Symptoms
Runny: adjective (runnier, runniest)
1(of your nose or eyes) producing a lot of liquid, for example when you have a cold
2having more liquid than is usual; not solid:runny honey Ç Omelettes should be runny in the middle.
Sore: adjective, noun
adjective
1if a part of your body is sore, it is painful, and often red, especially because of infection or because a muscle has been used too much:to have a sore throat Ç His feet were sore after the walk. Ç My stomach is still sore (= painful) after the operation.ò note at painful
2[not before noun] sore (at sb/about sth) (informal, especially NAmE) upset and angry, especially because you have been treated unfairlySYN annoyed
ôsore·ness noun [U]:an ointment to reduce soreness and swelling
IDIOMS
a sore 'point
a subject that makes you feel angry or upset when it is mentioned:It’s a sore point with Sue’s parents that the children have not been baptized yet.
stand/stick out like a sore 'thumb
to be very noticeable in an unpleasant way
noun
a painful, often red, place on your body where there is a wound or an infectionSYN wound:open sores—see also bedsore, canker sore, cold sore
Swollen: adjective
1(of a part of the body) larger than normal, especially as a result of a disease or an injury:swollen glands Ç Her eyes were red and swollen from crying.
2(of a river) containing more water than normal
Seedy: adjective
(seed·ier, seedi·est) (disapproving) dirty and unpleasant, possibly connected with immoral or illegal activities:a seedy bar Ç the seedy world of prostitution Ç a seedy-looking man
ôseediness noun [U]
Dizzy: adjective
1feeling as if everything is spinning around you and that you are not able to balanceSYN giddy:Climbing so high made me feel dizzy. Ç I suffer from dizzy spells (= short periods when I am dizzy).
2making you feel dizzy; making you feel that a situation is changing very fastSYN giddy:the dizzy descent from the summit Ç the dizzy pace of life in Hong Kong
3(informal, especially NAmE) silly or stupidSYN giddy:a dizzy blonde
ôdiz·zily adverb
ôdiz·zi·ness noun [U]
IDIOMS
the dizzy 'heights (of sth)
(informal) an important or impressive position
Queasy: adjective
1feeling sick; wanting to vomitSYN nauseous
2slightly nervous or worried about sth
ôqueasily adverb
ôqueasiness noun [U]
Feverish: adjective
1[usually before noun] showing strong feelings of excitement or worry, often with a lot of activity or quick movements:The whole place was a scene of feverish activity. Ç a state of feverish excitement Ç feverish with longing
2suffering from a fever; caused by a fever:She was aching and feverish. Ç a feverish cold/dream
ôfe·ver·ish·ly adverb:The team worked feverishly to the November deadline. Ç Her mind raced feverishly.
Rash: noun, adjective
noun
1[C,usually sing.] an area of red spots on a person’s skin, caused by an illness or a reaction to sth:I woke up covered in a rash. Ç I come out in a rash (= a rash appears on my skin) if I eat chocolate. Ç The sun brought her out in (= caused) an itchy rash. Ç a heat rash (= caused by heat)—compare spot
2[sing.] rash (of sth) a lot of sth; a series of unpleasant things that happen over a short period of timeSYN spate:a rash of movies about life in prison Ç There has been a rash of burglaries in the area over the last month.
adjective
rash (to do sth) (of people or their actions) doing sth that may not be sensible without first thinking about the possible results; done in this waySYN impulsive, reckless:a rash young man Ç It would be rash to assume that everyone will agree with you on this. Ç Think twice before doing anything rash. Ç This is what happens when you make rash decisions.
ôrash·ly adverb:She had rashly promised to lend him the money.
ôrash·ness noun [U]:He bitterly regretted his rashness.
Injuries
Bruise: verb, noun
verb
1to develop a bruise, or make a bruise or bruises appear on the skin of sb/sth:[v] Strawberries bruise easily. Ç [vn] She had slipped and badly bruised her face.ò note at injure
2[vn] [usually passive] to affect sb badly and make them feel unhappy and less confident:They had been badly bruised by the defeat.
ôbruised adjective:He suffered badly bruised ribs in the crash. Ç bruised fruit Ç a bruised ego
ôbruis·ing noun [U]:She suffered severe bruising, but no bones were broken. Ç internal bruising—see also bruisingadjective
Πnoun
1a blue, brown or purple mark that appears on the skin after sb has fallen, been hit, etc.:to be covered in bruises Ç cuts and bruisesò note at injure
2a mark on a fruit or vegetable where it is damaged
Graze: verb, noun
verb
1(of cows, sheep, etc.) to eat grass that is growing in a field:[v] There were cows grazing beside the river. Ç Parents have been warned against allowing children to graze on snacks (= to keep eating them, instead of real meals). Ç [vn] The field had been grazed by sheep.
2[vn] to put cows, sheep, etc. in a field so that they can eat the grass there:The land is used by local people to graze their animals.
3[vn] to break the surface of your skin by rubbing it against sth rough:I fell and grazed my knee.
4[vn] to touch sth lightly while passing it:The bullet grazed his cheek.
Πnoun
a small injury where the surface of the skin has been slightly broken by rubbing against sth:Adam walked away from the crash with just cuts and grazes.
Scald: verb, noun
verb
[vn] to burn yourself or part of your body with very hot liquid or steam:Be careful not to scald yourself with the steam. Ç (figurative) Tears scalded her eyes.ò note at burn
noun
an injury to the skin from very hot liquid or steam
Gash: noun, verb
Πnoun
gash (in/on sth) a long deep cut in the surface of sth, especially a person’s skin
verb
[vn] to make a long deep cut in sth, especially a person’s skin:He gashed his hand on a sharp piece of rock.
Blister: noun, verb
noun
1a swelling on the surface of the skin that is filled with liquid and is caused, for example, by rubbing or burning—see also fever blister
2a similar swelling, filled with air or liquid, on metal, painted wood or another surface
verb
1to form blisters; to make sth form blisters:[v] His skin was beginning to blister. Ç [vn] Her face had been blistered by the sun.
2[v, vn] when a surface blisters or sth blisters it, it swells and cracks
3[vn] (NAmE) to criticize sb strongly
ôblis·tered adjective:cracked and blistered skin Ç blistered paintwork
Sprain: verb
[vn] to injure a joint in your body, especially your wrist or ankle, by suddenly twisting it:I stumbled and sprained my ankle.ò note at injure
ôsprain noun:a bad ankle sprain
Scratch: verb, noun, adjective
verb
RUB WITH YOUR NAILS
1scratch (at sth) to rub your skin with your nails, usually because it is itching:[vn] John yawned and scratched his chin. Ç The dog scratched itself behind the ear. Ç [v] Try not to scratch. Ç She scratched at the insect bites on her arm.
CUT SKIN
2scratch (sb/sth/yourself) (on sth) to cut or damage your skin slightly with sth sharp:[vn] I’d scratched my leg and it was bleeding. Ç She scratched herself on a nail. Ç [v] Does the cat scratch?
DAMAGE SURFACE
3[vn] to damage the surface of sth, especially by accident, by making thin shallow marks on it:Be careful not to scratch the furniture. Ç The car’s paintwork is badly scratched.
MAKE/REMOVE MARK
4[vn+adv./prep.] to make or remove a mark, etc. on sth deliberately, by rubbing it with sth hard or sharp:They scratched lines in the dirt to mark out a pitch. Ç We scratched some of the dirt away. Ç (figurative) You can scratch my name off the list.
MAKE SOUND
5[v, usually+adv./prep.] to make an irritating noise by rubbing sth with sth sharp:His pen scratched away on the paper.
A LIVING
6[vn] scratch a living to make enough money to live on, but with difficulty
CANCEL
7scratch (sb/sth) (from sth) to decide that sth cannot happen or sb/sth cannot take part in sth, before it starts:[vn] to scratch a rocket launch Ç The horse was scratched from the race because of injury. Ç [v] She had scratched because of a knee injury.
IDIOMS
scratch your 'head (over sth)
to think hard in order to find an answer to sth
scratch the 'surface (of sth)
to deal with, understand, or find out about only a small part of a subject or problem
%you scratch 'my back and %I’ll scratch 'yours
(saying) used to say that if sb helps you, you will help them, even if this is unfair to others
PHRASAL VERBS
%scratch a'bout/a'round (for sth)
to search for sth, especially with difficulty
%scratch sthƒ'out
to remove a word, especially a name, from sth written, usually by putting a line through it
noun
MARK/CUT
1[C] a mark, a cut or an injury made by scratching sb’s skin or the surface of sth:Her hands were covered in scratches from the brambles. Ç a scratch on the paintwork Ç It’s only a scratch (= a very slight injury). Ç He escaped without a scratch (= was not hurt at all).
SOUND
2[sing.] the unpleasant sound of sth sharp or rough being rubbed against a surface
WITH YOUR NAILS
3[sing.] the act of scratching a part of your body when it itches:Go on, have a good scratch!
IDIOMS
from 'scratch
1without any previous preparation or knowledge:I learned German from scratch in six months.
2from the very beginning, not using any of the work done earlier:They decided to dismantle the machine and start again from scratch.
up to 'scratch
as good as sth/sb should beSYN satisfactory:His work simply isn’t up to scratch. Ç It’ll take months to bring the band up to scratch.
Πadjective (BrE)
1put together in a hurry using whatever people or materials are available:a scratch team
2(especially in golf) with no handicap:a scratch player
Fracture noun, verb
Πnoun
1[C] a break in a bone or other hard material:a fracture of the leg/skull Ç a compound/simple fracture (= one in which the broken bone comes/does not come through the skin)—see also greenstick fracture
2[U] the fact of sth breaking, especially a bone:Old people’s bones are more prone to fracture.
Πverb
1to break or crack; to make sth break or crack:[v] His leg fractured in two places. Ç [vn] She fell and fractured her skull. Ç a fractured pipeline
2(formal) (of a society, an organization, etc.) to split into several parts so that it no longer functions or exists; to split a society or an organization, etc. in this way:[v] Many people predicted that the party would fracture and split. Ç [vn] The company was fractured into several smaller groups.
ôfrac·tured adjective [usually before noun]:He suffered a badly fractured arm. Ç (figurative) They spoke a sort of fractured German.