1. Point of view in visual images can sometimes be difficult to discern. Examine the two above, both portraying Adolf Hitler. Write a POV sentence for each using this formula:

“Person X believes Y because Z”

Remember for Z you must incorporate the attributes of the source in your answer.

introduction

  1. Why were the Dutch in Indonesia in 1941 when the Japanese invaded?
  1. How did Japan try to use the history of European imperialism in Southeast Asia to conquer the area?
  1. What did the Japanese use the peasants of Indonesia for?
  1. How did World War II ironically help decolonization movements, despite leading to so many deaths among indigenous peoples?

Old and New Causes of a Second World War

  1. Fill in the web chart below with factors that lead to WW2. I’ve done two for you. Make sure you address China, Japan, the Nazis, nationalism, Mussolini/fascists, & Spanish Civil War.

Unchecked Aggression and the Coming of War in Europe and the Pacific.

  1. This cartoon depicts the Axis powers. Label each character by the country they represent. Include the actual names of the character if you think you know who they are.

  1. What is the official date of the start of World War 2?
  1. The man on the left is Winston Churchill who ledBritain during WW2. The man on the right next to Hitler is Neville Chamberlain who led Britain in the years before WW2. Write a caption or speech bubble for each showing what they might have said right after the date above.
  1. Read the caption to the picture on page 710 and then explain why a Japanese soldier would pose for a picture like this, smiling, and where it was probably taken. Also explain what the reaction back in Japan would be to this picture during the war. Note the sword in one hand.

  1. How did Mao Tse Tung benefit from Japan’s aggression along the coast? (repeat question from the last chapter)
  1. Explain the connection between these graphics:

  1. How did Great Britain and France respond to the event depicted above?

In Depth: Total War.

  1. Explain in your own words the meaning of “total war”. Be sure to include who dies in such a war.
  1. What was the French Revolution’s contribution to the concept of total war?’
  1. What did the American Civil War add to the idea?
  1. What sorts of technologies were used for the first time in World War 1?
  1. What new technologies appeared for the 1st time in World War 2?
  1. Why does total war make the peace that follows such a war more difficult?

The Conduct of a Second Global War.

  1. What two factors changed the tide of World War 2?
  1. What factors did the Allies have going for them that result in eventual victory?

Nazi Blitzkrieg, Stalemate, and the Long Retreat.

  1. Explain “blitzkrieg” and who used this tactic. (Do NOT just write “lightning war”)
  1. What happened to France in 1940?
  1. What was Hitler unable to do the same to Great Britain?
  1. How did geography play a role in thwarting Hitler’s plans for Britain?
  1. How did things look for the “Allies” (I say “Allies” because it’s really “Ally” – France is gone & the U.S. and Soviet Union are not in the war yet) in mid-1941?
  1. Explain the connection between these two graphics:
  1. Explain:

From Persecution to Genocide: Hitler’s War Against the Jews.

  1. What was the “final solution”?
  1. How many people died in the Holocaust? Who besides Jews were murdered?
  1. What was the impact of the Holocaust on Palestine?

Anglo-American Offensives, Encirclement, and the End of the 12-Year Reich.

  1. What happens on December 7, 1941?
  1. What happens on April 30, 1945?

The Rise and Fall of the Japanese Empire in the Pacific War.

  1. Who was Japan’s primary opponent in the Pacific?
  1. Vast expanses of ocean separate the islands of Southeast Asia from the Japanese islands. What American technological asset was best able to take advantage of that geographic fact and deprive Japan of vital raw materials?
  1. The Japanese destroyed most of our battleships at Pearl Harbor but it really didn’t matter. Why?
  1. What did American air forces deliberately target in Japan that exemplifies a key characteristic of total war?
  1. What happened on August 6 & 9, 1945 and was the result?

War’s End and the Emergence of the Superpower Standoff.

  1. The next major conflict of the 20th century was between what two powers?
  1. What new organization was a result of WW2 and replaced the failed League of Nations?
  1. What major country that did NOT join the League did join the new organization?
  1. What issues did this new organization have some success in dealing with?

From Hot War to Cold War.

  1. What was the new conflict of the 20th century, referred to in question 39 above, known as and how many years did it last roughly?
  1. What part of Europe did the Soviet Union dominate and what type of governments did it install there?
  1. What area of Europe did the United States dominate and what was the common type of government?
  1. What happens to Korea after WW2?
  1. What are the two major themes of the 20th century following WW2?

Nationalism and Decolonization.

  1. This section starts out by claiming that European nonsettler colonies (referred to as “tropical dependencies” back in Chapter 24) gained their independence very quickly but colonies with large settler communities did not. Explain why this was true. (See page 552 if you need to refresh your memory on the different types of European colonies.)
  1. What did the United States and the Soviet Union have in common when it came to colonialism?

The Winning of Independence in South and Southeast Asia.

  1. Describe the “Quit India movement” and British response:
  1. Explain how World War 2 played a role in the change depicted in the two maps below.

(HINT: what kind of condition was Britain left in after the war?)

  1. On what was the unifying factor that Pakistan was built on?
  1. What was Muhammad Ali Jinnah to Pakistan?
  1. What happened immediately when the partition took place?
  1. Look closely at the picture on page 722 and read the caption. How does that wheel symbolize Indian nationalism?
  1. What happened on January 30, 1948 and what’s ironic about it?
  1. Why do the United States and the Philippines enjoy a friendly relationship today despite the United States once controlled the area following its victory in the Spanish-American War (1898)?

The Liberation of Nonsettler Africa.

  1. How did World War 2 affect industrialization in West & South Africa?
  1. Why is it not surprising that Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana was educated in African missionary schools? (See pp. 553-554 for help.)
  1. Which of the following nonsettler African colonies most likely experienced the most difficulty in establishing a stable political and economic system following independence? Explain.
  2. Ghana
  3. Senegal
  4. Congo

Repression and Guerilla War: The Struggle for the Settler Colonies.

  1. What made Algeria, Kenya, and Southern Rhodesia different from Ghana, Senegal, or the Congo? (If you couldn’t answer question 48 above you should be able to now.  )
  1. When did Kenya achieve its independence from Britain?
  1. Roughly how many European settlers resided in Algeria shortly after WW2?
  1. How many left following independence? Speculate why. (The caption on p. 727 may help.)

The Persistence of White Supremacy in South Africa.

  1. What made South Africa different demographically from other settler colonies?
  1. Why were Afrikaners more desperate in fighting to maintain control of South Africa than settlers in Kenya or Algeria?
  1. Why would this character feel right at home in South Africa during the 20th century?
  1. Why did the British allow the Afrikaners to dominate South Africa until 1948 when it became independent?
  1. Explain what apartheid is? (A term that may appear on your AP test.)

Conflicting Nationalisms: Arabs, Israelis, and the Palestinian Question.

  1. Be careful with this section because it bounces back in time when it discusses Palestine. BEFORE WW2, why was Palestine the destination of choice for so many Jews fleeing Nazi Germany?
  1. How did Arabs there react?
  1. What was the British response towards both Jews and Arabs (following the revolt in the late 1930s)?
  1. Who/what do the British dump the problem of Palestine on after WW2 like a hot potato?
  1. What happens in 1948 to Palestine?
  1. How did the Arabs respond and what was the result?

Global Connections: Persisting Trends in a World Transformed by War

  1. Following decolonization, what changed for the lower classes in the various newly independent countries?
  1. What Western influences remain in former African and Asian colonies?