RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, KARNATAKA

BANGALORE

ANNEXURE II

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

1 / NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND ADDRESS / DR. MAMTA MALIK
POST GRADUATE STUDENT
DEPARTMENT OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY
BAPUJI DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, DAVANGERE.
2 / NAME OF THE INSTITUTION / BAPUJI DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL , DAVANGERE
3 / COURSE OF STUDY AND SUBJECT / MASTER OF DENTAL SURGERY –
ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY
4 / DATE OF ADMISSION TO
COURSE / 24 APRIL 2008
5 / TITLE OF THE TOPIC / SEX DETERMINATION BY
DIAGONAL TEETH MEASUREMENTS
6
7. / BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK
6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY:
Teeth are known for being the most resisted mineralized tissue against different
agents for destruction. They are therefore often used as a way of reconstructive identification. They are particularly useful in the determination of gender by using different odontometric techniques, of real interest in the case of major catastrophes when bodies are often damaged beyond recognition. Thus teeth add value to forensic sex identification.
Generally, the Mesiodistal and Buccolingual measurements of teeth, crown diameter and combination of root length are used in sex determination studies. One of the other common methods used is the mandibular canine index
However, the mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions sometimes pose a problem in taking the measurements such as crowding, cervical abrasions, attrition and interproximal wear facets, presence of dental calculus in the cervical third. In such cases, diagonal teeth measurements instead of width measurements can be taken.
A multivariate approach has found to be more suitable and accurate in the sex evaluation.Discriminant functional analysis is being used for such a purpose.
In this study, diagonal teeth measurements will be evaluated by using Discriminant functional analysis.
6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
A study was conducted on 60 individuals which included 30 Turkish males and 30 females. The study models of their upper and lower jaws were prepared.Mesiobuccal-Distolingual and Distobuccal-Mesiolingual measurements were taken of 14 teeth on right side of the upper and lower jaws. The data was
treated using discriminant functional analysis. The average accuracy rate with which sex could be determined was 83.3% with lower canine showing the maximum sexual dimorphism.1
A study was done by obtaining study casts of 58 females and 65 males. The mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions of upper and lower teeth were recorded and the data was analyzed using discriminant analyses. The accuracy rate for sex determination was found to be 92.5% and canines displayed the most consistent sexual dimorphism.3
Another study was conducted on 53 Nepalese adults consisting of 22 women and 31 men. The study casts were obtained and the buccolingual and mesiodistal measurements of teeth were taken. The analysis for both these measurements was done separately. The mesiodistal measurements could discriminate sex better than those for buccolingual dimensions.2
A study was performed on 100 Turkish individuals consisting of 50 males and 50 females. The study casts were obtained and buccolingual dimensions of 14 teeth on left side of upper and lower jaw were taken and analyzed using discriminant analysis.
The accuracy rate was found to be 77% with canine showing the maximum sexual dimorphism.4
A study was conducted by obtaining the study casts of 109 white boys and 95 white girls. Mesiodistal and buccolingual measurements were taken from the right permanent teeth of upper and lower jaws. The data was analyzed with discriminant analysis. The accuracy rate was found to be 87%.5
6.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
AIM:
To determine the sex of an individual based on diagonal teeth measurements.
OBJECTIVES:
1)  To demonstrate validity of the hypothesis that sex can be determined from odontometric analysis.
2)  To prove that diagonal teeth measurements can be a reliable diagnostic technique for sex determination.
3)  To prove that diagonal teeth measurements can be used as an alternative to mesiodistal and buccolingual teeth measurements
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
7.1 SOURCE OF DATA:
The study will be conducted by obtaining upper and lower jaw impressions and preparation of dental models of 100 normal healthy adults,50 males and 50 females, chosen randomly from the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology,Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere
INCLUSION CRITERIA:
Age Group:Patients between the age group of 16-19 years
Fully erupted teeth: Right permanent central incisor to right permanent second
molar.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
Fillings
Extractions
Crowns
Crowding
Orthodontic appliances
Third molars
Fractured teeth
Attrition, abrasion, erosion of teeth
Supernumerary teeth and supplementary teeth
Peg laterals, fusion, gemination
Teeth with dental caries involving the point angles (in anterior teeth) and
cusp tips (in posterior teeth).
7.2 METHOD OF COLLECTING DATA AND METHODOLOGY:
Upon the approval of the procedure upper and lower jaw impressions will be taken with alginate impression material followed by the preparation of their models by dental stone.Using these models,mesiobuccal-distolingual or mesiolabioincisal-distolinguoincisal (MBDL) and distobuccal-mesiolingual or distolabioincisal-mesiolinguoincisal (DBML) measurements of seven teeth on each jaw will be taken separately. All the measurements will be taken from the same right side. Digital caliper will be used for the measurements.
When placing the caliper parallel to the occlusal or incisal surface, the following points are to be accepted as a guide during the measurements:
MBDL: The largest distance between the mesiobuccal or mesiolabioincisal corner and the distolingual or distolinguoincisal corner of the crown.
DBML: The largest distance between the distobuccal or distolabioincisal corner and the mesiolingual or mesiolinguoincisal corner of the crown.
The data obtained will be analyzed using Discriminant Functional Analysis.
7.3 DOES THE STUDY REQUIRE ANY INVESTIGATIONS OR OTHER INTERVENTION TO BE CONDUCTED ON PATIENTS OR HUMANS OR ANIMALS? IF SO PLEASE DESCRIBE BRIEFLY.
Yes, alginate impression of the teeth of upper and lower jaws will be taken
with patient consent.
7.4 HAS THE ETHICAL CLEARANCE BEEN OBTAINED FROM YOUR INSTITUTION IN CASE OF 7.3?
Yes
LIST OF REFERENCES:
1.  Karaman Feryal.Use of diagonal teeth measurements in predicting gender in a Turkish population.J of Forensic Sci.May 2006; 51(3):630-635.
2.  Acharya Ashith B, Mainali Sneedha.Sex determination potential of buccolingual and mesiodistal tooth dimensions of Forensic Sci.July 2008;53(4):790-792.
3.  Acharya Ashith B,Mainali Sneedha.Univariate sex dimorphism in the Nepalese dentition and the use of discriminant functions in gender assessment.Forensic Sci Int.2007;173:47-56.
4.  Iscan Mehmet Yasar, Kedici P. Sema.Sexual variation in bucco-lingual dimensions in Turkish dentition.Forensic Sci Int.2003; 137:160-164.
5. Garn M. Stanley, Cole E. Patricia, Wainwright L. Robert, Guire E.
Kenneth.J Dent Res.1997; 56(6):697-698.
9. / SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE
10. / REMARKS OF THE GUIDE
11. / NAME AND DESIGNATION (IN BLOCK LETTERS)
11.1 GUIDE / DR. ASHOK L.
PROFESSOR AND HEAD,
DEPARTMENT OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY,BAPUJI DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, DAVANGERE-577004
11.2 SIGNATURE
11.3 CO-GUIDE (IF ANY)
11.4 SIGNATURE
11.5 HEAD OF THE
DEPARTMENT
/ DR. ASHOK L.
PROFESSOR AND HOD,
DEPARTMENT OF ORAL MEDICINE
AND RADIOLOGY,BAPUJI DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, DAVANGERE-577004
11.6 SIGNATURE
12 / 12.1 REMARKS OF THE
CHAIRMAN AND PRINCIPAL
12.2 SIGNATURE