Physical Science – EOCT Review – Chemistry

  1. Give the SI units for mass, volume, length, temperature.
  2. What is density? How do you calculate it?
  3. What are two ways to find the volume of an object?
  4. An irregularly shaped aluminum solid that has a mass of 27.0 grams is dropped into a graduated cylinder filled with 10.0 cm3 of water. The water level goes up to 20.0 cm3. What is the density of the aluminum solid?
  5. List the SI prefixes from largest to smallest. What mnemonic can you use to remember?
  6. What is scientific notation? Why is it used? **Know how to convert to and from!**
  7. What is matter? What are the 4 phases of matter AND how are they different from each other?
  8. How is heat related to phase changes?
  9. What is the Law of Conservation of Matter?
  10. Know the elements and their symbols!
  11. Describe the 3 subatomic particles, their locations, charge and relative size (which is biggest/smallest).
  12. Why are valence electrons important?
  13. What is a solution? Solvent? Solute?
  14. How are elements arranged in the periodic table? How are periods and groups arranged?
  15. What is an isotope?
  16. Differentiate between metals, nonmentals and metalloids(semiconductors) based on properties. Identify their location on the periodic table.
  17. What is the octet rule?
  18. Complete the following:

Symbol

/ Atomic # / Mass # / # protons / # electrons / # neutrons / Hyphen-Notation
Os / 120
2 / 1
50 / 24
Silcon-29
  1. What is a chemical bond? What subatomic particles are involved?
  2. What is an ionic bond? Give an example.
  3. What is an ion? What are the two types of ions and their charges?
  4. What is a covalent bond? Give an example.
  5. What are the rules for naming covalent compounds?
  6. What are the rules for naming ionic compounds?
  7. What do we call the anion formed from an oxygen atom?
  8. What is a chemical reaction?
  9. Rewrite the following reaction and underline reactants once, underline products twice, circle the subscripts and put a box around the coefficients.

N2O5 + H2O → 2HNO3

  1. What is a balanced equation? **You have to know how to balance them!**
  2. List and describe the 4 types of reactions.
  3. Define solubility. What are three factors that affect solubility?
  4. What are the differences between saturated, unsaturated and supersaturated solutions?
  5. What are acids and bases? List 4 properties for each.
  6. What is radioactivity? What causes it?
  7. What are the three types of radioactive decay? How are they different? Which has the most energy?
  8. What is half-life? How can it be used?
  9. Contrast nuclear fission and fusion.
  10. Nuclear decay is the only way to change the number of ______in an atom. Why does this change the identity of the atom?

Physical Science – EOCT Review – Physics

  1. What is the formula for speed? Distance? Time?
  2. What is velocity? How is it different from speed?
  3. What is acceleration? What is its formula?
  4. What is the difference between potential and kinetic energy? Give examples of each.
  5. What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?
  6. What is mechanical energy? What are two types?
  7. What is a force? What is its formula? What is the SI unit?
  8. What are Newton’s 3 Laws. Give an example of each.
  9. What is inertia? What is momentum?
  10. Define friction. What are the three types?
  11. Discuss the 2 forces that affect a falling object.
  12. What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum?
  13. What is a machine?
  14. What is Work? What is its formula? What is its SI units?
  15. What is mechanical advantage?
  16. How do you find the MA for a pulley?
  17. Define temperature. What are its SI units?
  18. What is absolute zero? What is this on the Kelvin and Celsius scale?
  19. Discuss the three ways of heat transfer.
  20. What is a wave? What are the two types? Identify the parts of each.
  21. Define wavelength, amplitude and frequency.
  22. What is the formula for wave speed?
  23. What are the four types of wave interactions? How are they different?
  24. What type of wave is a sound wave?
  25. Define decibel and hertz
  26. What is the relationship between frequency and pitch.
  27. Describe the Doppler Effect.
  28. What type of wave is a light wave?
  29. How do electromagnetic waves differ from other waves?
  30. Compare and contrast static and current electricity. What can cause each?
  31. What are conductors and insulators? How are their electrons different?
  32. What is a circuit? What is the difference between a series and a parallel circuit?
  33. Define and give SI units for current, voltage and resistance.
  34. What does Ohm’s Law state?
  35. How are electricity and magnetism related?
  36. What is an electromagnet?
  37. What is electromagnetic induction?
  38. What is an electromagnetic generator?
  39. Voltage is also called ______.
  40. A glass rod is rubbed with silk and the rod becomes positively charged. What charge does the silk have? How?
  41. A conductor would have ______resistance.
  42. When the velocity of an object changes, it is acted upon by a(n) ______force.

MATH PRACTICE: One of EACH type of problem that you could see.

  1. When Andy Green broke the land speed record, his vehicle was traveling across a flat portion of the desert with a forward velocity of 341.11 m/s. How long would it take him at that velocity to travel 4.500 km?
  2. While driving at an average velocity of 15.6 m/s down the road, a driver slams on the brakes to avoid hitting a squirrel. The car stops completely in 4.2 s. What is the average acceleration of the car?
  3. If the space shuttle accelerates upward at 35 m/s2,what force will a 59 kg astronaut experience?
  4. A box with a mass of 3.2 kg is pushed 0.667 m across a floor with an acceleration of 3.2 m/s2. How much work is done on the box?
  5. A dam used to make hydroelectric power opens and closes its gates with a lever. The gate weighs 660 N. The lever has a mechanical advantage of 6. Calculate the input force on the lever needed to move the gate.
  6. A pear is hanging from a tree. The pear is 3.5 m above the ground and has a mass of 0.14 kg. What is the pear’s gravitational potential energy?
  7. A sprinter runs at a forward velocity of 10.9 m/s. IF the sprinter has a mass of 72.5 kg, what is the sprinter’s kinetic energy?
  8. What is the resistance of a wire that has a current of 1.4 A in it when it is connected to a 6.0 V battery?
  9. A flashlight has a potential difference of 3.0 V. The bulb has a current of 0.50 A. What is the electric power used by the flashlight?