PRZEDMIOT: JĘZYK ANGIELSKI
SPRAWNOŚĆ JĘZYKOWA: CZYTANIE
POZIOM: PODSTAWOWY
Przeczytaj uważnie teksty i zdecyduj czy poniższe zdania są zgodne z treścią tekstu (napisz T) czy nie (napisz F).
a Both Chinese and Western astrology have animal signs.
b There is only one animal sign which is the same for both.
c There are two elements which are the same for both.
d The horoscopes for both depend on when you were born.
e Cancerians and Fire Dogs have very different personalities.
f Fire Dogs are 45 years old.
g Cancerians are born in November.
Astrology: The Fire Dog
In Chinese astrology the Chinese zodiac is made up of a cycle of 12 years, and each year is a different animal. The 12 animals are: Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Rooster (male hen), Dog and Boar (wild pig). The Chinese zodiac starts at the beginning of the New Year – around the end of January or the beginning of February. The day of the New Year changes because the Chinese use a lunar calendar – it depends on the moon. In 2007 the Chinese New Year is 18th February, in 2008 it’s 7th February.
There is also a cycle of five elements, and each year is a different element. The five elements are: Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal and Water. Therefore it’s possible to be a Wood Rat, or Wood Horse or a Metal Rat or Metal Horse. The whole cycle of animals and elements takes 60 years.
In Chinese astrology your horoscope is a description of what’s going to happen to you in the future, based on the year when you were born. Your personality also depends on your animal and element.
People born under the year of the Dog usually have lots of friends because the Dog is one of the most popular animals. Dog people are honest, intelligent and fair. Dog people are also good listeners, they are very generous and are happy to help others. Of course they are also faithful. On the other hand they can sometimes be unfriendly and aggressive. They can worry a lot. They get along with Horses and Tigers but not Dragons.
The last Fire Dog year was 2006 so Fire Dogs are either babies or 60 years old. Fire Dogs are natural leaders. They often have lots of admirers and an interesting personality. They can also be very aggressive.
Astrology: Cancer
In Western astrology the zodiac is made up of a cycle of 12 star signs. The sky is divided into twelve equal parts and each part has a sign made from the stars. In the past the path of the sun went from one star sign to another but because the stars move this is no longer true. Each star sign is 30 or 31 days long and the cycle is one year. The zodiac starts on the March (or Spring) equinox, usually March 20 or 21 – it depends on the sun. This is the day when, on the equator, the sun and night are the same length. The 12 star signs are: Aries the ram (a male sheep), Taurus the bull, Gemini, Cancer the crab, Leo the lion, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio the scorpion, Sagittarius, Capricorn the goat, Aquarius and Pisces the fish. Cancerians are born between 21st June and 23rd July.
There are also four elements, and each element has three star signs. The four elements are: Fire (Aries, Leo and Sagittarius), Earth (Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn), Air (Gemini, Libra and Aquarius) and Water (Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces). This never changes, for example Gemini is always Air and Taurus is always Earth.
In Western astrology your horoscope is a description of what’s going to happen to you in the future, based on the position of the stars and the planets when you were born. Your personality also depends on your star sign.
People born under the sign of Cancer (21st June to 22nd July) are usually kind and romantic. When they trust people they can be very faithful. On the other hand Cancerians are not always easy to understand and can sometimes be difficult to be with. They can be sweet one minute and then angry the next. They are often moody. Cancerians are often good journalists, writers or politicians. They are very fond of food and eat a lot. They get along with Scorpions and Capricorns.
PRZEDMIOT: JĘZYK ANGIELSKI
SPRAWNOŚĆ JĘZYKOWA: CZYTANIE
POZIOM: ROZSZERZONY
1 Przeczytaj uważnie tekst i:
A) odpowiedz na poniższe pytania.
1. How old was Neil Armstrong when he died?
2. When did he first set foot on the moon?
3. Who was the second man to walk on the moon?
4. Who was the last human to set foot on the moon?
5. What was the name of Armstrong’s spacecraft?
6. Which US president set the target of putting a man on the moon?
B) zdecyduj czy poniższe zdania są zgodne z treścią tekstu (napisz T) czy nie (napisz F).
1. Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon.
2. Armstrong wanted to be an American hero.
3. NASA’s budget is now smaller than it was.
4. NASA has just sent a nuclear-powered robot to the moon.
5. Former astronauts think that NASA is not ambitious enough any more.
6. No-one has been to the moon since Armstrong and Aldrin landed there on Apollo 11.
Neil Armstrong’s death prompts yearning for America’s past glories
1 The death of Neil Armstrong, the first man to walk on the moon, has led to mourning for a twentieth century icon, and also to questions about America’s national destiny. Many people paid tribute to the former astronaut. But others expressed regret that no human has been back to the moon since 1972, just three years after Armstrong set foot on it and gave his famous “giant leap for mankind” speech.
2 Elliot Pulham, Chief Executive of the Space Foundation, criticized the lack of support for America’s space agency NASA, compared with the vast resources given to the moon landings programme in the 1960s. “In this age of timid exploration goals and tiny NASA budgets, Armstrong is a reminder of what our nation was once capable of,” he said. Pulham said the real-life drama of Armstrong’s moon landing – watched by a fifth of the world’s population – was unlikely to be repeated. He said: “In an age when Hollywood and professional sports create so-called ‘heroes’, Armstrong … was the real deal.”
3 Armstrong died aged 82 following heart problems after surgery in early August. His recovery seemed to be going well, and his death was a surprise to many. A statement released by his family gave few details, but spoke of a “reluctant American hero” and said: “Honour his example of service, accomplishment and modesty, and the next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink.”
4 Speaking from the White House, Barack Obama said Armstrong was “among the greatest of American heroes – not just of his time, but of all time”. He added: “And when Neil set foot on the surface of the moon for the first time, he delivered a moment of human achievement that will neverbe forgotten.”
5 Armstrong’s crew member on Apollo 11 and the second man to walk on the moon, Buzz Aldrin, said he was “deeply saddened” by the loss of his good friend and companion.
6 “Whenever I look at the moon I am reminded of that precious moment, over four decades ago, when Neil and I stood on the desolate, barren, but beautiful, Sea of Tranquillity,” he said in a statement. “Looking back at our brilliant blue planet Earth hanging in the darkness of space, I realized that even though we were farther away from Earth than two humans had ever been, we were not alone. Almost the entire world took that memorable journey with us. I know I am joined by many millions of others from around the world when I mourn the passing of a true American hero and the best pilot I ever knew. My friend Neil took the small step but giant leap that changed the world and will forever be remembered as a historic moment in human history.”
7 In the US, there was a sense that he represented the achievement of a past age of American greatness. Many remembered John F Kennedy’s 1961 speech when he set the target of putting a man on the moon. Armstrong seemed to symbolize that dream of a national goal, rather than the current situation, which has seen NASAcancel many missions because ofbudget squeezes.
8 Former astronaut Eugene Cernan, the last man on the moon, said Kennedy “challenged us to do something people thought was impossible. Neil was the focus of that … He did something that people thought was impossible.” Others complained about the state of the US. “Today it takes longer to get a budget through both houses of Congress than it took to send a man into orbit,” wrote journalist Andrew Pasternak. “The time it took to rebuild lower Manhattan after 9/11 … will be longer than it took to build an entire space program and send a man to the moon.”
9 Of course, NASA has its modern triumphs. Its engineers have landed a nuclear-powered robot on Mars. The robot is designed to spend years on the Martian surface. Another Mars mission has also just been announced – it involves a lander designed to drill below the planet’s surface. But these achievements do not even come close to matching the excitement of Armstrong’s success. NASA administrator Charles Bolden expressed that in his statement of tribute. “As we enter this next era of space exploration, we are standing on the shoulders of Neil Armstrong,” he said.
10 It seems that Armstrong shared the sense of disappointment at NASA’s reduced ambitions. Eric Berger, who runs the SciGuy science blog, said he had been forwarded an email that Armstrong and other former astronauts had sent to each other. It expressed frustration at the current problems at NASA and quoted Yogi Berra, an American baseball legend: “If you don’t know where you are going, you might not get there.”
PRZEDMIOT: JĘZYK ANGIELSKI
SPRAWNOŚĆ JĘZYKOWA: ZNAJOMOŚĆ STRUKTUR GRAMATYCZNYCH
POZIOM: ROZSZERZONY
1 Uzupełnij zdania właściwymi formami czasowników podanych w nawiasach.
1)A: I ______(see) there’s a great film on at the cinema tonight. Would you like to go?
B: No, I ______(see) the dentist about my toothache.
2) A: Why do you need so much sugar?
B: I ______(make) a cake this evening.
3)A: Oh no! I’ve left my purse at home and I haven’t got any money on me!
B: Don’t worry. I ______(lend) you some.
4)A: I ______(think) about going on a picnic this afternoon.
B: I wouldn’t bother. I think it ______(rain) this afternoon.
PRZEDMIOT: JĘZYK ANGIELSKI
SPRAWNOŚĆ JĘZYKOWA: PISANIE
POZIOM: ROZSZERZONY
1 Przebywasz na wycieczce szkolnej w Bieszczadach. Napisz do znajomej z Anglii pocztówkę, w której poinformujesz ją:
- gdzie obecnie się znajdujesz,
- dlaczego wycieczka Ci się podoba lub nie podoba,
- kiedy wracacie.
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