Sociology Grade 12
Grade 12 Sociology Revision
Quarter Four Part 1(Answered)
Supply the missing word (s) in each of the statements below.
1) A rumor is an unverified piece of information that is spread rapidly from one person to another.
2) When a woman is permitted to marry more than one man at a time this is called polyandry and when the man is permitted to marry more than one wife at a time this is called polygyny.
3) Revolutionary movements aim at a total and radical change of the existing social structure.
4) Resource mobilization is the organization and effective use of resources.
5) Public opinion refers to the collection of differing attitudes that members of a public have about a particular issue.
6) When the father holds most of the authority this is called patriarchy. While in matriarchy, the mother holds most of the authority. In egalitarian however, the mother and the father share authority.
7) Anything that is considered to be part of the supernatural world and that inspires awe, respect, and reverence is called sacred. Anything considered to be part of the ordinary world, and thus, commonplace and familiar is profane.
8) A social movement is a long-term conscious effort to promote or prevent social change.
9) The idea that moral principles have a sacred quality is the core of ethicalism.
10) In bilateral descent, Kinship is traced through both parents, and property can be inherited from either side of the family.
11) My father and mother can be part of my family of orientation, nuclear family, extended family but they can never be part of my family of procreation.
12) My son and daughter can be part of my family of procreation, nuclear family, extended family but they can never be part of my family of orientation.
13) Societies with animistic religions view spirits in animals, wind, and plants as supernatural.
14) Conservative movements try to protect what they see as society’s prevailing values from change that they consider to be a threat to those values. Revisionary movements, like The Environmental Movement, try to correct and reform society’s behavior.
15) A social movement that has already been through all the stages has eventually been accepted by society.
16) Descent patterns establish who inherits the family home, marriage patterns determine the number of husbands and wives in one family, residential patterns determine where the newly married couple live, and authority patterns determines who rules in the family.
17) Patrilocality is when the newly married couple is expected to live with or near the husband’s parents while matrilocality is when the newly married couple is expected to live with or near the wife’s parents.
18) When there is only one wife and one husband in the nuclear family this is called monogamy.
Grade 12 Sociology Revision
Quarter Four Part 2 (Answered)
Answer The Following Questions:
1) List the basic functions of the family and describe only two of them.
A ) Regulation of sexual activity: All societies regulate the sexual activities of their members to some degree. //
b ) Reproduction: In every society the family is the approved social unit for the performance of this function.//
c) Socialization: The family is the first agent of socialization that most children encounter.//
d) Economic and emotional security: The family acts as the basic economic unit in society. The family is expected to provide the individual with a loving and caring environment.
2) How do families help societies to survive and to grow?
Families produce and socialize children and give them emotional and economic support.
3) Why is it important to establish kinship in families? Especially royal families?
to establish the line of inheritance, especially to the throne
4) Identify the three broad kinship grouping & give examples for each of them.
primary relatives: the closest relatives: The seven possible categories of primary relatives are mother, father, sister, brother, spouse, daughter, and son. // Secondary relatives: are the primary relatives of an individual’s primary relatives including grandparents, grandchildren, in-laws, aunts, uncles, nephews, and nieces. // Tertiary relatives: are primary relatives of an individual’s secondary relatives, and include great-grandparents, great-grandchildren, great-aunts, great-uncles, and cousins.
5) Compare and contrast shamanism and totemism.
Comparison: Both are types of animism belief system which believes that spirits actively influence human life.
Contrast: In shamanism, it is believed that spirits communicate with only one person in the group. This person is called the shaman.
Totemism, involves a belief in kinship between humans and animals or natural objects. The animal or object, called a totem, is thought to represent a family and their ancestors and is considered sacred.
6) Compare and contrast monotheism and polytheism.
Comparison: Both involve belief in a god or gods considered divine and worthy of worship.
Contrast: Monotheists believe in one god and consider that god a divine power. Polytheists believe in more than one god.
7) Give examples to religions that exercise social control.
Islam forbids drinking alcohol. The Catholic church tells people not to use birth control. Hasidic Jews have dietary restrictions.
8) Why are suicide rates lower among people with strong religious attachments?
Connections to God and to other people give support and purpose.
9) State the four stages of the life cycle of social movements and explain them.
a ) Agitation: create public awareness that a problem exists
b ) Legitimation: increased acceptance of the movement by society
c ) Bureaucratization: devise authority and official policies
d ) Institutionalization: The movement becomes an established part of society.
10) How do social movements differ from other collectivities, such as crowds and collective preoccupations?
Social movements are long-lasting, possess a highly structured organization for formally recognized leaders, and make a deliberate attempt to institute or block societal change.
11) What is the goal of most social movements?
to change society, though the amount of change sought may differ
12) Develop: Why is mass hysteria usually short-lived?
People eventually slow down and calm enough to realize that the source of their anxiety is unfounded.
13) How does mass media fuel mass hysteria?
by quickly spreading misinformation and even exaggerate it
14) Why do sociologists find it difficult to study collective behavior?
a ) The range of material covered under collective behavior is enormous/
b ) It is relatively short-lived, spontaneous, and emotional. /
c) It involves large numbers of people who do not know one another.
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