EUROSTAT
Directorate E: Sectoral and regional statistics
Unit E-4: Regional statistics and geographical information /
E4/REG/2011/09
(Only available in EN)
Working Party on Regional Statistics and Rural Development
meeting to be held in Luxembourg,
BECHbuilding— Room AMPERE,
on 4/5.10.2011
Rural development and maritime policy statistics
Item 8.1 on the agenda
Document available on Circa at:
The members of the Working Party onRegional Statistics and Rural Development are asked:
- to take note of the issues raised;
- to agree to the objectivesproposed.
1.Background
Introduction
In recent years, demand for reliable small-area estimates has increased greatly worldwide due to, among other things, the growing use made of them in formulating policies and programmes and allocating government funds, regional planning, small-area business decisions and similar applications. To build appropriate statistical indicators, the need for data on a finer geographical scale has increased. This is especially the case for the data neededonrural development and the Integrated Maritime Policy.
General frameworkforrural development and maritime policy statistics
Rural development and maritime policy statistics focus on socio-economic fields such as demography, the labour market, employment, education, economic accounts or economic activities (e.g. industry, transport, tourism, etc.).
The geographic areas for these domains have been defined at NUTS3 level and precise geo-spatial data is also used.
In order to calculate appropriate statistical indicators for these domains, Eurostat uses data already at its disposal. To providethe further information needed, calls for proposals (grants) were published on 16 September 2010 (9 applications were received). This collection will be assessed during 2012, including the data provided by the Member States which did not apply for grants.
Objectives
The main objectives are:
Improve data availability at NUTS3 level
Data at NUTS3 level may be used as basic information in order to estimate indicators or aggregates,depending on the reliability of this basic information.
Develop a regional inventory
Data from the regional inventory will be used as basic information in order to estimate indicatorssuch as accessibility to services.
The indicators or aggregates may be used, in particular, in rural development and maritime policy statistics.
2.Rural development statistics
Scope and purpose of rural development statistics
Rural development statistics aim to measure economic, social and environmental issues related to rural areas. They give an insight into the specific features of the regions (NUTS3) in the light of their rural/urban types.
Basic data used in this domain include socio-economic data at NUTS3 level and data from the regional inventory. The data fromthe regional inventory mainly consist of geo-spatial coordinates of specific facilities(e.g. schools orrailway stations).
Rural Development Policy is the second pillar of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Other EU policies (e.g. territorial cohesion)are also demanding data at a detailed geographical level, taking into account the rural/urban typology.
Rural/urban typology used for rural development statistics
Rural development statistics use the new rural/urban typology.
See Annex 1for a map showing NUTS3 regions by rural/urban type.
Additional information about the typology is available at:
Indicators used for rural development statistics
The latest version of the list of indicators/variables for rural development statistics, as agreed at the meeting of the Working Party on Rural Development on19-20November 2009, is set out in Annex 3.
This list is divided into three parts:
Part Icovers demographic issues;
Part IIcoverslabour market and economic issues;
Part IIIcovers mainly the infrastructure of NUTS3 areas which will allow Eurostat to calculate the accessibility of certain services.
DG AGRI presentsan annual report on rural development statistics, including socio-economic indicators based on Eurostat data.
Thepublication is available online at:
Network for rural development statistics
In order to improve communication and build a network for rural development statistics, a functional mailbox has been created:
.
Contact persons for rural development statistics will receivea message by the end of October 2011 in order to update the contacts list. Delegates are invited to disseminate this address to the rural development contacts in their national statistical institute.
Examples
Population of the EU’s predominantly rural regions
In 2009, the predominantly rural regions were home to 96.9 million people, i.e. 19% of the EU population. As can be seen from the figure 1, there were significant disparities between the Member States. At one end of the scale, 73% of the Irish population lived in predominantly rural regions and, at the other, only 1% of the Dutch population.
By definition, regions classified as predominantly urban orintermediate also have some rural inhabitants. However, the rural population is mainly concentratedin predominantly rural regions.
Figure 1
3.Maritime policy statistics
Scope and purpose of maritime policy statistics
Maritime policy statistics aim to measure economic, social and environmental issues related to maritime regions and maritime sectors. They are a horizontal domain in statistics froma geographical and sectoral point of view. They are split into three main fields: coastal regions (NUTS3), basins and maritime sector statistics.
As in the case of rural development statistics, the basic data used by maritime policy statistics are socio-economic data at NUTS3 level and data from the regional inventory. In addition, this domain also uses more specific geographical and sectoral data related to the sea (e.g. maritime area delineation).
The Integrated Maritime Policy for the EU is managed by DG MARE, but also involves other DGs and EU policies due to the integrated approach taken.
Coastal regions
‘Coastal regions’ of the EU are defined as standard statistical regions (NUTS3 level) which have at least half of their population within 50 km of the coast. There are 446 coastal regions in the EU, spread across 22 Member States: 372 have a coastline, 73 are near the sea but have no coastline and Hamburg has been includedbecause of its strong influence along the coast.
Statistics on coastal regions aim to highlight their specific features, compared with national level, and to estimate their weight in terms of population, employment and the economy.
Basins
A ‘basin’ is a geographical entity made up of one sea region (sea basin) and the coastal regions (land basin) bordering this sea basin.
List of basins:
- Mediterranean Sea;
- Black Sea, including the MarmaraSea;
- Baltic Sea;
- North Sea, including Skagerrak and Kattegat;
- North-East Atlantic Ocean, including theCelticSeas,Bay of Biscay and the Iberian coast;
- Outermost regions: French overseas territories, the Azores, the Canary Islands and Madeira.
See Annex 2 for a map of the EU coastal regions by sea basin.
Basin statistics aim to give an overview of the maritime activities based on a specific sea region and the socio-economic profile of the bordering regions.
Maritime sector(s)—ongoing work
Draft definition: The ‘maritime sector’ is made up of the activities linked to the sea. The link between the activities and the sea may, in particular,take the form of use of marine resources, use of maritime areas or the proximity of these areas. However, the intensity of the relationship between the activities and the sea may bemore or less direct.
For statistical purposes, the maritime sector is made up of a set of activities (NACE rev. 2). The set is split into two groups.
Group 1 is made up of activities totally or mainly linked to the sea (e.g. fisheries and maritime transport).
Group 2 is made up of activities partly linked to the sea (e.g. pharmaceutical products, chemical industries and tourism).
Statistics on the maritime sector focus on employment and economic indicators.
Examples
The EU population living along maritime basins
The most populated EU coastline is the Mediterranean. As Figure 13.1 shows, in 2009 the EU coastal regions bordering the Mediterranean housed 36% of the EU coastal regions’ population, followed by the regions along the North-East Atlantic Ocean coast (30%). This distribution is linked to the attractiveness of the area, but is mainly influenced by geographical criteria, such as coast length and the number of coastal regions in each basin. A total of142 EU coastal regions are spread across the seven EU Member States bordering the Mediterranean Sea, whereas only five EU coastal regions in Romania and Bulgaria border the Black Sea.
Maritime service areas
Highlighting the impact of coastal maritime activities on the hinterland
Maritime service (impact) areas account for 79% of the population of the EU coastal regions (NUTS3) and cover 36% of their surface area. However, the share of the EU regional population living in maritime service areas is widely dispersed. The aim of this spatial analysis is to map the maritime service areas and to provide related sets of socio-economic data referring to surface area and population. This analysis will be used in the EU Integrated Maritime Policy to define a socio-economic profile of the EU coastal regions and to highlight the inland impact of maritime activities on different geographical scales.
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ANNEX1:NUTS3 regions by rural/urban types
ANNEX2: NUTS3 regions by basins
ANNEX3:List of indicators/variables for rural development statistics, as agreed at the meeting of the Working Party on Rural Development on 19-20 November 2009
Issue / Indicator / VariableI.1 / Population change / Change of total population / - Population year 1= pop at 1.01.2009
- Population year 2= pop at 1.01.2010
I.2a.1 / Migration / In-migration / - International in-migration
- Internal in-migration (inter-NUTS3)
For age groups:
- 0-14 y -15-24 y
-15-64 y -65+ y
I.2b.1 / Migration / Out-migration
International out-migration (Emigration) / - International out-migration (Emigration)
- Internal out-migration (inter-NUTS3)
For age groups:
- 0-14 y -15-24 y
-15-64 y -65+ y
I.3 / Natural population change / Birth/death ratio and % change / - Total births year 1
- Total births year 2
- Total deaths year 1
- Total deaths year 2
Deaths: completed age at time of death for:
0 y, 1-4 y, 5-9 y,...85+y
I.4 / Age structure changes / - Age structure year 1
- Age structure year 2
5-year age groups:
0y, 1-4y, 5-9y, 10-14y, ... 80-84y and 85+y
I.5 / Life expectancy at birth / - Population by age group
- Deaths by age group
II.1 / Forms of employment / Percentage of self-employed persons / -Number of self-employed persons
- Total employed persons
II.2 / Importance of different sectors / Employment in agriculture and forestry, secondary and tertiary sector / -Average total employment in agriculture and forestry/secondary/tertiary sector
-Total employed persons
II.3 / Importance of public sector / Employment in public sector / -Employment in public sector
- Total employed persons
II.4 / Capacity of collective tourist accommodation (hotels and similar establishments) / Capacity of hotels and similar establishments (tourist campsites, holiday dwellings) / -Number of establishments
-Number of bedrooms
- Number of bed places
II.5 / Occupancy of collective tourist accommodation (hotels and similar establishments) / Occupancy of hotels and similar establishments (tourist campsites, holiday dwellings) / - Total nights spent
II.6 / Weight of manufacturing / GVA of manufacturing as % of total GVA / - GVA of manufacturing
- Total GVA
II.7 / Weight of tertiary sector / GVA of tertiary sector as % of total GVA / - GVA of tertiary sector
- Total GVA
II.8 / Relative changes of unemployment / Unemployment rate
By age group:
15-24y, 25-54y, 55-64y / - Unemployed persons
- Active population
II.9 / Human capital / Highest level of educational attainment (successfully completed)
By age group:
25-54y, 55-64y / - Number of people with ISCED 0-2
- Number of people with ISCED 3-4
- Number of people with ISCED 5-6
II.10 / Potentially available human resources / Activity rate / - Active population
- Population of working age (15-64 y)
II.11 / Relative changes of employment / Rate of employment / - Employed persons
- Active population
II.12 / Employment / Employment in the food industry / Data collected from the Business Registers
II.13 / Unemployment / Long-term unemployment rate / Number of persons unemployed for more than 26 consecutive weeks
IIa.1 / Structure of agricultural holdings / Farm size distribution / Number of farms in different size classes in ESU (Europeansize units)
IIa.2 / Weight of agriculture / GVA of agriculture and forestry as % of total GVA / - GVA of agriculture and forestry/of primary sector
- Total GVA
IIa.3 / Productivity of agricultural holdings / GVA of agriculture and forestry per annual work unit / - GVA of agriculture and forestry
- Annual work units
III.1a / Availability of roads/railways / - Km of motorways/NUTS3
- Km of railway/NUTS3
- Number of railwaystations
- Number of motorway exits
III.1b / Proximity to next motorway exit / % of population within a certain distance to next motorway exit / - Location of motorway exits
III.1c / Proximity to next railway station / % of population within a certain distance to next railway station / - Location of railway stations
III.2 / Supply with primary schools / Number of primary schools per 100000 inhabitants / - Number of primary schools per NUTS3 area
- Total population per NUTS3 area
III.3 / Proximity to primary schools / % of population within a certain distance to next primary school / - Location of primary schools
III.4 / Supply with secondary schools / Number of secondary schools per 100000 inhabitants / - Number of secondary schools per NUTS3 area
- Total population per NUTS3 area
III.5 / Proximity to secondary schools / % of population within a certain distance to next secondary school / - Location of secondary schools
III.6 / Supply with hospitals / Number of hospital beds per 100000 inhabitants / - Number of hospital beds in HP.1.1 general hospitals
- Total population per NUTS3 area
III.7 / Proximity to next hospital / % of population within a certain distance to next hospital / - Location of hospitals
III.8 / Health & care / Nursing homes/ homes for the elderly / - Number of facilities
- Number of beds/places
III.9 / Proximity to next university / % of population within a certain distance to next university / - Location of universities
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