PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE

When do we use it?

  • Every (hour, day, week, month, year)
  • On (Monday, Tuesday,...)
  • In (winter, spring, summer, automn)
  • In the (morning, afternoon, evening)
  • BUT: at night, at noon, at midnight, at weekend, at Christmas
  • Often, sometimes, usually, rarely, seldom

How do we form it?

  • I play, You play, He/She/It playS, We play, You play, They play
  • Be careful! He/She/It studies, goes, does, washes, cries, tidies

What does it express?

  • Repeated actions or a habit
  • General truth
  • A state
  • With verbs of sentences with CAN; look, hear, taste, smell, feel, see
  • Future actions according to a timetable; for buses, traines, planes or school lessons

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

When do we use it?

  • Now,
  • At the moment
  • Today

How do we form it?

  • To be + 1.oblika glagola + ing
  • I am playing, You are playing, He/She/It is playing, We are playing, You are playing, They are playing
  • BUT: smoke-smoking, take-taking, write-writing, see-seeing, agree-agreeing, lie-lying

What does it express?

  • An activity in progress at the moment of speaking (now)
  • An activity going on around (now)

PASSIVE

  • Aktivni stavek (active): Shakespeare wrote Hamlet. (O-V-S; bolj je pomemben Shakespeare.
  • Pasivni stavek (passive): Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.

PAST SIMPLE TENSE ( 2nd FORM OF A VERB)

When do we use it?

  • Yesterday
  • The day before yesterday
  • Last (week, month, year, summer, Sunday)
  • Ago (a few minuts ago, an hour ago, a two week ago)
  • On (11th january 1980 )
  • In (1976)

How do we form it?

  • Regular verbs (1st form of a verb + ed; played)
  • Irregular verbs (take-took-taken)
  • Travel-travelled, stop-stopped, plan-planned, carry-carried, cry-cried, play-played, pay-paid

PAST CONTINUOUS

When do we use it?

  • While
  • When

How do we form it?

  • To be in past tense (was/were) + ing
  • I was, You were, He/She/It was, We were, You were, They were

PAST PERFECT TENSE

When do we use it?

  • When
  • After
  • Before
  • Until
  • As soon as
  • By 10 o' clock

How do we form it?

  • Had + 3. oblika glagola biti; She told me she had never been in London.

FUTURE TENSES

When do we use it?

  • Tomorrow
  • Next week
  • The day after tomorrow

Will future

How do we form it?

  • Will + 1st form of a verb

What does it express?

  • Certainty (prihodnost je sigurna, gotova); We will all die one day
  • Prediction (predvidevanje, napovedovanje); I think he will come at 5 o' clock
  • Quick decision (hitra odločitev); I will like a glass of water.
  • Offer/promise (ponudba, obljuba); I'll bring you the book tomorrow.
  • Threat (grožnja); She will punish you if you lie.

Going to

How do we form it?

  • To be + going to + 1st form of a verb
  • I am going to be a teacher.Not.
  • BUT: not going to come

What does it express?

  • Future intention, plan; When I grow up, I'm going to be a teacher.

Present continuous

How do we form it?

  • To be + ing
  • I'm playing volley-ball this week.

What does it express?

  • Future arrangment; I'm having lunch with my parents tomorrow.