Kyson Mathematics Policy
Our Mathematics Policy meets the requirements of the National Curriculum 2014.
Early learning in number and calculations in Reception follows the EYFS, “Development Matters”document.
Aims
To ensure:
- Consistency and progression in our approach to Mathematics
- Children learn key facts, key vocabulary and a range of mental methods
- Children develop efficient and reliable formal written methods of calculation for all operations
- Children can use calculation methods accurately, with confidence and understanding
- Children make sensible choices about the methods they use to solve problems
- Children can communicate their thinking and reasoning in a clear and organised way
- Children can make links to develop an integrated understanding of mathematical concepts
- Children develop in their ability to work independently and collaboratively
Age stage expectations
Our Mathematics Curriculum is organised according to age-stage expectations as set out in the National Curriculum 2014. The expectation is that the majority of pupils will move through the programmes of study at broadly the same pace. However, decisions about when to progress should always be based on the security of pupils’ understanding and their readiness to progress to the next stage. Pupils who grasp concepts rapidly should be challenged through being offered rich and sophisticated problems before any acceleration through new content. Those who are not sufficiently fluent with earlier material should consolidate their understanding, including through additional practice, before moving on.
Foundation Stage
Numbers: children count reliably with numbers from 1 to 20, place them in order and say which number is one more or one less than a given number.
Using quantities and objects, they add and subtract two single-digit numbers and count on or back to find the answer. They solve problems, including doubling, halving and sharing.
Shape, space and measures: children use everyday language to talk about size, weight, capacity, position, distance, time and money to compare quantities and objects and to solve problems. They recognise, create and describe patterns. They explore characteristics of everyday objects and shapes and use mathematical language to describe them.
Key Stage 1
The principal focus of mathematics teaching in key stage 1 is to ensure that pupils develop confidence and mental fluency with whole numbers, counting and place value. This should involve working with numerals, words and the four operations, including with practical resources [for example, concrete objects and measuring tools].
At this stage, pupils should develop their ability to recognise, describe, draw, compare and sort different shapes and use the related vocabulary. Teaching should also involve using a range of measures to describe and compare different quantities such as length, mass, capacity/volume, time and money.
By the end of year 2, pupils should know the number bonds to 20 and be precise in using and understanding place value.
An emphasis on practice at this early stage will aid fluency.
Pupils should read and spell mathematical vocabulary, at a level consistent with their increasing word reading and spelling knowledge at key stage.
Lower Key Stage 2
The principal focus of mathematics teaching in lower key stage 2 is to ensure that pupils become increasingly fluent with whole numbers and the four operations, including number facts and the concept of place value. This should ensure that pupils develop efficient written and mental methods and perform calculations accurately with increasingly large whole numbers.
At this stage, pupils should develop their ability to solve a range of problems, including with simple fractions and decimal place value. Teaching should also ensure that pupils draw with increasing accuracy and develop mathematical reasoning so they can analyse shapes and their properties, and confidently describe the relationships between them. It should ensure that they can use measuring instruments with accuracy and make connections between measure and number.
By the end of year 4, pupils should have memorised their multiplication tables up to and including the 12 times multiplication table and show precision and fluency in their work.
Pupils should read and spell mathematical vocabulary.
Upper Key Stage 2
The principal focus of mathematics teaching in upper key stage 2 is to ensure that pupils extend their understanding of the number system and place value to include larger integers. This should develop the connections that pupils make between multiplication and division with fractions, decimals, percentages and ratio.
At this stage, pupils should develop their ability to solve a wider range of problems, including increasingly complex properties of numbers and arithmetic, and problems demanding efficient written and mental methods of calculation. With this foundation in arithmetic, pupils are introduced to the language of algebra as a means for solving a variety of problems.
Teaching in geometry and measures should consolidate and extend knowledge developed in number. Teaching should also ensure that pupils classify shapes with increasingly complex geometric properties and that they learn the vocabulary they need to describe them.
By the end of year 6, pupils should be fluent in written methods for all four operations, including long multiplication and division, and in working with fractions, decimals and percentages.
Pupils should read, spell and pronounce mathematical vocabulary correctly.Curriculum Time
Approximately 5 hours each week is allocated to teaching maths in KS1 and KS2.
Maths Strands
The maths curriculum is based on the National Curriculum 2014 and has been organised into strands:
- Number and Place Value
- Addition and Subtraction
- Multiplication and Division
- Fractions
- Measurement
- Measurement (time)
- Geometry (properties of shapes)
- Geometry (position and direction)
- Statistics
- Ratio & Algebra (Year 6)
Through the objectives in the Maths Strands, teachers plan’Must, Could, Should’ Success Criteria for each lesson. Where children are working significantly above or below the objectives set for the class, objectives from higher or lower age-groups may be appropriate.
Teaching
Children experience a variety of ways of learning:
- Direct teaching to the whole class
- Direct teaching in small groups
- Collaborative group and paired work, including maths games and investigations
- Independent learning, to practise and consolidate learning, including online games and activities
Differentiation and support
This is incorporated into all mathematics lessons and is done in various ways, for all pupils including those who are lower and higher achieving:
- Setting appropriately challenging tasks based on systematic, accurate assessment of pupils’ prior skills, knowledge and understanding.
- Timely support and intervention; systematically and effectively checking pupils’ understanding throughout lessons.
- Ensuring that marking and constructive feedback is frequent and of a consistently high quality enabling pupils to understand how to improve their work; children must be given time to respond to feedback.
- Open ended activities/investigations where differentiation is by outcome.
- Providing a variety of resources depending on abilities eg: Counters, cubes, 100 squares, number lines.
- Support from teacher or TA in class.
- Setting appropriate and regular Mathletics homework and practice of number facts.
- Intervention programmes delivered by 1:1 teachers and TAs.
Assessment and Monitoring
The organisation of the curriculum into strands ensures next steps in each area are identified for each child or group. Teachers assess for learning throughout each maths lesson, adapting teaching to each child’s needs. Assessment of pupil work and progress informs future planning and interventions. Children self-assess against the learning objective and ‘Must, Could, Should,’ Success Criteria, giving them a sense of success at the end of every lesson. Teachers plan regular Response Time to allow children to respond to marking. Children have termly maths targetsand know when they are meeting these.Pupils’ work is marked in line with the school’s marking policy to include next-steps. Summative assessments are made at the end of each half-term.
Tracking is used to ensure that pupils who are not making good progress over time can be targeted for support by teachers, teaching assistants and 121 teachers. External assessments are made at the end of year 2 and 6.
The quality of teaching and learning in mathematics is monitored regularly through:
- Lesson observation
- Book scrutiny
- Analysis of data (Primary Tracker)
Year 1 Add with numbers up to 20
Use numbered number lines to add, by counting on in ones. Encourage children
to start with the larger number and count on.
+1
+1
+1
Children should:
Have access to a wide range of counting equipment, everyday objects,
number tracks and number lines, and be shown numbers in different con-
texts.
Read and write the addition (+) and equals (=) signs within number sentences
Interpret addition number sentences and solve missing box problems,
using concrete objects and number line addition to solve them: 8 + 3 =
15 + 4 =
5+3+1=
+=6
This builds on from prior learning of adding by combining two sets of objects
into one group (5 cubes and 3 cubes) in Early Years.
8 + 5
Key vocabulary: add, more, plus, and, make, altogether, total, equal to, equals, double, most,
count on, number line
Key skills for addition at Y1:
Read and write numbers to 100 in numerals, incl. 1—20 in words
Recall bonds to 10 and 20, and addition facts within 20
Count to and across 100
Count in multiples of 1 2, 5 and 10
Solve simple 1-step problems involving addition, using objects, number lines and pictorial
representations.
Year 2 Add with 2-digit numbers
Add 2-digit numbers and tens:
Developing mental fluency with
addition and place value involving 2-digit numbers, then establish more formal methods.
Add 2-digit numbers and units:
Use empty number lines,
concrete equipment, hundred
squares etc. to build
confidence and fluency in
mental addition skills.
Add pairs of 2-digit numbers, moving to the partitioned column method when
secure adding tens and units:
23 + 34:
STEP 1:Only provide
examples that do
NOT cross the tens
boundary until they
are secure with the
method itself.
STEP 2: Once children can add a
multiple of ten to a 2-digit
number mentally (e.g. 80+11), they
are ready for adding pairs of
2-digit numbers that DO cross
the tens boundary (e.g. 58 + 43).
58 + 43:
STEP 3: Children who are
confident and accurate with
this stage should move onto
the expanded addition
methods with 2 and 3-digit
numbers (see Y3).
To support understanding, pupils may physically make and carry out the calculation with
Dienes Base 10 apparatus or place value counters, then compare their practical version to
the written form, to help them to build an understanding of it.
Key vocabulary: add, more, plus, and, make, altogether, total, equal to, equals, double, most,
count on, number line, sum, tens, units, partition, addition, column, tens boundary
Key skills for addition at Y2:
Add a 2-digit number and ones (e.g. 27 + 6)
Add a 2-digit number and tens (e.g. 23 + 40)
Add pairs of 2-digit numbers (e.g. 35 + 47)
Add three single-digit numbers (e.g. 5 + 9 + 7)
Show that adding can be done in any order (the commutative law).
Recall bonds to 20 and bonds of tens to 100 (30 + 70 etc.)
Count in steps of 2, 3 and 5 and count in tens from any number.
Understand the place value of 2-digit numbers (tens and ones)
Compare and order numbers to 100 using < > and = signs.
Read and write numbers to at least 100 in numerals and words.
Solve problems with addition, using concrete objects, pictorial representations, involving numbers,quantities and measures, and applying mental and written methods.
Year 3 Add numbers with up to 3-digits
Introduce the expanded column addition method:
Add the units first, in preparation
for the compact method.
In order to carry out this method of addition:
Children need to recognise the value of the
hundreds, tens and units without recording the
partitioning.
Pupils need to be able to add in columns.
Move to the compact column addition method, with “carrying”
Add units first.
236
+ 73
Children who are very secure and confident with 3-digit
expanded column addition should be moved onto the compact
column addition method, being introduced to „carrying‟ for
the first time. Compare the expanded method to the
compact column method to develop an understanding of the
process and the reduced number of steps involved.
„Carry‟ numbers
underneath the
bottom line.
309
1
Remind pupils the actual value is „thirty add seventy‘, but we
say „three add seven‘ because it is already in the tens column.
Key vocabulary: add, more, plus, and, make, altogether, total, equal to, equals, double, most, count on,
number line, sum, tens, units, partition, plus, addition, column, tens boundary, hundreds boundary,
increase, vertical, ‘carry‘, expanded, compact
Key skills for addition at Y3:
Read and write numbers to 1000 in numerals and words.
Add 2-digit numbers mentally, incl. those exceeding 100.
Add a three-digit number and ones mentally (175 + 8)
Add a three-digit number and tens mentally (249 + 50)
Add a three-digit number and hundreds mentally (381 + 400)
Estimate answers to calculations, using inverse to check answers.
Solve problems, including missing number problems, usingnumber facts, place value, and more complex addition.
Recognise place value of each digit in 3-digit numbers (hundreds, tens, ones.)
Continue to practise a wide range of mental addition strategies, ie. number bonds, adding the nearestmultiple of
10, 100, 1000 and adjusting, using near doubles, partitioning and recombining.
Year 4 Add numbers with up to 4 digits
Move from expanded addition to the compact column method, adding units
first, and carrying numbers underneath the calculation. Also include money and
measures contexts.
e.g. 3517 + 396 = 3913
Introduce the compact column addition method by
asking children to add the two given numbers together
using the method that they are familiar
with (expanded column addition—see Y3). Teacher
models the compact method with carrying, asking
children to discuss similarities and differences and
establish how it is carried out.
Add units first.
Reinforce correct place value by reminding them that the actual value is 5 hundreds add 3 hundreds, for example.
Carry numbers
underneath the
bottom line.
Use and apply this method to money and
measurement values.
Key vocabulary: add, more, plus, and, make, altogether, total, equal to, equals, double, most, count on,
number line, sum, tens, units, partition, plus, addition, column, tens boundary, hundreds boundary,
increase, vertical, „carry‟, expanded, compact, thousands, hundreds, digits, inverse
Key skills for addition at Y4:
Select most appropriate method: mental, jottings or written and explain why.
Recognise the place value of each digit in a four-digit number.
Round any number to the nearest 10, 100 or 1000.
Estimate and use inverse operations to check answers.
Solve 2-step problems in context, deciding which operations and methods to use and why.
Find 1000 more or less than a given number.
Continue to practise a wide range of mental addition strategies, ie. number bonds, add thenearest
multiple of 10, 100, 1000 and adjust, use near doubles, partitioning and recombining.
Add numbers with up to 4 digits using the formal written method of column addition
Solve 2-step problems in contexts, deciding which operations and methods to use and why.
Estimate and use inverse operations to check answers to a calculation.
Year 5 Add numbers with more than 4 digits
including money, measures and decimals with different numbers of decimal
places.
The decimal point should be aligned in the same
way as the other place value columns, and must
remain in the same column in the answer row.
Numbers should exceed 4 digits.
Pupils should be able to add more than two values,
carefully aligning place value columns.
Empty decimal places can be
Say „6 tenths add 7 tenths‟
to reinforce place value.
filled with zero to show the
place value in each column.
Children should:
Understand the place value of tenths and hundredths and use this to
align numbers with different numbers of decimal places.
Key vocabulary: add, more, plus, and, make, altogether, total, equal to, equals, double, most, count on,
number line, sum, tens, units, partition, plus, addition, column, tens boundary, hundreds boundary,
increase, „carry‟, expanded, compact, vertical, thousands, hundreds, digits, inverse decimal places,
decimal point, tenths, hundredths, thousandths
Key skills for addition at Y5:
Add numbers mentally with increasingly large numbers, using and practising a range of mental strategiesie. add
the nearest multiple of 10, 100, 1000 and adjust; use near doubles, inverse, partitioning andre-combining; using
number bonds.
Use rounding to check answers and accuracy.
Solve multi-step problems in contexts, deciding which operations and methods to use and why.
Read, write, order and compare numbers to at least 1 million and determine the value of each digit.
Round any number up to 1, 000, 000, to the nearest 10, 100, 1000, 10,000 and 100,000.
Add numbers with more than 4 digits using formal written method of columnar addition.
Year 6 Add several numbers of increasing complexity
Adding several numbers with different numbers of
decimal places (including money and measures):