Preparation and Characterization of the Poly Herbal Formulation of Anti-Aging Cream

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE POLY HERBAL FORMULATION OF ANTI-AGING CREAM

M. Pharm Dissertation Protocol Submitted to

Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka

Bangalore– 560 041

Mr. Keyur J. Patel,B.Pharm

Under the Guidance of

Dr. RoopaKarki,M.Pharm, PhD

Professor

Department of Industrial Pharmacy,

Acharya & B.M.Reddy College of Pharmacy,

Soladevanahalli, Chikkabanavara (Post)

Hesaraghatta Main Road, Bangalore – 560 090

2008-2009

RAJIVGANDHIUNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

KARNATAKA, BANGALORE.

ANNEXURE II

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

1 / Name of the candidate and address /

Mr. KeyurbhaiJyotindrabhai Patel

At:khandhali
Soni street
Ta. :Matar
Di. :Kheda
Pin-387510
State – Gujarat.
2 / Name of the Institution / Acharya and B.M. Reddy college of pharmacy,
Soldevanhalli
Hesarghatta main road
Chikkabanavara post
BANGALORE -560 090.
3 / Course of the study and subject / M. Pharmacy
(Industrial Pharmacy)
4 / Date of admission / 24.05.2008
5 / TITLE OF THE PROJECT:-
Preparation and characterization of the poly herbal formulation of anti-aging cream
6
6.1
6.2 / BRIEF RESUME OF INTENDED WORK :-
NEED OF THE STUDY :-
Skin aging is the result of continual deterioration process because of damage of cellular DNA and protein. Aging process is classified into two distinct type, i.e. “sequential skin aging” and “photo-aging”.1 Both type have distinct clinical and historical features sequential skin aging is universal and predictable process characterized by physiological alteration in skin function. In the ageing process keratinocytes are unable to form a functional stratum corneum and rate of formation from neutral lipids slows down, resulting in dry pale skin with wrinkle. In contrast, photo aging is caused by over exposure to uv rays from sunlight. It is characterized by dry, pale and shallow skin, displaying fine wrinkles as well as deep furrows caused by the disorganization of epidermal and dermal components associated with elastosis and heliodermatitis2
Polyherbal formulations are now a day’s one of the new delivery system in India. Using this concept we will be going to prepare the polyherbal formulation for anti aging cream.
The poly herbal cosmetic formulation recommended for management of skin properties for along time and their effects are also well accepted in the community of different countries. The selected herbs describes in present investigation have been utilized medicinally in crude extract to treat various skin disease. Selected herbs individually were described the literature for their potential cosmetic benefit. So attempt will be made to study the combine effects herbs in a cosmetic cream to determine the synergistic effects on aging.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE :-
Attempt to relate mechanical properties of the stratum corneum to its state of hydration or disease condition have been hampered by the lack of adequate in vivo methodology. With the technique described herein, viscoelastic properties of the skin surface can be measured in vivo or on excised skin in vitro. This method is sensitive enough to detect changes in the properties of the stratum corneum induced by topically applied agents or by mechanical disruption of it. The viscoelastic data suggest that the outermost layers of the stratum corneum may become dry in vivo despite their proximity to the underlying wet tissue, and that the instrument is sensitive enough to measure the changes that occur. It also appears that the in vivo behavior of the stratum corneum is similar to that of isolated stratum corneum membranes which become brittle when they are dried and supple when they are hydrated.3
Cosmetics Ethanolic extract (CC-516) from Areca catechu L was prepared and its various biological activities were evaluated, CC-516 showed potent anti-oxidative, free radical scavenging, andanti-hyaluronidase activity. Anti-oxidative effect of CC-516 (IC:45.4 μg/ml) was lower than butylatedhydroxytoluene (IC:5μg ml), but similar to tocopherol and higher than ascorbic acid. Especially, CC-516 exhibited relatively high free radical scavenging activity (IC:0.2 μg/ml) compared to control. CC-516 inhibited effectively hyaluronidase activity (IC: 416 μg/ml), showed inhibition in vivo on delayed hypersensitivity as well as croton-oil induced ear edema in mice when it was topically applied. These results strongly suggest that CC-516 may reduce immunoregulatory/inflammatory skin trouble. Also, from the results, we have elucidated that CC-516 showed anti-allergic and anti-cytotoxicity activity. The whitening effect of CC-516 shown by the inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity with IC of 0.48 mg/ml and of melanin synthesis in B16 melanoma cells. This study indicates that CC-516 is effective on anti-inflammatory/anti-melanogenesis, and can be used as a new agent for cosmetics. 4
The anti-aging effects of Areca catechu was investigated on skin. The CC-516 has a high proportion of proline (13%) of free amino acid content. The inhibitory effect of CC-516 on the elastase exhibited 37 to 90% inhibition by 10 to 250 μg/ml concentration; the IC values with 40.8 μg/ml for porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) and 48.1 μg/ml for human leukocyte elastase (HLE), respectively. One of the effects of elastase is that it is known to reduce the number of elastin fibers at the level of the enzyme deposition. The number of elastin fibers was increased when we drift from the deposit number of elastase with 100 mg/ml of CC-516. CC-516 showed protection of elastic fiber against degradation by the enzyme in an ex vivo assay. The CC-516 increased proliferation of human fibroblast cell by 85%.5
Flower extract of caesalpiniapulcherrima possesses impressive ant oxidant activity. In this study,We examined safety of the anti wrinkle cream containing the flower extract by means of the skin irritation test on rabbit skin(N=7) and human skin (N=30).this formulated cream was Oil in Water type containing 0.5% caesalpenia flower extract.safety was evaluated based on the primary irritation index,(PII). The result showed that in rabbit the cream was safe ass erythema and edema reaction at 24 hr observations were relatively low in rabbit, and somewhat negligible in human. All reaction disappeared at 72hr observation. In human we found that our 0.5% caesealpenia cream either with or without aloe veraexctract was safe as only 2 subjects reported slight itching on their skin sites applied with the herbal cream without Aloe vera extract. No rash was observed on any formulation. Since the cream with aloe vera extract exhibit a somewhat lower irritancy than did the one without Aloe vera, the 0.5% Caesalpenia cream with Aloe vera extract may have potential for further development for cosmetic product.6
Formulated and evaluated herbal cosmetic creams for their improvement of skin viscoelastic and hydration properties. The cosmetic cream formulations were designed by using ethanolic extracts of Glycyrrizaglabra, Curcuma longa (roots), seeds of Psoroleacorlifolia, Cassia tora, Areca catechu, Punicagranatum, fruits of Embelicaofficinale, leaves of Centellaasiatica, dried bark of Cinnamon zeylanicum and fresh gel of Aloe vera in varied concentrations (0.12-0.9%w/w) and characterized using physicochemical and physiological measurements. The ethanolic extracts of herbs were incorporated in a cream base that is prepared by a phase inversion emulsification technique. The cream base was prepared by utilizing oil of Prunusamagdalus, Sesamumindicum, honey, cetyl alcohol, stearic acid, polysorbatemonoleate, sorbitanmonostearate, propylene glycol and glycerin. The studies were carried out for 6 weeks on normal subjects (6 males and 12 females, between 22 and 50 years) on the back of their volar forearm for evaluation of viscoelastic properties in terms of extensibility via a suction measurement, firmness using laboratory fabricated instruments such as ball bouncing and skin hydration using electric (resistance) measurement methods.7
The induced matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and type I procollagen were used for reduction ofphotoaging skin due toexposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Therefore, regulation of these genes has been suggested to be a useful tool toabolish skin aging. In this study, antioxidative plant ingredients used in traditional Chinese medicine, berberine (BBR)was investigated for their capacity to regulate MMP-1 and type I procollagen expression in human dermal fibroblasts.Our results showed that both basal and UV-induced MMP-1 expression was decreased by BBR. Onthe other hand,type Iprocollagen expression was dose-dependently increased by it. In addition, UV-induced reduction of type Iprocollagen expression is recovered by it. Therefore, we suggest that BBR may be a possible candidate for anti-skinaging agent.8
Prepared a polyclonal antibody against -β-Asp-containing peptide (which has been reported in proteins of various elderly tissue) and examined its immunoreactivity in the skin. The antibody recognized integrated or disintegrated elastic fibers in the sun-exposed skin but not in the sun-protected skin of the elderly donors. Western blot analysis of the proteins isolated from sun-damaged skin demonstrated that the 50kDaprotein was immunoreactive with both antibodies for -β-Asp-containing peptide and elastin. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on normal skin caused the appearance of -β-Asp-containing peptide-immunoreactive fibers in the dermis. These results suggest that UV irradiation is closely related to the formation of -β-Asp in the elastic fibers of skin. We propose that the antibody could be a useful indicator for sun damage of the skin.9
6.3 / OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY :-
The purpose of the present study is to :

Preparation of extract with different solvent of leaves of two different identified plants.

Preliminary photochemical investigation of different extract of the plants.

Formulation of the poly herbal cream using different cream base.

Phytochemical parameters of formulation like pH, Acid value, Saponification value, Viscosity, Skin Sensitivity.

To study the Skin Sensitivity.

7
7.1 / MATERIALS AND METHOD :-

SOURCE OF DATA :-

1)Review of literature from:
a)Journal such as
i)International journal of cosmetic science
ii)Indian journal of pharmacology
iii)International Journal of Pharmaceutics
iv)Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy
v)Indian Drugs
b)World Wide Web.
c)I.I.Sc Library, Bangalore.
d)J-Gate@Helinet.
7.2 / METHOD OF COLLECTION OF DATA :-

Extraction of two different identified plants leaves.

Procedure: 1)
a) Dried leaves will be powdered separately (particle size
0.25mm) using laboratory mill.
b) Weighted amount of the powdered material will be
extracted using solvents like petroleum ether,water,alcohol.
The extraction will be made by using soxhlet apparatus.
2) Prelimanaryphytochemical investigations of different extract
of the plants like alkaloids,saponin,tannins,flavanoid.
3) Formulation of the poly herbal cream using different cream base.

To carry out physicochemical parameters.

Acid value
Saponification value
Viscosity.

To carried out Skin sensitivity test.

It is done by using wistar rats. The back skin of area of 5cm2 is used. If the formulation produced scores of 2 or less they are considered to have no skin irritation.
Erythema scale: none-0, slight-1, well defined-2, moderate-3, scar formulation-4.
Edema scale: none-0, slight-1, welldefined-2, moderate-3, severe-4.
7.3 / Does the study require any investigation or investigation to be conducted on patient or other humans or animals?
“Yes”
7.4 / Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3?
“Yes copy enclosed.”
REFERENCES :-

HashizumeH. skin aging and dry skin. Dermatology2004;31:603-609.
Yasui ,H. and Sakurai,H. Age dependent generation of reactive oxygen spices in the skin of live hairless rats exposed to UVA light. Exp. Dermatol2003;12:655-661.
Christensen MS, Hargens CW, Nacht S, Gans EH. Viscoelastic properties of intact human skin: Instrumentation, Hydration effects, and the contribution of the stratum corneum. J Investigative Dermatology1977;69:282–86.
Lee, KK, atindChoi JD. The effects of areca Catechu L Extract on Anti-Inflammation and Anti-Melanogenesis. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci.1999;21:275-284.
Lee, KK, and Choi JD. The effect of areca Catechu L Extract on antiaging. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 1999; 21: 285-297.
NarisaKamkaen, Wimonphuntuwate, WeeraskSamee, ArtitayaBoonrod and CharonTreesak. The investigation of the rabbit and human skin irritation of herbal Anti-wrinkle cream. Thai pharm health Sci J 2007;2(1):20-25.
Ashawat M.S, Saraf S. Preparation and characterization of herbal creams for improvement of skin viscoelastic properties.International Journal of Cosmetic Science. 2008;30(3):183-193.
Sangmin Kim, Jin Ho Chung. Berberine prevents UV-induced MMP-1 and reduction of type I procollagen expression in human dermal fibroblasts, Phytomedicine2008;15:749–753.

Noriko Fujii, Shingo Tajima, Nobuhiko Tanaka, Norihiro Fujimoto, Takumi Takata, Tadashi Shimo-Oka. The presence of -β-aspartic acid-containing peptides in elastic fibers of sun-damaged skin: a potent marker for ultraviolet-induced skin aging. Life Science Center, Asahi Techno Glass Corporation, Funabashi 2002;294:1047-1051.

9 / Signature of the candidate:
10 / Remarks of the Guide:
11 / Name and Designation of:
11.1 / Institutional Guide: / Dr.Roopakarki
Professor and HOD
Dept. ofIndusrial Pharmacy
11.2 / Signature:
11.3 / Co-Guide:
11.4 / Signature:
11.5 / Head of the Department: /

Dr. RoopaKarki

Dept. of Industrial Pharmacy
11.6 / Signature
12 / 12.1 / Remarks of the Principal
12.2 / Signature / Dr. GoliDivakar
Principal
Acharya & B. M.Reddy Collegeof Pharmacy,Soladevanhalli,Hesarghatta MainRoad, Bangalore-90.