Review Template #15: Chapter Ten WHAP/Princeton Review

Once More Recent Stuff: Around 1914 to the Present

Questions:

1-What is an NGO and why is it significant?

2-Why have most NGOs formed in the years since World War II?

3-What two ethnic groups live in Rwanda?

4-Which ethnic group governed the other ethnic group during German and Belgian colonial occupation? Why was this surprising?

5-What happened in Rwanda in 1962?

6-How did Juvenal Habyarimana change Rwanda?

7-Why did civil war break out in Rwanda in 1994?

8-Describe the Rwandan genocide.

9-Why does the genocide and displacement in Rwanda rank among the most devastating in recent history?

10-Compare and contrast independence in Africa and India.

11-Describe the newly formed Union of South Africa in 1910.

12-What was established in South Africa in 1923?

13-Which group in South Africa was banned from work in certain skilled occupations in 1926?

14-When South Africa won independence from Britain in 1931, did racial policies improve?

15-Define apartheid. In what year was it established in South Africa?

16-Discuss the creation of homelands in South Africa.

17-Who was Nelson Mandela and why was he significant?

18-Discuss the politics of the African National Congress.

19-What was the Sharpeville massacre?

20-How did the Sharpeville massacre change the African National Congress?

21-Discuss the pass laws of apartheid-era South Africa.

22-What happened to Nelson Mandela in 1964?

23-What happened to Mandela in 1990?

24-When was apartheid abolished? Who was elected president of South Africa in the first free and open election in the nation’s history?

25-What happened to Middle Eastern lands after the fall of the Ottoman Empire at the close of World War I?

26-What land in the Middle East was France put in charge of?

27-What land in the Middle East was Britain put in charge of?

28-What happened to Persia (Iran)?

29-What happened to Arabia?

30-Why did many Jews want to return to the “promised land”?

31-Define Zionism.

32-Discuss the Balfour Declaration.

33-Which nation gained control of Palestine in 1920?

34-Why was the Balfour Declaration problematic?

35-Why did many Jews flee Russia and begin to stream into Palestine?

36-Why did many Jews flee Germany in the 1930s and begin to move to Palestine?

37-What did the United Nations do regarding the land in 1948?

38-Who was David Ben-Gurion and why was he significant?

39-Discuss the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

40-Why were Palestinians without a home?

41-Discuss the Six Days’ War.

42-Why is the West Bank significant?

43-Why do Muslims resent Israel’s control of the Dome of the Rock?

44-Discuss the Camp David Accords.

45-What happened to Egyptian President Sadat? Why?

46-Cite two facts about the PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization)?

47-Discuss the intifada.

48-What did Israeli prime minister Ariel Sharon approve construction of? Why?

49-Discuss the “Roadmap to Peace”.

50-Cite two facts about Yassir Arafat.

51-Who is Mahmoud Abbas and why is he significant?

52-Discuss the “disengagement plan”.

53-Why does peace in the region remain elusive?

54-Cite two facts about Hamas.

55-Cite two facts regarding the Fatah party.

56-What is Hezbollah and why is it significant?

57-What complicates political realities in Lebanon?

58-Who was Reza Shah Pahlavi and how did he transform Iran?

59-Why were Islamic fundamentalists infuriated by Reza Shah Pahlavi?

60-Why were advocates of democracy dissatisfied with Reza Shah Pahlavi?

61-How did Reza Shah Pahlavi deal with dissidents?

62-Discuss the 1979 Iranian Revolution.

63-How did Ayatollah Khomeini transform Iran?

64-Discuss several causes and effects of the Iran-Iraq war.

65-Discuss the power struggle in Iran since the death of Ayatollah Khomeini in 1989.

66-Why has Iran caused international concern?

67-Who is Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and why is he significant?

68-Compare and contrast the role of women after the Chinese Revolution and before the Iranian Revolution.

69-Why was the Industrial Revolution a huge bonanza for the Middle East?

70-Cite three facts about OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries).

71-Why has OPEC become a less powerful organization since the 1970s?

72-What organizations are charged with maintaining international security since WWII?

73-Why was the International Criminal Court in the Hague formed?

74-Why did Iraq under the leadership of Saddam Hussein invade Kuwait in August 1990?

75-What were the effects of the Persian Gulf War?

76-Why was Iraq invaded in April 2003?

77-Cite three facts about Iraq since the April 2003 invasion.

78-Discuss Iraq’s “proportional representation”.

79-Why did the Soviets send thousands of troops to Afghanistan in the early 1980s?

80-Who was Nur Muhammad Taraki?

81-Why did a civil war begin in Afghanistan?

82-Who did the Afghan resisters known as “holy warriors” receive aid from? Why?

83-Why did Gorbachev remove troops from Afghanistan?

84-Why did conflict continue in Afghanistan after the Soviet withdrawal?

85-Cite four significant facts about the Taliban.

86-Who was Osama bin Laden and why was he significant?

87-What is Al Qaeda?

88-What is Al Qaeda’s main issue with Saudi Arabia?

89-What are three reasons why “Al Qaeda despises the United States”?

90-What happened on September 11, 2001?

91-What was the response of the U.S. government to the events of September 11, 2001?

92-What is the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?

93-What is the European Union (EU)?

94-What role has the English language played in globalization?

95-What is “McDonaldization” and why is it viewed negatively by some and positively by others?

96-Explain how “Socialism with Chinese Characteristics” or “To Be Rich Is Glorious” summed up Deng Xiaoping’s plans for China.

97-What were special economic zones in China under Deng Xiaoping?

98-How has China changed since Mao’s Communist Revolution in 1949?

99-Cite four facts about modern India.

100-How are present-day India and China similar?

101-Cite six facts about the International Monetary Fund or IMF and the World Bank.

102-What was the purpose of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)? What did GATT become?

103-Cite six facts about the G6, G8, and G20.

104-What is the “green revolution”?

105-Cite three effects of the green revolution.

106-List several global environmental concerns today.

107-What is global warming?

108-What was the Kyoto Protocol?

109-What must industrialized nations consider when making environmental policies?

110-Discuss changes in computer technology in the 1970s and 1980s.

111-How have the World Wide Web and the Internet benefitted people but how have the World Wide Web and the Internet also increased divisions among the world’s population?

112-What did women gain in many parts of the world by the first quarter of the twentieth century?

113-While many women have gained the right to vote, how do women still lag behind men?

114-Discuss the contradictions in communist countries regarding the role of women.

115-Discuss continuities and changes regarding women as well as changes and continuities in family structures.

116-Prove that nationalism continued to be a force in the twentieth century.

117-How did globalization transform the twentieth century?

118-How did the Great Depression demonstratehow most industrialized nations were heavily intertwined?

119-Is a convergence of cultures occurring today? Explain.

120-What were the biggest movements of the twentieth century rooted in?

121-Discuss self-determination.

122-What suggests the opposite of global convergence?

123-What do the authors of the Princeton Review encourage students to do?