Plant and Animal Cell Review
Name: ______Date: ______Period:______
Plant and Animal Cell Review
Organelle / Description / Function / Animal, Plant or Both1.CELL WALL / Rigid, tough, made of cellulose / Provides protection and support for the cell / plant
2.CYTOPLASM / Jelly like substance that contains organelles / Maintains the shape of the cell, allows for movement of organelles and substances through the cell / both
3.NUCLEUS / Dense, ball shaped structure, contains DNA / Control center of the cell, DNA is kept here and proteins are transported out from here / both
4.ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM / Clear, tubular system of tunnels throughout the cell / Transport system that allows for substances such as proteins to be moved to specific destinations, rough ER has ribosomes attached to it. / both
5.RIBOSOME / Small specks made of RNA. Found in cytoplasm or on the endoplasmic reticulum / Protein synthesis occurs here, protein is created from reading the DNA within the nucleus / both
6.MITOCHONDRIA / Location in the cytoplasm, bean shaped / Provide energy for the cell, called powerhouses for creating energy. / both
7.VACUOLE / Large open storage area, smaller in animal cells / In a plant cell, there is one large central one, it stores water
In an animal cell, there are many small ones that store food(nutrients), waste, and some water / Both- vary in size, amount, and function
8.CHLOROPLAST / Green structures that contain chlorophyll / Uses the sun’s energy to create food for the plant by a process called photosynthesis / plant
9.GOLGI BODY / Small bags with tubes connecting them / Packages and ships proteins from the ER / both
Cell Organelles Worksheet
Use the table above to fill in the chart
Complete the following table by writing the name of the cell part or organelle in the right hand column that matches the structure/function in the left hand column. A cell part may be used more than once.
Structure/Function / Cell PartStores material within the cell / vacuole
Closely stacked, flattened sacs (plants only) / chloroplast
The sites of protein synthesis / ribosomes
Transports materials within the cell / vesicles
The region inside the cell except for the nucleus / cytoplasm
Organelle that manages or controls all the cell functions in a eukaryotic cell / nucleus
Contains chlorophyll, a green pigment that traps energy from sunlight and gives plants their green color / chloroplast
Digests excess or worn-out cell parts, food particles and invading viruses or bacteria / lysosome
Small bumps located on portions of the endoplasmic reticulum / ribosomes
Provides temporary storage of food, enzymes and waste products / vacuole
Firm, protective structure that gives the cell its shape in plants, fungi, most bacteria and some protests / Cell wall
Produces a usable form of energy for the cell / mitochondria
Packages proteins for transport out of the cell / Golgi body
Site where ribosomes are made / nucleolus
The membrane surrounding the cell, allows for substances in and keeps things out / Cell membrane
Provides support for the cell / cytoplasm
Name for the collection of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells / chromatin
Put a check in the appropriate column(s) to indicate whether the following organelles are found in plant cells, animal cells or both.
Organelle / Plant Cells / Animal CellsCell Wall / x
Vesicle / x / x
Chloroplast / x
Cytoplasm / x / x
Endoplasmic reticulum / x / x
Golgi apparatus / x / x
Lysosome / x / x
Mitochondria / x / x
Nucleolus / x / x
Nucleus / x / x
Central vacuole / x
Ribosome / x / x
Vacuole / x / x
Cell City Analogy
In a far away city called Grant City, the main export and production product is the steel widget. Everyone in the town has something to do with steel widget making and the entire town is designed to build and export widgets. The town hall has the instructions for widget making, widgets come in all shapes and sizes and any citizen of Grant can get the instructions and begin making their own widgets. Widgets are generally produced in small shops around the city, these small shops can be built by the carpenter's union (whose headquarters are in town hall).
After the widget is constructed, they are placed on special carts which can deliver the widget anywhere in the city. In order for a widget to be exported, the carts take the widget to the postal office, where the widgets are packaged and labeled for export. Sometimes widgets don't turn out right, and the "rejects" are sent to the scrap yard where they are broken down for parts or destroyed altogether. The town powers the widget shops and carts from a hydraulic dam that is in the city. The entire city is enclosed by a large wooden fence, only the postal trucks (and citizens with proper passports) are allowed outside the city.
Match the parts of the city (underlined) with the parts of the cell.
1. Mitochondria / Hydraulic dam2. Ribosomes / Small shops
3. Nucleus / Town hall
4. Endoplasmic Reticulum / Special carts
5. Golgi Apparatus / Post office
6. Protein / widgets
7. Cell Membrane / fence
8. Lysosomes / Scrap yard
9. Nucleolus / Carpenter’s union
Not on the assessment- just for extra reinforcement of knowledge
EXTRA STUDY QUESTIONS FOR HOMEWORK- Use online resources to answer.
In what organelle does cellular respiration take place?
chloroplast
Name two storage organelles:
Vacuole, vesicle
What is the list of organelles that take part in protein synthesis?
Nucleolus, nucleus, ribosomes, ERs, golgi body
How is the nucleus involved in protein synthesis?
Provides instructions with DNA
What organelle is considered a “factory”, because it takes in raw materials and converts them to cell products that can be used by the cell?
Ribosomes make proteins for the cell and Mitochondria use sugar and oxygen to release energy that is used by the cell. ER helps make proteins (ribosomes) and also lipids. Chloroplasts turn sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into food (glucose).
How does the membrane of the cell differ from the nuclear membrane? What advantages does this difference have for the nucleus?
Cell membrane protects the cell; controls what goes in and out of cell, communication. Nuclear membrane protect the nucleus. Cell membrane is only single bi-layer, and the nuclear membrane is double bi-layer. Nuclear membrane double bi-layer could provide better protection.
What do ribosomes do? Are they found freely floating in the cytoplasm? OR are they found attached to another organelle? OR both.Explain why this occurs.
Ribosomes make proteins- BOTH - Some are floating freely in the cytoplasm, and some are attached to the ER.
What does the endoplasmic reticulum do?
Helps move proteins and other materials around within the cell.
What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER? What is the ER doing that is different in each case?
Rough ER has ribosomes attached to it that make proteins and lipids. Smooth ER doesn't have ribosomes and can be used for storage and for making lipids.
What are lysosomes? What types of molecules would be found inside a lysosome?
Small, round organelles, containing enzymes that digest old and worn out cell parts, enzymes, viruses, bacteria.
Why might a lysosome fuse with or link up with a food vacuole?
To help get rid of or digest food or other objects.
In what organelle do molecules move from the ER to the Golgi bodies?
vesicles
What is a centriole? In what type of cell (plant or animal) is it found? What does it do for the cell?
Small cylindrical organelles used with the spindle apparatus during mitosis in animal cells