 6 / 12 / 7 / 19 / 26
7.Belkusi / 22 / 18 / 25 / 22 / 40 / 27 / 67
8.Nawaahar / 25 / 15 / 25 / 15 / 12 / 21 / 33
9.Tangpajawa / 5 / 5 / 8 / 4 / 12 / 9 / 21
10.Tikaittolla / 8 / 5 / 10 / 6 / 6 / 13 / 19
11.Sonapahadi / 8 / 5 / 7 / 4 / 10 / 10 / 20
12.Kharkatwa / 15 / 8 / 6 / 8 / 11 / 11 / 22
13.Pandebhitha / 10 / 4 / 12 / 7 / 13 / 10 / 23
2.Barwabad / 14.Bangro / 32 / 28 / 34 / 32 / 36 / 43 / 79
15.Barwabad / 130 / 126 / 144 / 151 / 10 / 9 / 19
3.Salidih / 16.Kislodih Lataki / 22 / 16 / 35 / 25 / 9 / 7 / 16
17.Kislodih Kisgo / 42 / 42 / 50 / 51 / 10 / 9 / 19
18.Kirko / 23 / 22 / 38 / 32 / 7 / 10 / 17
19.Samuadih / 8 / 18 / 22 / 24 / 4 / 8 / 12
4.Manikbad / 20.Karmatand / 12 / 9 / 15 / 10 / 16 / 17 / 33
522 / 464 / 597 / 546 / 363 / 391 / 754
Source: Baseline survey