Otolaryngology/Facial Plastic Surgery Medical Student Rotation Syllabus and Resources
- Learn how to perform a Head & Neck Exam
- Learn Otoscopy
- Be proficient with the examination using an otoscope
- Know how to identify the landmarks and tympanic membrane
- Pars tensa
- Pars flaccid
- Malleus
- Short and long process of the incus
- Oropharynx
- Examination of the tongue
- Examination of the floor of the mouth
- Examination of the teeth and gingiva
- Examination of the buccal mucosa
- Examination of the palate
- Examination of the uvula
- Examination of the tonsils - know the grades of tonsillar hypertrophy
- Examination of posterior pharyngeal wall
- Nasal
- Be proficient with the use of the nasal speculum
- Examination should include: the vestibule, mucosa, lateral nasal wall, andnasopharynx
- Be able to diagnose the presence of nasal masses, polyps, or any rhinorrhea
- Be able to assess any septal deviation
- Be Proficient with Head & Neck Exam
- Diagnose head and neck masses and the differentialdiagnoses between them
- Be able to palpate any thyroid mass
- Detect submandibular/parotid masses
- Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
- Be proficient with the anatomy of the tonsillar region, including the muscles that make up the tonsillar fossa and anterior and posterior pillars, as well as the blood supply and nerve supply to the tonsils
- Be proficient with the indications for tonsillectomy andadenoidectomy (relative versus absolute)
- Know the most common organism causing tonsillitis
- Otology
- Be able to diagnose otitis media, otitis media with effusion, and chronic otitis media
- Know the organisms causing otitis media
- Know the indication for tympanostomy tube insertion
- Know the effects of middle ear effusions and the relationship to speech and language development
- Be able to evaluate audiogram. Know the difference between a conductive hearing loss and a sensorineural hearing loss
- Know the role of the eustachian tube in middle ear disease
- Define cholesteatoma
- Know the difference betweenacquired and congenital
- Be able to evaluate tympanograms and know the differencebetween types A, B, and C, and what type of middle ear dysfunction causes each
- Know the complications of otitis media
- Otologic complications
- Intracranial complications
- Treatment
- Know the work-up of a dizzy patient and different causesof dizziness related to the inner ear
- Meniere's disease
- Benign positional vertigo
- Vestibular neuronitis
- Acoustic neuromas (Vestibular Schwannoma)
- Nose
- Know the anatomy of the nose, the blood supply, andthe bones that make up the nose.
- Nasal fractures.
- Know how to diagnose a nasal bone fracture based on its gross appearance and how we treat nasal fractures—closed versus open
- Nasal septum.
- Significance of a deviated nasal septum, bothanatomically and physiologically
- Significance of septal perforations and the causes
- Septal hematoma and its potential long-term effects
- Diseases of the nasal cavity
- Acute rhinitis—Know the most common cause
- Allergic rhinitis—Know the causes
- Hypertrophy of the turbinates
- Nasal polyps
- Vasomotor Rhinitis
- Atrophic rhinitis
- Unilateral Nasal Discharge
- Nasal Foreign Bodies
- Choanal Atresia
- Malignancies - know the different types
- CSF Rhinorrhea
- Acute and Chronic Sinusitis
- Acute sinusitis - know the signs and symptoms
- Treat most common organisms causing acute sinusitis
- Treatment for acute sinusitis
- Chronic Sinusitis
- Most common organisms causing chronic sinusitis
- Antibiotics used to treat chronic sinusitis
- Diagnosis of chronic sinusitis and effectiveness ofplain radiographs versus CT scan.
- Be proficient reading CT scan of the sinuses. Knowthe anatomical landmarks of the sinuses on CT scan as well as landmarks seen during surgery. These include: the middle turbinate, uncinate process, and bulla ethmoidalis
- Complications of Chronic Sinusitis
- Signs and Symptoms
- Complications of chronic sinusitis, including orbital cellulitis, periorbital abscess, cavernous sinus thrombosis, meningitis, epidural abscess, subdural abscess, brain abscess, and osteomyelitis of the skull
- Salivary Glands
- Parotid Gland
- Anatomy
- Blood supply and innervation
- Submandibular Gland
- Anatomy
- Blood supply and innervation
- Sublingual Glands
- Know work-up for a salivary gland mass and the treatment for salivary gland masses
- Know the causes of benign salivary gland tumors, including themost common benign salivary gland tumors
- Know the most common malignant salivary gland tumors
- Head and Neck
- Physical examination (see above section 1)
- Know the location of neck masses in relationship to the SCM and the triangles of the neck
- Know diagnostic studies.
- CT scan versus MRI
- Ultrasound and its potential benefit
- Plain films, soft tissue films, and what role they may have, if any
- Branchial Cleft Cyst
- Know the different types of branchial cleft cysts
- Thyroglossal Duct Cyst
- Know the signs and symptoms
- Differential diagnosis and treatment
- Dermoids
- Know the signs and symptoms and physical presentation
- Know the treatment of dermoids
- Inflammatory
- Know the signs and symptoms of inflammatory adenopathy
- Know the studies to obtain, including cultures and aspiration in the treatment
- Chronic Inflammatory Adenopathy
- Neoplasms
- Benign neck neoplasms including:
- Cystic hygromas
- Hemangiomas
- Carotid body tumors
- Lymphangiomas
- Malignant neck masses
- Diagnostic approach
- History and Social Factors
- Previous radiation
- Treatment of and the role of radiation and chemotherapy
Useful Websites and Resources
- Iowa Head and Neck Protocols
- UTMB ENT Grand Rounds
- CT of the Temporal Bone Anatomy
Useful ENT Videos Online ***(videos: search Fauquier ENT on youtube.com)***
- Anatomy of the Neck
- Part 1(
- Part 2(
- Examination Series by Dr A Albeyatti, England
- Ear: video link (
- Nose: video link (
- Throat/Neck: video link(
- ENT Basics
- Quinsy & Tonsillitis, by Short sharp scratch:Video Link(
- Epistaxis:Video Link (
- Foreign Bodies in the nose:Video Link (
- Foreign Bodies in the throat:Video Link (
- Foreign Bodies in the ear:Video Link
(
- EarInfections:Video Link (
- Head and Neck Skills
- Ear
- Eustachian Tube Dysfunction: video link(
- Video link(
- Myringotomy tube insertion: video link(
- Tympanoplasty: video link(
- BBPV and Exercises: video link(
- Video link(
- Video link(
- Meniere’s Disease:video link(
- Intratympanic Steroid Injections for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSnHL): video link(
- Nose
- Epistaxis Cauterization: video link (
- Septoplasty: video link (
- Balloon Sinuplasty: video link(
- Oral cavity/Oropharynx
- Frenulectomy: video link(
- Video link(
- Adenoidectomy:video link(
- Video link (
- Tonsillectomy: video link(
- Coblator technique:video link(
- Throat/Larynx
- Laryngospasm and Vocal Cord Dysfunction: video link(
- Neck
- Tracheostomy placement: video link(
- Changing a Tracheostomy Tube: video link (
- Thyroidectomy: video link(
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