RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES.

KARNATAKA, BANGALORE

ANNEXURE – II

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR

DISSERTATION

1 / Name of the candidate and Address
(In Block Letters) /
REGI THOMAS,
1ST YEAR M.Sc NURSING,
ST. ANN’S COLLEGE OF NURSING,
M MULKI, MANGALORE.
2 / Name of the Institution / ST.ANN’S COLLEGE OF NURSING,
MULKI,
MANGALORE-574154.
3 / Course of the Study and Subject / M.Sc. NURSING,
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING.
4 / Date of Admission to the Course / 01-06-2009.
5 / Title of the study:
EFFECT OF YOGA THERAPY ON WELL BEING OF ELDERLY IN A SELECTED OLD AGE HOMES IN MANGALORE.
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8 / B BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED STUDY:
6.1 Need for the study
The twenty first century has seen a triumphant increase in life expectancy as a result of improved health care facilities. Industrialization and development of urban township have seen more and more young people leaving their elderly parents to stay away at their place of work as a nuclear family unit. Lack of financial independence, social support, poor health status and loneliness subsequent to loss of partner are identified as some of the common causes of physical and mental problems among the older adults.1
There has been a sharp increase in the number of elderly persons between 1991 and 2001 and it has been projected that by the year 2050, the number of elderly people would rise to about 324 million. India has thus acquired the label of” an ageing nation’ with 7.7% of its population being more than 60 years old.
In India elderly people are being traditionally honored and respected. Urbanization, migration, the break up of the joint family system, generation gap and changes in the role of women in the contemporary society have altered the position and the status of the elderly people, there are currently about 354 old age home in India. Many of the elderly complain about their quality of life as being marked by poverty, ill health and emotional insecurity.
The effort today is not to heal but to protect and prolong ageing. According to this the aged persons should be as healthy as possible and reasonably meaningful conforming to the WHO slogan “it is not sufficient to add years to life, but it is more important to add life to years”.2
An ideal preventive health package should include the nutrition, physical exercise; meditation and prayer for the promotion of a positive mindset and to create a feeling of well being. Studies have indicated the efficacy of alternative therapies like music therapy, pet therapy and horticulture therapy to promote physical and psychological well being. Yoga therapy is successful because of the balance created in the nervous and endocrine system which directly influences all other system and organs of the body.
Yoga is a process of gaining control over the mind and body. By so controlling the mind we reach our original state. For the restless mind it gives solace, for the sick, it is a boon, and also yoga improves the muscle strength, immune stability, memory, and emotional stability, which are all the indicators of positive physical and mental health.3 .
A comparative study on wellbeing of the elderly residing in old age home and those in family setting was conducted in Tripura. The sample size was 60 elderly from old age homes and 60 from family setting. The mean subjective well being score of elderly living in family setting was 88, median 82 and standard deviation is 12-22. The mean subjective well being score of elderly living in old age home was 81, median 80 and standard deviation 9.32. This study revealed that elderly living in family setting are having more subjective well being and level of satisfaction scores as compared to elderly living in old age home. 4
An experimental study was conducted to know the influence of yoga and ayurveda on self –rated sleep in a geriatric population.69 elderly were randomly assigned to three group i.e., yoga, Ayurveda (a herbal preparation), and Wait-list control (no intervention).The group s were evaluated for self –assessment of sleep over a one week period at baseline, and after three and six months of the respective interventions. The study showed that yoga group showed a significant decrease in the time taken to fall asleep (approximate group average decrese: 10), an increase in the total number of hours slept and in the feeling of being rested in the morning based on a rating scale after six months. The other group s showed no significant change.5
Through observation and referring to different sources like literature review, previous studies on different therapies and the personal experience with elderly, the investigator found that most of them had low sense of wellbeing, so this motivated the investigator to undertake this study .Moreover the investigator has a desire to help the elderly through yoga in order to improve the quality of life and make to face the ageing process successfully.
Review of literature:
A descriptive study was carried out to assess the emotional problems among elderly in a old age home at Kolar (Dt). Sample consists of 50 elderly people. The study revealed that 38% of the subjects were suffering with major health problems. 16% of them were having minor health problems while the remaining 46% were healthy. Nearly was suffering from emotional problems. So there in significant association between emotional problem and general health status of elderly people.6
A comparative study was conducted on wellbeing of elderly men and women living in the joint family in selected rural areas of Chennai. The study samples were 40 elderly couples. The study findings revealed that nearly 50% of elderly women had low level of wellbeing when compared with elderly men (20%)., and also 20% of the elderly men had high level of wellbeing and none of the elderly women had high level of wellbeing.7
An exploratory study was conducted to assess the effect of a gentle iyengar yoga program on gait among the elderly. The study sample consists of 23 healthy elderly .An8-weeks iyengar yoga program administered to elderly in order to improve lower/body strength and flexibility.participance attended two 90 mts yoga classes per week, and wear asked to complete at least 20 mts directed home practices on alternate days. the result shows that Peak hip extension and stride length significantly increased (f1, 18=15.44, p<.001; f1, 18=5.57, p=.03, respectively). The study concluded that yoga programs tailored to elderly adults may offer a cost effective means of preventing or reducing age-related changes.8
An experimental study was conducted to assess the effect of a physical activity program on the physical abilities of women aged 60 to 75 in United States. The study sample consists of 55 sedentary elderly women. The variables tested were dynamic balances, muscular endurance, sit and reach flexibility, and muscular coordination. Participants were grouped into three exercise groups (n=45) and one control group (n=10). Exercise was performed for 1 hour, once, twice, and three times a week for three experimental group .Participants were pre- and post-tested for the selected variable. Significant difference (p<.o5) were found between exercise and non exercise group. The study concluded that the improvement in physical abilities of elderly women was proportional to the frequency of the training program applied.9
An experimental study was conducted to analyze the transient effect of stretching exercises on gait parameters of elderly women in Brazil .The study sample were 50 elderly women. The study revealed that of significant differences in the gait parameters of elderly women before and after stretching exercises. After stretching exercises participants were achieved a 6.6% greater walking velocity. The study concludes that stretching exercises should be viewed as the factors that influences gait performance in elderly.10
. 6.3 Statement of the problem
Effect of yoga therapy on well being of elderly in a selected old age homes in Mangalore.
6.4 Objective
·  to determine the well being of elderly using well being assessment scale.
·  to find the effect of yoga therapy on well being of elderly in terms of gain in wellbeing assessment score.
·  to find the association between the well being of elderly with their selected demographic variables (age, gender, marital status, religion, education, economic security, period of stay)
6.5 Operational definitions:
Effect: In this study effect refers to the extent to which yoga therapy improves the well being score of the elderly.
Well being: In this study well being refers to sense of feeling comfortable physically psychologically and spiritually as measured by the well being scale.
Elderly: In this study elderly refers to inmates aged sixty years and above residing in the selected old age home.
Old age home: An institution in which the elderly are cared for.
Yoga therapy: Yoga is the physical emotional conditioning of the body produced by engaging in a series of postures, stretching exercises, breath control and meditation.
In this study yoga therapy refers to selected yogasana”s which can be practiced the by the elderly such as the neck exercises, hand-in out breathing, Ardachakrasana breathing, Tadasana breathing, Aramasana, Shavasana spinal exercise and pranayama
6.6 Assumptions:
The study assumes that:
- elderly residing in old age home may have problems to cope up.
- elderly who live in old age home may have more physical and emotional problems.
6.7 Delimitations
The study is delimited to:
-The study is delimited only to elderly residing in a selected old age home
6.8 Hypotheses:
The hypothesis will be tested at 0.05 level of significance
H1: There will be significant difference between the Pretest & Posttest well being score.
H2: There will be significant association between the well being and the selected demographic variables
MATERIALS AND METHODS
7.1 Source of data
The data will be collected from the elderly residing in selected old age homes.
7.1.1 Research design
Quasi experimental (pre-test and post-test control group) design will be selected for the study.
7.1.2. Settings
This study will be conducted in a selected old age home at Mangalore. Approximately 400 inmates are present in the centre
7.1.3. Population
·  This study includes the elderly of 60yrs and above who are residing in a selected old age home at Mangalore.
7.2.1. Sampling procedure
The samples for the present study will be selected by using purposive sampling.
7.2.2. Sample size
·  The sample size for this study is 40 elderly. In this 20each will be taken as experimental group and control group.
7.2.3. Inclusion criteria for sampling
-  Elderly who are residing in the old age home aged above 60 years.
-  Elderly who are willing to participate in yoga therapy
-  Elderly who are able to read, write and understand kannada or English
7.2.4. Exclusive criteria
-  Elderly who are bedridden
-  Elderly who are chronically ill.
-  Elderly who are already practicing yoga
7.2.5. Instruments intended to be used
The tool intended to be used for this study
wellbeing assessment scale
Part I: Demographic Performa
Part II: Well being assessment scale
7.2.6. Data collection method
-  Investigator will undergo a training program for yoga therapy
-  Permission will be obtained from a selected old age home
-  The need for the study and the advantages of the study will be explained to the elderly
-  Informed consent will be taken from the elderly
-  Pre-test well being will be assessed.
-  Yoga therapy will be provided to the experiment group for a time period (15 days) and control group will receive no intervention
-  Post test well being test will be assessed after 15 days of pre test.
-  After the post test got over , the investigator offer yoga therapy for the control group in order to avoid ethical dilemma
7.2.7. Plan for data Analysis
The data will be analyzed by using descriptive (Mean, median, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi-square,‘t’ value). Result will be presented in the form of tables and graphs.
7.3. Does the study require any investigation or interventions to be conducted on
Patient or other human or animals?
Yes-yoga therapy will be taught to the elderly to improve their level of well being.
7.4. Has ethical clearance been obtained from this institution 7.3?
Yes, ethical clearance was obtained from the institution.
LIST OF REFERENCES:
1.  Priya Vijay, effects of music therapy on institutionalized older adults. Nitte nursing journal. 2006;1(1):17-18
2.  Gulani K.K. Community health nursing, principles and practices 1st ed. Delhi: Kumar publishing: 2008. 469.
3.  Dr. Nagarathna R, Dr. H.R. Nagendra, yoga. Breathing practice. Asansas, pranayama, Mudras, Bundhas, kriya and meditation. 2008. 3
4.  Debi chakraborti, well being of the elderly residing in old age home Vs those in family setting in Tripura. Nursing journal of India October -2009; 224-225.
5.  Manjunath, N influence of yoga and ayurveda on self-related sleep in a geriatric population. Indian journal of medical research.121: 683-90
6.  Rani V I. A study of well being of elderly men and women. Nightingale nursing times. 5. 2009; 57-8.
7.  Sreevani R. Emotional problems among elderly people in a selected old age home, the nursing journal of India May- 2007. 107
8.  DiBebedettoM, Effect of a gentle Iyengar yoga program on gait in the elderly: an exploratory study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005; 86(9):1830-7
9.  Ourania Matsouka. Effects of a physical activity program. Journal of gerontological nursing: 2003; 50-51
10.  Rodacki L F, Ricardo M. Transient effects of stretching exercises on gait parameters of elderly women. Manual therapy. 2009.14: 167-72
9. / Signature of the candidate
10. / Remarks of the guide
11. / Name and Designation of
11.1 Guide
11.2 Signature
11.3 Co – guide
11.4 Signature / MRS. SUDHA MAHESWARI R.
DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING,
ST.ANN’S COLLEGE OF NURSING,
MULKI, MANGALORE.
SR.LOREDANA KORAH,
DEPARTMENT OBSTETRIC AND GYNAECOLOGICAL NURSING,
ST.ANN’S COLLEGE OF NURSING,
MULKI, MANGALORE.
11.5 Head of the department
11.6 Signature / MRS.SUDHA MAHESWARI R.
12. / 12.1 Remarks of the Chairman and Principal
12.2 Signature

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