RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, KARNATAKA

BANGALORE

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

1. / Name of the candidate and
Address (in block letters) / DR. NITISH NARANG
Bhattarahalli Nrupathuna road, 5th cross, behind Balaram Singh house
Virgonagar post, Bangalore-560049
2. / Name of the Institution / MVJ Medical College And Research Hospital, Dandupalya, kolathur (P)
Hoskote, Bangalore-562114
3. / Course of study and subject / M.S., (Oph.)
4. / Date of admission to course / 31.05.2011
5. / Title of the Topic: A CLINICAL STUDY OF OCULAR MANIFESTATION OF
INJURIES IN RURAL KARNATAKA.
6. / Brief resume of the intended work;
6.1 Need for the study:
Eye has been protected by nature anatomically because of its situation in the elastic fatty tissue of the orbital cavity, overhung on all aspects by sturdy bony projections of the orbital rim and the nose and physiologically by the vigilance exercised by the blink reflex and head turning reflex on approach of an object and the copious lacrimation which follows intrusion of any irritant material.
Despite this natural protection, injuries of the eye because of sports, road traffic accidents, agricultural and non-agricultural causes leading to permanent blindness, are not uncommon.
Because of this reason ocular injuries attain great socioeconomic importance in Ophthalmology.
This subject has been taken up for study because of ever-increasing number of patients with ocular manifestation of injuries in this modern era of industrialization. These injuries, if not treated in time and adequately may lead to severe ocular morbidity or even blindness.
An effort is being made in this study to evaluate pattern of ocular manifestation of injuries as studied in MVJMCRH including people of all age groups.
6.2 Review of literature;
The first three decades of life form the most vulnerable age group for various ocular injuries, attributed mainly to activities related to outdoor sports and work.
Amongst occupational injuries (38.25%), those due to agricultural activities (19.90%) outnumber those due to industrial accidents (12.24%).
Amongst non-occupational category (61.74%), injuries occurring due to sports and playing during early years, form the major chunk (33.80%)
Cornea being the most exposed part of eyeball, suffers the most (47.60%) while Iris injuries arenext in frequency (32.64%). The studies of Malik et al (1) and Sarda et al (2) substantiate this observation.
A retrospective study carried out in 2004 by Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, among the rural South India population, showed blunt Injuries (54.9%) were the major cause of trauma reported with most common setting where ocular trauma occurred was among agriculture labour (46.9%).
Nearly 3/4th of those reporting ocular trauma sought treatment from Ophthalmologist (57.8%) and 1/5th (20.6%) from traditional healers. Ratio of literate people getting ocular Injury was low (3).
At L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad a study conducted in 2006 on ocular trauma among rural population of Southern India, showed that men outnumber women in getting ocular injuries, ocular trauma was significantly more among labourers when compared to occupational groups.
Majority of eye Injuries occurred at work place (55.9%), followed by at home (21.7%). Majority of those affected did not wear any eye protection at time of trauma. A significant proportion (43.1%) of subjects who sought for eye Injury went to Ophthalmologist (4).
6.3 Objectives of the study;
To find out various ocular manifestations due to injuries in the eye or distant injuries among rural population.
7. / Materials and Methods;
7.1 Source of data;
Patients of any age reporting to MVJMCRH with ocular injuries from date are taken for this study.
7.2 Method of collection of data;
1.Method of study- Prospective study
2.Duration of study- November 2011- May 2013
Definition of study subject: -
Patients irrespective of their age group, coming to out patient department of Ophthalmology M. V. J. Medical College, Hoskote are taken for the present prospective study, prior consent is obtained from the patients or their guardians for further investigations and procedures.
Methods: -
Collection of data is by standard clinical pro forma used in all cases with salient points in history, clinical examination of patients are carried out in MVJ for anterior and posterior segment of eye.
Visual acuity is tested, Slit lamp biomicroscopy is done to study anterior segment and Ophthalmoscopy is done to study posterior segment,
Further investigations by x-ray, B-scan, CT-scan. Other special investigations done when necessary.
Inclusion criteria: -
Patients of all age groups coming to outpatient department of M .V .J Medical College and Research Hospital, Hoskote with recent ocular injury, head injury leading to ocular manifestations or distant injuries with ocular manifestations are included in the study.
Exclusion criteria: -
Patients having old ocular injury or with the sequel of earlier ocular injuries like vision loss, healed corneal ulcers etc. are excluded.
7.3 Does the study require any investigation or interventions to be conducted on patients or other humans or animals? If so, please describe briefly.
Only routine investigations like fluorescein staining will be done in patients with corneal involvement.
Routine blood investigations along with CT and MRI of brain and orbit done whenever required.
7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3?
Yes.
8. / List of references
1.Malik, S.R. K., Gupta, A. K. and Choudhary S., A study on pattern of ocular injuries in Delhi, Indian J Ophthalmol 1968; 16(4): 178-182
2. Sarda RP, Mehrotra AS, Ratnawat PS, Adnani K., Ocular injuries in childhood, Indian J Ophthalmol 1971; 19: 67-70
3. Nirmalan PK, Katz J, Tielsch JM, Robin AL, Thulasiraj RD, Krishnadas R, Ramakrishnan R. Ocular trauma in a rural south Indian population : the Aravind Comprehensive Eye Survey. Ophthalmology. 2004 Sep; 111 (9): 1778-81
4. Krishnaiah S, Nirmalan PK, Shamanna BR, Srinivas M, Rao GN, Thomas R. Ocular trauma in a rural population of southern India: the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study. Ophthalmology. 2006 Jul; 113(7): 1159-64.
9. / Signature of Candidate
10 / Remarks of the guide;
The effects of injuries on the eye can be very trivial as in case of subconjunctival hemorrhage or it can be associated with totally mutilating effects affecting the vision permanently.
This study is conducted to find out various kinds of manifestation in eye because of injuries to the eye or distant injuries.
11 / Name & Designation of;
( in block letters)
11.1 Guide DR. M. S. PADMAJOTHI M.S., (Oph.)
11.2 Signature
11.3 Co-Guide (if any)
11.4 Signature
11.5 Head of Department DR. M. S. PADMAJOTHI M.S., (Oph.)
11.6 Signature
12 / 12.1 Remarks of the Chairman And Principal;
12.2 Signature