RESEARCH PROJECT : DR JON PATRICIOS (Concussion in rugby playing children)
Search for: limit 13 to yr=1996-2009
Results: 1-65
Database: Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to November Week 2 2009>
Search Strategy:
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1 exp brain concussion/ (3646)
2 concuss$.tw. or 1 (4756)
3 rugby.mp. or Football/ (2890)
4 2 and 3 (192)
5 limit 4 to (english language and ("child (6 to 12 years)" or "adolescent (13 to 18 years)")) (72)
6 south africa/ (23890)
7 5 and 6 (4)
8 limit 4 to (english language and "all adult (19 plus years)") (77)
9 8 not 5 (34)
10 school$.af. and 4 (61)
11 limit 10 to (english language and humans) (61)
12 5 and 11 (39)
13 7 or 9 or 12 (74)
14 limit 13 to yr=1996-2009 (65)
15 from 14 keep 1-65 (65)
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Result <1>
Unique Identifier
15140712
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Jantzen KJ. Anderson B. Steinberg FL. Kelso JA.
Authors Full Name
Jantzen, Kelly J. Anderson, Brian. Steinberg, Fred L. Kelso, J A Scott.
Institution
Florida Atlantic University, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Boca Raton, 33431, USA.
Title
A prospective functional MR imaging study of mild traumatic brain injury in college football players.
Source
Ajnr: American Journal of Neuroradiology. 25(5):738-45, 2004 May.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although concussion is common among athletes, evidence-based methods for clinical evaluation, treatment, and recovery are lacking. We used a prospective, functional neuroimaging approach to assess sports-related concussion in which imaging was performed before injury so that brain changes resulting from concussion could be better understood. METHODS: Neurophysiologic correlates of sports-related concussion were investigated in eight college football players by using functional MR imaging. Preseason baseline levels of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activity were acquired during the performance of a test battery that included mathematical, memory, and sensorimotor coordination tasks. Four players who had a concussion repeated these baseline procedures within 1 week of injury. The remaining control players were retested at the end of the season. RESULTS: Specific neural signatures of concussion were detected in individual players by comparing post!
concussion results to preconcussion baseline values. The validity of these indicators was confirmed by comparing them with the same measures in noninjured control subjects. When compared with control subjects, concussed players had marked within-subject increases in the amplitude and extent of BOLD activity during a finger-sequencing task. Effects were observed primarily in the parietal and lateral frontal and cerebellar regions. CONCLUSION: Differences in neural functioning were observed in the absence of observed deficits in behavioral performance, suggesting that this approach may increase sensitivity to concussion compared with neuropsychological evaluation alone. Though preliminary, the proposed prospective neuroimaging approach may have great potential for understanding mild traumatic brain injury and identifying mechanisms underlying recovery.
Publication Type
Journal Article. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S..
Result <2>
Unique Identifier
12960905
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Zemper ED.
Authors Full Name
Zemper, Eric D.
Institution
Exercise Research Associates, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Title
Two-year prospective study of relative risk of a second cerebral concussion.
Source
American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 82(9):653-9, 2003 Sep.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To prospectively measure the relative risk of cerebral concussion among those with a history of concussion compared with those having no previous concussions by using a population of high school and college football players. DESIGN: A representative national sample of high school and college football players was followed for two football seasons over a 2-yr period (1997-1998) as part of a national football injury surveillance project. There were a total of 15,304 player-seasons and over 1 million athlete-exposures to the possibility of injury in practices and games; 975 of the player-seasons (6.4%) had a history of concussion in the previous 5 yr. RESULTS: There were 572 concussions recorded, 161 among those with a history (16.5%) and 411 among those with no history (2.9%). Relative risk for individuals with a history of concussion is 5.8 times greater than for individuals with no history (95% confidence interval, 4.8-6.8). CONCLUSION: This large prospective coh!
ort study indicates the risk of sustaining a cerebral concussion is nearly six times greater for individuals with a history of concussion than for individuals with no such history.
Publication Type
Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Result <3>
Unique Identifier
18443276
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Feeley BT. Kennelly S. Barnes RP. Muller MS. Kelly BT. Rodeo SA. Warren RF.
Authors Full Name
Feeley, Brian T. Kennelly, Steve. Barnes, Ronnie P. Muller, Mark S. Kelly, Bryan T. Rodeo, Scott A. Warren, Russell F.
Institution
Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
Title
Epidemiology of National Football League training camp injuries from 1998 to 2007.
Source
American Journal of Sports Medicine. 36(8):1597-603, 2008 Aug.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Football is one of the leading causes of athletic-related injuries. Injury rates and patterns of the training camp period of the National Football League are unknown. HYPOTHESIS: Injury rates will vary with time, and injury patterns will differ between training camp practices and preseason games. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS: From 1998 to 2007, injury data were collected from 1 National Football League team during its training camp period. Injuries were recorded as a strain, sprain, concussion, contusion, fracture/dislocation, or other injury. The injury was further categorized by location on the body. Injury rates were determined based on the exposure of an athlete to a game or practice event. An athlete exposure was defined as 1 athlete participating in 1 practice or game. The injury rate was calculated as the ratio of injuries per 1000 athlete exposures. RESULTS: There were 72.8 (range, 58-109) injuries per year during training camp.!
Injuries were more common during weeks 1 and 2 than during weeks 3 to 5. The rate of injury was significantly higher during games (64.7/1000 athlete exposures) than practices (12.7/1000 athlete exposures, P < .01). The rate of season-ending injuries was also much higher in games (5.4/1000 athlete exposures) than practices (0.4/1000 athlete exposures). The most common injury during the training camp period was a knee sprain, followed by hamstring strains and contusions. CONCLUSION: Muscle strains are the most common injury type in practices. Contact type injuries are most common during pre-season games, and the number of significant injuries that occur during preseason games is high.
Publication Type
Journal Article.
Result <4>
Unique Identifier
17369559
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Shankar PR. Fields SK. Collins CL. Dick RW. Comstock RD.
Authors Full Name
Shankar, Prasad R. Fields, Sarah K. Collins, Christy L. Dick, Randall W. Comstock, R Dawn.
Institution
The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Title
Epidemiology of high school and collegiate football injuries in the United States, 2005-2006.
Source
American Journal of Sports Medicine. 35(8):1295-303, 2007 Aug.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Football, one of the most popular sports among male high school students in the United States, is a leading cause of sports-related injuries, with an injury rate almost twice that of basketball, the second most popular sport. HYPOTHESIS: Injury patterns will vary between competition and practice exposures and between levels of play (ie, high school vs. National Collegiate Athletic Association [NCAA]). STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS: Football-related injury data were collected over the 2005-2006 school year from 100 nationally representative high schools via High School RIO (Reporting Information Online) and from 55 Division I, II, and III colleges via the NCAA Injury Surveillance System. RESULTS: Nationally, an estimated 517,726 high school football-related injuries (1881 unweighted injuries) occurred during the 2005-2006 season. The rate of injury per 1000 athlete-exposures was greater during high school competitions (12.04) than during !
practices (2.56). The rate of injury per 1000 athlete-exposures was also greater during collegiate competitions (40.23) than during practices (5.77). While the overall rate of injury per 1000 athlete-exposures was greater in the NCAA (8.61) than in high school (4.36), high school football players sustained a greater proportion of fractures and concussions. Running plays were the leading cause of injury, with running backs and linebackers being the positions most commonly injured. CONCLUSION: Patterns of football injuries vary, especially by type of exposure and level of play. Future studies should continue to compare differences in injury patterns in high school and collegiate football, with particular emphasis placed on high-risk plays (running plays) and positions (running backs and linebackers).
Publication Type
Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S..
Result <5>
Unique Identifier
11032218
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Guskiewicz KM. Weaver NL. Padua DA. Garrett WE Jr.
Authors Full Name
Guskiewicz, K M. Weaver, N L. Padua, D A. Garrett, W E Jr.
Institution
Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-8700, USA.
Title
Epidemiology of concussion in collegiate and high school football players.
Source
American Journal of Sports Medicine. 28(5):643-50, 2000 Sep-Oct.
Abstract
Despite evolutionary changes in protective equipment, head injury remains common in football. We investigated concussion in football and associated epidemiologic issues such as 1) incidence of injury, 2) common signs and symptoms, and 3) patterns in making return-to-play decisions. We received 242 of 392 surveys (62%) that were sent to high school and collegiate certified athletic trainers at the beginning of three football seasons. Of the 17,549 football players represented, 888 (5.1%) sustained at least one concussion, and 131 (14.7% of the 888) sustained a second injury during the same season. The greatest incidence of concussion was found at the high school (5.6%) and collegiate division III (5.5%) levels, suggesting that there is an association between level of play and the proportion of players injured. Players who sustained one concussion in a season were three times more likely to sustain a second concussion in the same season compared with uninjured players. Conta!
ct with artificial turf appears to be associated with a more serious concussion than contact with natural grass. Only 8.9% of all injuries involved loss of consciousness, while 86% involved a headache. Overall, 30.8% of all players sustaining a concussion returned to participation on the same day of injury.
Publication Type
Journal Article.
Result <6>
Unique Identifier
18614333
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Solomon GS. Haase RF.
Authors Full Name
Solomon, Gary S. Haase, Richard F.
Institution
Psychiatric Consultants, P.C., 310 25th Avenue North, Suite 309, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
Title
Biopsychosocial characteristics and neurocognitive test performance in National Football League players: an initial assessment.
Source
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology. 23(5):563-77, 2008 Sep.
Abstract
The use of neurocognitive testing in the assessment of professional athletes sustaining sports-related concussions has become widespread over the past decade. Baseline neurocognitive testing is now a requirement for athletes in the National Football League (NFL). We present preliminary normative data on a computer based neurocognitive test (Immediate Post Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing; ImPACT) for 159 NFL athletes. Also included are summary data on basic biopsychosocial characteristics, including medical, psychiatric, chemical dependency, concussion, learning disability/attention deficit disorder, and symptom variables, and the relevance of each to baseline neurocognitive test scores.
Publication Type
Journal Article.
Result <7>
Unique Identifier
18585890
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Shuttleworth-Rdwards AB. Radloff SE.
Authors Full Name
Shuttleworth-Rdwards, Ann B. Radloff, Sarah E.
Institution
Department of Psychology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa.
Title
Compromised visuomotor processing speed in players of Rugby Union from school through to the national adult level.
Source
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology. 23(5):511-20, 2008 Sep.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the residual effects of concussion amongst players of Rugby Union from school through to the national adult level, with pre-season testing on tests of visuomotor processing speed (Digit Symbol; Trail Making Test A and B). Comparison groups included 124 male rugby players versus 102 non-contact sport controls; 71 forward versus 53 backline players. Across groups there was equivalence for age, education, estimated IQ, and hand motor dexterity. There was a significantly higher percentage of rugby players with 2+ concussions than controls. Poorer performance was in evidence for rugby players compared with controls on all tests of visuomotor speed, and for forward versus backline players on Digit Symbol, with clinically relevant medium effect sizes. The results implicate vulnerability amongst rugby players on the prototypically sensitive function of visuomotor processing in association with years of exposure to repetitive concussive and !
subconcussive injury.
Publication Type
Comparative Study. Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Result <8>
Unique Identifier
17507199
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Hunt TN. Ferrara MS. Miller LS. Macciocchi S.
Authors Full Name
Hunt, Tamerah N. Ferrara, Michael S. Miller, L Stephen. Macciocchi, Stephen.
Institution
Department of Physical Education, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Title
The effect of effort on baseline neuropsychological test scores in high school football athletes.
Source
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology. 22(5):615-21, 2007 Jun.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Poor effort on baseline neuropsychological tests is expected to influence interpretation of post-concussion assessment scores. Our study examined effort in an athletic population to determine if poor effort effects neuropsychological test performance. METHODS: High school athletes (N=199) were administered a brief neuropsychological test battery, which included the Dot Counting Test (DCT) and the Rey 15-Item Test with recognition trial. One-way analyses of variance were used to compare groups with adequate and poor effort test performance. RESULTS: Most athletes (N=177; 89%) exerted adequate effort while a number of athletes (N=22; 11%) exerted poor effort on the DCT. Statistically significant differences existed between effort groups (p<0.05) on several of the neuropsychological tests. CONCLUSIONS: Poor effort was observed in the athletic population during baseline testing and athletes with poor effort displayed statistically significant differences in performa!
nce on neuropsychological tests. Adding an effort test to baseline examinations may improve post-concussion test score interpretations.
Publication Type
Journal Article.
Result <9>
Unique Identifier
18180412
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Collins CL. Micheli LJ. Yard EE. Comstock RD.
Authors Full Name
Collins, Christy L. Micheli, Lyle J. Yard, Ellen E. Comstock, R Dawn.
Institution
Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
Title
Injuries sustained by high school rugby players in the United States, 2005-2006.
Source
Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 162(1):49-54, 2008 Jan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence and characteristics of injuries among US high school rugby players and to identify possible injury risk factors. DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiological study. SETTING: The 2005 and 2006 US high school rugby seasons. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of 121 boys' and girls' US high school rugby clubs. Main Exposures Exposure to playing rugby. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of rugby injuries. RESULTS: Enrolled clubs reported 594 injuries during 113,641 total high school rugby athletic exposures (81,627 practice exposures and 32,014 match exposures). Rugby injury rates were 5.2 injuries per 1000 total athletic exposures, 1.3 injuries per 1000 practice exposures, and 15.2 injuries per 1000 match exposures. The mean age of the injured athletes was 16.5 years (SD, 1.2 years; range, 13-19 years) and 87.0% were male. The most commonly injured body sites were the head (21.7%), ankle (13.3%), and shoulder (12.8!
%). Fractures (16.0%), concussions (15.8%), and ligament sprains (incomplete tears) (15.7%) were the most common diagnoses. Practice and competition injuries were similar with respect to the proportion of concussions and head, shoulder, ankle, and knee injuries. More than half of all injuries resulted from being tackled (30.8%) and tackling (28.8%). CONCLUSIONS: As the popularity of youth rugby continues to grow in the United States, increasing numbers of physicians and certified athletic trainers will find themselves treating rugby-related injuries and answering questions from parents about the comparative safety of rugby. To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale study to describe injury rates and identify possible injury risk factors among US high school rugby players.
Publication Type
Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Result <10>
Unique Identifier
9022428
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
McCrory PR. Bladin PF. Berkovic SF.
Authors Full Name
McCrory, P R. Bladin, P F. Berkovic, S F.
Institution
Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Melbourne, Austin, Australia.
Title
Retrospective study of concussive convulsions in elite Australian rules and rugby league footballers: phenomenology, aetiology, and outcome.[see comment].
Comments
Comment in: BMJ. 1997 Apr 26;314(7089):1283; PMID: 9154057, Comment in: BMJ. 1997 Apr 26;314(7089):1283; PMID: 9154058, Comment in: BMJ. 1997 Jan 18;314(7075):158-9; PMID: 9022419
Source
BMJ. 314(7075):171-4, 1997 Jan 18.
Other ID
Source: NLM. PMC2125700
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To study the ictal phenomenology, aetiology, and outcome of convulsions occurring within seconds of impact in violent collision sport. DESIGN: Retrospective identification of convulsions associated with concussive brain injury from case records from medical officers of football clubs over a 15 year period. SUBJECTS: Elite Australian rules and rugby league footballers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Neuroimaging studies, electroencephalography, neuropsychological test data, and statistics on performance in matches to determine presence of structural or functional brain injury. Clinical follow up and electroencephalography for evidence of epilepsy. RESULTS: Twenty two cases of concussive convulsions were identified with four events documented on television videotape. Convulsions began within 2 seconds of impact and comprised an initial period of tonic stiffening followed by myoclonic jerks of all limbs lasting up to 150 seconds. Some asymmetry in the convulsive manifesta!
tions was common, and recovery of consciousness was rapid. No structural or permanent brain injury was present on clinical assessment, neuropsychological testing, or neuroimaging studies. All players returned to elite competition within two weeks of the incident. Epilepsy did not develop in any player over a mean (range) follow up of 3.5 (1-13) years. CONCLUSIONS: These concussive or impact convulsions are probably a non-epileptic phenomenon, somewhat akin to convulsive syncope. The mechanism may be a transient traumatic functional decerebration. In concussive convulsions the outcome is universally good, antiepileptic treatment is not indicated, and prolonged absence from sport is unwarranted.