Oral Board Review Drugs

Oral Board Review Drugs

Anaphylaxis

Adult / Pediatrics
Epinephrine 1:1,000 (1 mg/mL) / 0.3 mg IM / 0.01 mg/kg (max 0.3 mg)
Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol) / 2 mg/kg IV (max 125 mg) / 2 mg/kg IV (max 60 mg)
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) / 50 mg IV/PO / 5 mg/kg/day IV/PO divided q4-6h
1 mg/kg IVP
Famotidine / 40 mg IV/PO
Ranitidine / 50 mg IV

Antibiotics

Adult / Pediatrics
Ampicillin / 50 mg/kg IV / same
Ampicillin/sulbactam (Unasyn) / 3g IV
Cefazolin (Ancef) / 1g IV
Cefotaxime / 1-2 g / 50 mg/kg
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) / 1-2g IV / 50 mg/kg
100 mg/kg (meningitis)
Clindamycin / 600-900 mg IV
Gentamicin / 2.5 mg/kg IV
Levofloxacin / 500 or 750 mg IV/PO
Metronidazole (Flagyl) / 500 mg IV
Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn) / 3.375 g IV (most infections)
4.5 g IV (severe PNA or pseudomonas)
Vancomycin / 20 mg/kg IV / same

Anticoagulation

Adult / Pediatrics
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) / STEMI: 30 mg IV and 1 mg/kg SC
NSTEMI: 1 mg/kg SC
PE/DVT (treatment): 1 mg/kg SC
Heparin (ACS) / Bolus: 60 units/kg up to 4,000 units x1
Infusion: 12 units/kg/hr up to 1,000 units/hr
Heparin (DVT/PE) / 80 units/kg IV up to 10,000 units x1
Infusion: 18 units/kg/hr up to 1,600 units/hr

Dysrhythmias

Adult / Pediatrics
Adenosine / 6 mg IV, then 12 mg IV (repeat) / 0.1 mg/kg (max 6 mg/dose), then 0.2 mg/kg (max 12 mg/dose)
Amiodarone / Pulseless: 300 mg IVP then 150 mg IVP
Pulse: 150mg over 10 min, then start drip / 5 mg/kg (max 300 mg/dose), max total 15 mg/kg
Atropine / 0.5 mg IV/IO for bradycardia / 0.02 mg/kg (min 0.1 mg/dose, max 0.4 mg/dose)
Diltiazem / 20 mg IV. Start drip at 5-10 mg/hr (max 15 mg/h) IV
Epinephrine (cardiac arrest) / 1 mg (10 mL of 1:10,000) IV q3-5min / 0.01 mg/kg (max of 1 mg/dose) IV q3-5 min
Lidocaine / Load: 1 mg/kg IV
Bolus: 0.5 mg/kg IV q5-10 min PRN
Max: 3 mg/kg

Hypertensive Emergency

Adult / Pediatrics
Esmolol / Bolus: 500 mcg/kg IV
Initiate: 50 mcg/kg/min and titrate up to 200 mcg/kg/min
Labetalol / Bolus: 20 mg IVP
IVP: 40-80 mg IVP q10min PRN
Infusion: 0.5-2 mg/kg
Max: Up to a total of 300 mg
Metoprolol (Lopressor) / 5mg IVP q5min x3 doses (total max 15 mg over a 10-15 min period)
Nicardipine / Initiate at 2.5-5 mg/h, titrate to max of 15 mg/h
Nitroglycerin / 10-20 mcg/min IV, titrate to max of 400 mcg/min
Nitroprusside / 0.3 mcg/kg/min, titrated up to max of 10 mcg/kg/min

Rapid Sequence Intubation

Adult / Pediatrics
Induction: Etomidate / 0.3 mg/kg
Induction: Ketamine / 1-2 mg/kg
Paralytic: Rocuronium / 1 mg/kg
Paralytic: Succinylcholine / 1.5 mg/kg / 2 mg/kg
Paralytic: Vecuronium / 0.1 mg/kg
Analgesia: Fentanyl / Bolus: 1-2 mcg/kg IVP
Infusion: 0.5-2 mcg/kg/h IV
Sedation: Propofol / Bolus induction: 2mg/kg
Bolus deep sedation: 1mg/kg
Infusion: 5-10 mcg/kg/min
Sedation: Midazolam / Bolus induction: 5-10mg IV
Bolus sedation: 1-2 mg
Infusion: 1-2 mg/hr

Status Asthmaticus

Adult / Pediatrics
Albuterol / 5 mg neb q20min x3
10 mg/h continuous nebulization
Ipratropium (Atrovent) / 0.5 mg neb q20 min x3
Epinephrine / 0.3 mg IM
Terbutaline / 0.25 mg SC

Status Epilepticus

Adult / Pediatrics
Diazepam (Valium) / 0.2 mg/kg (max 10 mg/dose) IV
0.3-0.5 mg/kg PR (max 20 mg)
Lorazepam (Ativan) / 0.1 mg/kg (max 4 mg/dose)
Midazolam (Versed) / 0.2 mg/kg IV or IM (usual dose 5-15 mg)
Phenobarbital / 20 mg/kg IV
Phenytoin (Dilantin) or Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx) / 20 mg/kg IV
Valproic Acid / 20 mg/kg IV
Pyridoxine / 5g IV bolus or 1g:1g ingested of INH

Vasopressors/Inotropes

Adult / Pediatrics
Dobutamine / 2-20 mcg/kg/min
Dopamine / 2-20 mcg/kg/min
Epinephrine / Initiate at 1-2 mcg/min / 0.1 mcg/kg/min (after 10 kg, use adult dosing)
Norepinephrine / Initiate at 5-20 mcg/min

Trauma

Adult / Pediatrics
PRBC / 20 mL/kg
FFP / 10 mL/kg
3% NaCl / 300 mL bolus IV
Mannitol 20% / 0.5-1 g/kg IV

Fever

Adult / Pediatrics
APAP / 325-1000 mg / 15 mg/kg PO q4-6h PRN
Ibuprofen / 200-400 mg / 10 mg/kg PO q6-8h PRN
1 TSP = 5 mL
1 TBSP = 15 mL