Appendices

Appendix A

Survey used to determine accommodations and means of travel for the 2012 Homecoming Events. This survey was given in-person by student volunteers.

Hello, my name is ______. I am part of a UA student group and we are interviewing people about their homecoming experiences and travels. May I ask you a few questions?

(If overcoming objections) The survey will only take a few minutes and it is completely anonymous. Your information will also help to improve next year's Homecoming event.

Q1. Are you a full-time resident of Tucson or current UA student living in Tucson?

1. Yes

2. No

*** IF ANSWERED “YES” THEY ARE A FULL TIME RESIDENT OR CURRENT STUDENT - SKIP TO QUESTION 9 ***

Q2. Is the UA Homecoming your primary purpose for visiting Tucson?

1. Yes

2. No

*** IF YES – GO TO QUESTION 3. IF NO – ASK FOLLOW UP QUESTION “FOR WHAT OTHER REASONS ARE YOU VISITING TUCSON ON THIS TRIP ***

Q3. What is your zip code and/or your home town:

1. Zip Code

2. Home Town

Q4. Which of the following form the list I am going to read to you best represents your primary mode of transportation for this trip to Tucson:

1. Automobile

2. Motorcycle

3. Motorhome / RV

4. Bus

5. Airplane

6. Train

*** IF RESPONDENT ANSWERS WITH MORE THAN ONE, ASK THEM TO PLEASE CHOSE THE ONE THAT BEST REPRESENTS THEIR MODE OF TRAVEL TO TUCSON ***

Q5. Including yourself, how many total people traveled with you to the UA homecoming?

1. Open ended response

*** NOTE THE “INCLUDING YOURSELF” ***

Q6. What day did arrive for homecoming?

1. Wednesday or before

2. Thursday

3. Friday

4. Saturday (today)

Q7. What day are you planning on leaving?

1. Saturday (today)

2. Sunday

3. Monday

4. Tuesday or later

Q8. For the most part, what type of accommodations will you stay in during this trip?

1. Hotel/Resort

2. Motel

3. Private home / condo

4. Motorhome / RV

5. Camping

*** IF MORE THAN ONE, ASK RESPONDENT TO CHOSE THE ONE THAT WAS MOST PREDOMINANT – IF RESPONDENT DOES NOT FEEL THAT ANY OF THE ABOVE REPRESENT THEIR TYPE OF ACCOMODATIONS, LEAVE BLANK ***

Q9. Approximately, how far are you located from the UA campus (in miles)? (if on campus, indicate 0)

1. Open-ended numeric response

*** PLEASE RECORD ANSWERS IN WHOLE NUMBERS (ROUND UP). E.G. 2 ½ WOULD BE 3. ALSO RECORD THE ANSWERS AS NUMBERS AND NOT WORDS. I.E. “3” AND NOT “THREE” ***

Q10. On most days, how will you primarily get to the UA Homecoming events?

1. Automobile

2. Motorcycle

3. Motorhome / RV

4. CatTran

5. Public Bus

6. Taxi Cab

7. Biking

8. Walking

*** IF RESPONDENT ANSWERS WITH MORE THAN ONE, ASK THEM TO PLEASE CHOSE THE ONE THAT BEST REPRESENTS THEIR MODE OF TRANSPORTATION TO HOMECOMING EVENTS ***

Q11. Including this year, over the past five years, how many times have you attended Homecoming?

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

5. 5

Q12. In one or two sentences, tell me what you enjoy most about Homecoming?

1. Open ended response

*** IF RESPONDENT PROVIDES LONG ANSWER – RECORD THE FIRST SENTENCE OR TWO ***

Q13. From which of the following sources did you receive information about the 2012 UA Homecoming? Please answer “yes” or “no” to each of the following:

1. Mailing from your college

2. Mailing from your fraternity/sorority

3. The Arizona Alumni magazine

4. Personal invitation from a friend/classmate

5. Class reunion mailing

6. Mailing from a campus or alumni group

7. Information from local TV, radio or newspaper

8. University of Arizona website

9. University of Arizona Alumni Association website

10. Other website (college, group, etc)

*** THIS IS A CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY AND NOT CHOOSE THE BEST ONE. EACH ONE SHOULD BE TREATED AS A SEPARATE ANSWER – IF THEY SAY “YES”, CODE AS A “1”. IF THEY SAY “NO” CODE AS A “0” ***

Q14. Which of the following best describes your affiliation with the University of Arizona?

1. Student

2. Alumni

3. Faculty/Staff

4. UA Sports Fan/Local resident (not affiliated in any other way)

5. Other

*** FOR “OTHER” – PLEASE ASK RESPONDENT TO SPECIFY WHAT THEIR AFFILIATION IS ***

Appendix B

Survey used to determine accommodations and means of travel for the 2013 Homecoming Events. This survey was given online when attendees purchased tickets to Homecoming.

Travel Survey - Online Purchasers of Homecoming Tickets

[Introduction/Reward Offer]

You’ve purchased tickets to the Nov. 9th Homecoming Football Game versus UCLA.

A group of UA students are researching the economic, environmental, and societal impacts of Homecoming Weekend, UA’s largest annual event.

Please assist their project by answering just 10 simple questions. Responses are completely anonymous.

All participants are automatically entered for a chance to win a $100 gift certificate to UA Bookstores and Team Shop!

[Survey Questions]

Question 1 of 10

Will you also be attending Homecoming Weekend festivities or just the football game?

  1. Homecoming Festivities (including the UA tailgate and parade)
  2. Just the football game

Question 2 of 10

Are you travelling from outside of Tucson to attend the Homecoming Game and/or Festivities?

  1. Yes
  2. No

Question 3 of 10

IF you are travelling from outside of Tucson for Homecoming Weekend, what is your city of origin?

  1. [OPEN RESPONSE: City] [OPEN RESPONSE: State] [OPEN RESPONSE: Country]

Question 4 of 10

IF you are travelling from outside of Tucson for Homecoming Weekend, what is your mode of travel?

  1. Automobile
  2. Motorcycle
  3. Motorhome/RV
  4. Bus
  5. Airplane
  6. Bicycle
  7. Train
  8. Not Applicable. I am not travelling from outside of Tucson

Question 5 of 10

IF you are travelling from outside of Tucson for Homecoming Weekend, how many total people will travel with you (including yourself)?

  1. [OPEN RESPONSE: Number]

Question 6 of 10

IF you are travelling from outside of Tucson for Homecoming Weekend, when will you arrive and depart?

  1. Arrive to Tucson
  2. 11/9/13 (Day of Game)
  3. 11/8/13 (Friday)
  4. 11/7/13 (Thursday)
  5. 11/6/13 (Wednesday)
  6. 11/5/13 (Tuesday)
  7. 11/4/13 (Monday)
  8. Earlier than 11/4/13
  9. Depart from Tucson
  10. 11/9/13 (Day of Game)
  11. 11/10/13 (Sunday)
  12. 11/11/13 (Monday)
  13. 11/12/13 (Tuesday)
  14. 11/13/13 (Wednesday)
  15. 11/14/13 (Thursday)
  16. 11/15/13 (Friday)
  17. Later than 11/15/13

Question 7 of 10

For the most part, what type of accommodations will you stay in during Homecoming Weekend?

  1. Hotel
  2. House
  3. Apartment/Condo
  4. Dormitory
  5. Motorhome/RV
  6. Not Applicable. I will only be in Tucson for the day of the game.

Question 8 of 10

Approximately how far is your home (if Tucson resident) or accommodation (if out-of-town overnight guest) from the UA campus?

  1. 0 miles (On Campus)
  2. Less than 5 miles (Most of Mid-Town Tucson and Foothills)
  3. Between 5 and 10 miles (Near Tucson Airport or Oro Valley)
  4. Between 10 and 20 miles (Farthest reaches of Metro Tucson Area)
  5. More than 20 miles

Question 9 of 10

How will you travel to the UA campus from within Tucson?

  1. Automobile
  2. Motorcycle
  3. Motorhome/RV
  4. Bus
  5. Taxi
  6. Walk/Bicycle

Question 10 of 10

Which of the following best describes your affiliation with the University of Arizona?

  1. Student
  2. Alumnus
  3. Faculty/Staff
  4. Relative of UA Student, Alumnus, or Faculty/Staff
  5. UA Sports Fan, Local Resident, Other

[Thank You/Summary]

Thank you for participating in this survey. Your participation helps UA students researching the economic, environmental, and societal impacts of Homecoming Weekend. The winner of the raffle prize will be notified via the email address associated with the ticket order. Thanks for sharing your journey, and see you at the game. Bear Down!

Appendix C

Survey conducted in-person by student data collectors used to determine the materials and food brought by tailgaters for Homecoming 2013.

Intro:

“Hello! I’m [YOUR FIRST NAME]. I’m working on a project related to Homecoming. May I ask you four questions to learn more about your tailgate set up?”

QUESTIONS:

  1. About how many people do you expect to serve through your tailgate?
  1. Are you grilling? If yes, how many grills are you using?
  1. What are you serving at your tailgate and about how much are you serving? Please be as descriptive as possible – For example, pounds of beef/meat, bags of chips, etc.
  1. What kind of drinks are you serving and how much are you serving? Please be as descriptive as possible and indicate what kinds of containers they are in (aluminum cans, bottles, etc.).

Appendix D

This form was used at each event for Homecoming 2012.

Data Collection Form Homecoming 2012

Event Title:

Date:

Time:

Location:

Student Manager:

Student Manager Contact Info:

------

MIS Student Observer Names and Email Addresses:

------

CRASH COURSE ON SURVIVING:

  • Tweet your managers or Deep Green! Use #deepgreen to report any interesting observations or post any pictures you have taken!
  • Contact your managers with any questions! We’re here to support YOU!
  • Record as much detail as you possibly can! It’ll make time fly as well as help us with data analysis later!
  • If you think of anything that we’ve missed, there’s room for additional obserations and comments at the end of the form!
  • There is a map of the location and venue on the back page of this form!
  • GOOD LUCK AND HAVE FUN !

Attendance and Scope of Event:

Number of attendees:

Rough Estimate or Concrete Number?

Do people come and go as they please during the duration of the event or does event attendance stay consistent throughout duration?

Food/Beverage/Meal Service:

Type of food being served:

How is food being served? Is heating required? If so, method of heating (grill, gas burner, etc.)

How many meals/how much food is provided?

Type of Service: Buffet Tableside

How many chairs and tables used?

Tablecloths on tables?YES NO

If yes, what type of tablecloths (cloth, plastic, etc.)

Types of beverages served:

Do beverages require heating? (coffee, hot tea, etc.)

How much of each beverage is provided?

Are beverages bottled? If so, how many bottles are present?

How many plates, cups, napkins, and utensils are present?

Are plates, cups, napkins, utensils present single-use or reusable?

Materials of plates, napkins, utensils (plastic, ceramic, paper, etc.):

Destination of leftover food, beverages, utensils, plates, napkins, cups, etc.:

Printable Materials and Other Consumables:

Number of menus, paper handouts used for event:

Other giveaways (t-shirts, bumper stickers, lanyards, etc.)

Material of any additional giveaways:

Decorations presents (signage, banners, etc):

Materials used for decorations (plastic, paper, etc.):

Were these giveaways or decorations used at any previous events or were they made specifically for this event? Will they be used at a future event?

If re-used, approximately how often are they used?

Transportation:

Is any transportation provided for this event?

If yes, by what mode?

Distance travelled:

Power Consumption:

BESIDES LIGHTS, are there any additional power consumers (projector, sound systems, etc.)?

Type of power consumer and duration of use:

Additional Notes and Comments

Appendix E

The first figure shows the means of transportation for attendees traveling a given distance based on information provided in a survey of attendees. Based on these findings, the analysis assumed that 100% of attendees traveling under 350 miles drove, 66% of attendees driving between 350 and 450 drove, 33% of attendees traveling between 450 and 550 miles drove, and 100% of attendees traveling over 550 miles flew. To calculate travel distance for travel between 350 and 450 miles, all travel distances within that range were added together. 66% of that total number was then multiplied by the per person mile impact of driving, and 33% of the total number was multiplied by the per person impact for flying. This was repeated for each travel distance category. The second figure shows the modes of transportation within Tucson for both Tucson residents and Out of Towners, which was used to determine local travel impact.

Appendix F

This table shows an analysis of the difference between Euclidian travel distance and likely travel distance by car or airplane. Euclidian distance was used to determine the travel distance to and from Homecoming events. This analysis shows that the distance using driving instructions from Google Maps or flight directions from “Great Circle Mapper” (Swartz 2015).

Euclidean Distance from Zip Code to University of Arizona / Likely Car Route Distance from Zip Code to University of Arizona / Likely Air Travel Distance from Zip Code to University of Arizona
Zip Codes / Min Distance / Max Distance / Min Distance / Max Distance / Likely Distance
Local
85711 / 2.3 / 5.9 / 2.3 / 7.5
85719 / 0.01 / 3.9 / N/A, or 0.01 / 4.7 / N/A
85718 / 3.6 / 8.3 / 4.3 / 10.1 / N/A
85750 / 5.1 / 9.8 / 7.3 / 14 / N/A
Out of State
32407 (FL) / 1488 / 1493.5 / N/A / N/A / 1417
91302 (CA) / 468 / 464 / 520 / 514 / 451
15215 (PA) / 1809 / 1812 / N/A / N/A / 1929
80309 (CO) / 624 / 625 / 922 / 923 / 639

Appendix G

Sources of supplemental food impact data.

Food Item / Kg of CO2 Equivalents / Reference
Apples / .025/0.5lb of apple / Morgan, Daniel, Stephanie Renzi, Richard Cook, and Heidi Radenovic. Seattle Food System Enhancement Project: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Study. Rep. Seattle: U of Washington. Print.
Asparagus / 0.038/.25lb of asparagus / Morgan, Daniel, Stephanie Renzi, Richard Cook, and Heidi Radenovic. Seattle Food System Enhancement Project: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Study. Rep. Seattle: U of Washington, Print.
Beans / 0.247/kg / Abeliotis, Konstadinos, VassilisDetsis, and Christina Pappia. "Life Cycle Assessment of Bean Production in the Prespa National Park, Greece." Journal of Cleaner Production 41 (2013): 89-96. Print.
Bottle of Soda / 0.550/liter / Research on the Carbon Footprint of Carbonated Soft Drinks. Beverage Industry Environmental Roundtable, 2012. Print.
Broccoli / 2.22/kg / Canals, Lloren ç, Ivan Munoz,AlmudenaHospido, Katharina Plassmann, and Sarah McLaren. "Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Domestic vs Imported Vegetables." Center for Environmental Strategy (2008). Web.
Chocolate / 0.356/kg / Ntiamoah, A., and G. Afrane. "Life Cycle Assessment of Chocolate Produced in Ghana." Appropriate Technologies for Environmental Protection in the Developing World (n.d.): 35-41. Web. 2009.
Coffee / 0.07/cup of coffee / Humbert S, et al., Life cycle assessment of spray dried soluble coffee and comparison with alternatives (drip filter and capsule espresso), J Clean Prod (2009), doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2009.04.011
Fat Tire Beer / 3.188/6 pack / The Carbon Footprint of Fat Tire ® Amber Ale. Climate Conservancy, 2008. Print.
Ketchup / 0.0026/1000 kg / Andersson, Karin, Thomas Ohlsson, and Pär Olsson. "Screening Life Cycle Assessment
(LCA) of Tomato Ketchup: A Case Study." Journal of Cleaner Production 6.3-4 (1998): 277-88. Print.
Lemon Juice (concentrate) / 4.00/kg / Beccali, Marco, Maurizio Cellura, Maria Iudicello, and Marina Mistretta. "Life Cycle Assessment of Italian Citrus-based Products. Sensitivity Analysis and Improvement Scenarios." Journal of Environmental Management 91.7 (2010): 1415-428. Print.
Lemon Juice (natural) / 0.60/kg / Beccali, Marco, Maurizio Cellura, Maria Iudicello, and Marina Mistretta. "Life Cycle Assessment of Italian Citrus-based Products. Sensitivity Analysis and Improvement Scenarios." Journal of Environmental Management 91.7 (2010): 1415-428. Print.
Mushrooms / 0.0030/kJ / Gunady, Maria G.a., Wahidul Biswas, Vicky A. Solah, and Anthony P. James. "Evaluating the Global Warming Potential of the Fresh Produce Supply Chain for Strawberries, Romaine/cos Lettuces (Lactuca Sativa), and Button Mushrooms (AgaricusBisporus) in Western Australia Using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)." Journal of Cleaner Production 28 (2012): 81-87. Print.
Orange Juice (concentrate) / 5.7/kg / Beccali, Marco, Maurizio Cellura, Maria Iudicello, and Marina Mistretta. "Life Cycle Assessment of Italian Citrus-based Products. Sensitivity Analysis and Improvement Scenarios." Journal of Environmental Management 91.7 (2010): 1415-428. Print.
Orange Juice (natural) / 0.90/kg / Beccali, Marco, Maurizio Cellura, Maria Iudicello, and Marina Mistretta. "Life Cycle Assessment of Italian Citrus-based Products. Sensitivity Analysis and Improvement Scenarios." Journal of Environmental Management 91.7 (2010): 1415-428. Print.
Salmon / 2.013/1.2 lb / Morgan, Daniel, Stephanie Renzi, Richard Cook, and Heidi Radenovic. Seattle Food System Enhancement Project: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Study. Rep. Seattle: U of Washington, n.d. Print.
Strawberries / 0.00246/kJ / Gunady, Maria G.a., Wahidul Biswas, Vicky A. Solah, and Anthony P. James. "Evaluating the Global Warming Potential of the Fresh Produce Supply Chain for Strawberries, Romaine/cos Lettuces (Lactuca Sativa), and Button Mushrooms (AgaricusBisporus) in Western Australia Using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)." Journal of Cleaner Production 28 (2012): 81-87. Print.
Tea / .0397/cup / Doublet, Geneviève, and Niels Jungbluth. "Life Cycle Assessment of Drinking Darjeeling Tea." Web. 23 July 2010.
Lettuce / 0.00518/kJ / Gunady, Maria G.a., Wahidul Biswas, Vicky A. Solah, and Anthony P. James. "Evaluating the Global Warming Potential of the Fresh Produce Supply Chain for Strawberries, Romaine/cos Lettuces (Lactuca Sativa), and Button Mushrooms (AgaricusBisporus) in Western Australia Using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)." Journal of Cleaner Production 28 (2012): 81-87. Print.
Canned Tuna / 6.06 kg / Meat Eater's Guide to Climate Change + Health. Environmental Working Group, 2011. Print.

Appendix H

Estimated serving sizes of food items served at Homecoming. Serving sizes are derived from online recipes, manufacturer’s websites, and catering services recipes. This data was used when calculating the weight of each food item served, which is then used to determine total impact.

Food Item / Serving Size/Item Weight
Asparagus / 22 g each
Bacon / 1 oz/slice
Bag of Chips / 13 oz/bag
Beans / 3 oz/serving
Beef / 2.5 oz/serving
Bread / 2oz/slice
Burger Patty / 3.5 oz/patty
Butter Ball / 1 oz each
Cake / 2 oz/slice
Candy bar / 1.86 oz
Cheese / .5 oz/serving
Chicken / 2.5 oz/serving
Chimichanga / 3 oz each
Coffee / 8 oz/serving
Cookies / 2 oz each
Cream / 1 oz/serving
Dinner roll / 2 oz each
Egg / 2 oz/egg
Empanada / 3 oz each
Hashbrown / 2 oz each
Hot Dog / 2 oz each
Mini Cannoli / 1 oz each
Orange Juice / 8 oz/serving
Pasta / 5 oz/serving
Personal bag of chips / 1.5 oz/bag
Potatos / 4 oz/serving
Rice / 3 oz/serving
Salad / 2.5 oz/serving
Salmon / 2 oz/serving
Sandwich / 4 oz each
Sausage / 2 oz/link
Taco / 4 oz each
Tea / 8 oz/serving
Tortilla / 1.5 oz/tortilla
Water / 8 oz/serving

Works Cited

  1. Abeliotis, Konstadinos, VassilisDetsis, and Christina Pappia. "Life Cycle Assessment of Bean Production in the Prespa National Park, Greece." Journal of Cleaner Production 41 (2013): 89-96. Print.
  1. Andersson, Karin, Thomas Ohlsson, and Pär Olsson. "Screening Life Cycle Assessment
    (LCA) of Tomato Ketchup: A Case Study." Journal of Cleaner Production 6.3-4 (1998): 277-88. Print.
  1. Canals, Lloren ç, Ivan Munoz,AlmudenaHospido, Katharina Plassmann, and Sarah McLaren. "Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Domestic vs Imported Vegetables." Center for Environmental Strategy (2008).