Online Resource 3 – Summary of quantitative estimates of the left-hand side of Equation 1 from the literature
Recurrent violations of invariant rules for offspring size: evidence from turtles and the implications for small clutch size models
Oecologia
Njal Rollinson, Christopher B. Edge*, and Ron J. Brooks
*Corresponding Author,
A summary of estimates for the ratio of the ranges of offspring size (i.e., the left-hand size of Equation 1 in the main text) forclutches of size i+1 and i.Clutch size is C, andN is the sum of clutches of size i+1 and i.The value expected from the right hand size of Equation 1 (i.e., Ci/Ci+1) is E, and O is the observed ratio of the ranges of offspring size that was estimated from the left hand side of Equation 1. Sex is the sex of offspring evaluated, and Ref is the relevant reference: (1) Mayhew and van Alphen (1999) (2) Fidgen et al. (2000) (3) West et al. (2001) (4) Mayhew (1998) (5) Bezemer and Mills (2003) (6) Bernal et al. (1999) (7) Uller et al. (2009) (8) Uller and Olsson (2009) (9) Guinnee et al. (2004) (10) Kasparian et al. (2005) (11) present study
C{i+1,i} / N / E / O / 95%CI / Sex / Species / Ref2,1 / 60 / 0.5 / 0.759 / 0.601–0.954 / male / Achrysocharoides zwoelferi, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 3
2,1 / 6 / 0.5 / 1.011 / 0.257–4.80 / male / Aphaereta pallipes, Hymenoptera: Braconidae / 1
2,1 / 200 / 0.5 / 0.85 / 0.650–1.11 / mixed / Cavia aperea, Rodentia: Cavviidae / 10
2,1 / 15 / 0.5 / 1.09 / 0.710–1.65 / clonal / Daphnia magna, Cladocera: Daphniidae / 9
2,1 / 78 / 0.5 / 0.71 / 0.380–1.11 / mixed / Egernia whitii, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
2,1 / 45 / 0.5 / 0.951 / 0.696–1.39 / female / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
2,1 / 55 / 0.5 / 0.788 / 0.598–1.14 / male / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
2,1 / 18 / 0.5 / 0.83 / 0.200–2.04 / mixed / Eulamprus heatwolei, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
2,1 / 139 / 0.5 / 0.91 / 0.540–1.38 / mixed / Eulamprus tympanum, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
2,1 / 40 / 0.5 / 0.792 / 0.561–1.34 / female / Laelius pedatus, Hymenoptera: Bethylidae / 4
2,1 / 20 / 0.5 / 1.332 / 0.895–2.02 / male / Laelius pedatus, Hymenoptera: Bethylidae / 4
2,1 / 20 / 0.5 / 1.34 / 0.931–1.87 / female / Mastrus ridibundus, Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae / 5
2,1 / 15 / 0.5 / 1.264 / 0.755–2.04 / male / Mastrus ridibundus, Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae / 5
2,1 / 60 / 0.5 / 0.862 / 0.009–1.03 / female / Metaphycus stanleyi, Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae / 6
2,1 / 60 / 0.5 / 0.63 / 0.416–0.896 / male / Metaphycus stanleyi, Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae / 6
2,1 / 85 / 0.5 / 1.03 / 0.340–2.65 / mixed / Niveoscincus microlepidotus, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
2,1 / 28 / 0.5 / 1.34 / 0.460–3.68 / mixed / Tiliqua rugosa, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
3,2 / 35 / 0.67 / 0.503 / 0.358–0.681 / male / Achrysocharoides zwoelferi, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae / 3
3,2 / 10 / 0.667 / 0.392 / 0.149–0.828 / male / Aphaereta pallipes, Hymenoptera: Braconidae / 1
3,2 / 153 / 0.67 / 0.58 / 0.400–0.86 / mixed / Cavia aperea, Rodentia: Cavviidae / 10
3,2 / 208 / 0.67 / 1.04 / 0.780–1.24 / mixed / Ctenophorus fordi, Squamata: Agamidae / 8
3,2 / 203 / 0.67 / 0.96 / 0.76–1.22 / mixed / Ctenophorus fordi, Squamata: Agamidae / 7
3,2 / 22 / 0.67 / 0.83 / 0.570–1.10 / clonal / Daphnia magna, Cladocera: Daphniidae / 9
3,2 / 80 / 0.67 / 0.86 / 0.480–1.51 / mixed / Egernia whitii, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
3,2 / 34 / 0.667 / 0.693 / 0.532–0.900 / female / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
3,2 / 40 / 0.667 / 1.152 / 0.849–1.45 / male / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
3,2 / 38 / 0.67 / 1 / 0.480–1.76 / mixed / Eulamprus heatwolei, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
3,2 / 241 / 0.67 / 0.93 / 0.790–1.17 / mixed / Eulamprus tympanum, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
3,2 / 36 / 0.667 / 0.886 / 0.657–1.15 / female / Laelius pedatus, Hymenoptera: Bethylidae / 4
3,2 / 34 / 0.667 / 0.818 / 0.606–1.01 / male / Laelius pedatus, Hymenoptera: Bethylidae / 4
3,2 / 30 / 0.67 / 2.63 / 1.16–4.84 / mixed / Lampropholis mirabilis, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
3,2 / 60 / 0.667 / 1.659 / 1.17–2.16 / female / Mastrus ridibundus, Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae / 5
3,2 / 50 / 0.667 / 1.15 / 0.730–1.65 / male / Mastrus ridibundus, Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae / 5
3,2 / 23 / 0.667 / 0.883 / 0.065–1.25 / female / Metaphycus stanleyi, Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae / 6
3,2 / 21 / 0.667 / 0.907 / 0.489–1.42 / male / Metaphycus stanleyi, Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae / 6
3,2 / 113 / 0.67 / 1.14 / 0.690–1.90 / mixed / Niveoscincus microlepidotus, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
3,2 / 273 / 0.67 / 0.9 / 0.740–1.11 / mixed / Niveoscincus ocellatus, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
3,2 / 33 / 0.67 / 0.82 / 0.390–1.52 / mixed / Tiliqua rugosa, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
4,3 / 20 / 0.75 / 0.92 / 0.310–3.55 / mixed / Amphibolurus muricatus, Squamata: Agamidae / 7
4,3 / 48 / 0.75 / 0.64 / 0.390–1.07 / mixed / Cavia aperea, Rodentia: Cavviidae / 10
4,3 / 75 / 0.75 / 1.101 / 0.605–1.60 / mixed / Chrysemys picta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
4,3 / 230 / 0.75 / 0.65 / 0.490–0.930 / mixed / Ctenophorus fordi, Squamata: Agamidae / 8
4,3 / 192 / 0.75 / 0.73 / 0.480–1.00 / mixed / Ctenophorus fordi, Squamata: Agamidae / 7
4,3 / 71 / 0.75 / 1.25 / 0.560–3.63 / mixed / Ctenophorus pictus, Squamata: Agamidae / 7
4,3 / 23 / 0.75 / 0.99 / 0.700–1.41 / clonal / Daphnia magna, Cladocera: Daphniidae / 9
4,3 / 30 / 0.75 / 1.425 / 1.06–1.83 / female / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
4,3 / 27 / 0.75 / 1.102 / 0.793–1.59 / male / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
4,3 / 35 / 0.75 / 1.53 / 0.510–3.30 / mixed / Eulamprus heatwolei, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
4,3 / 200 / 0.75 / 1.16 / 0.850–1.61 / mixed / Eulamprus tympanum, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
4,3 / 20 / 0.75 / 0.849 / 0.406–1.31 / female / Laelius pedatus, Hymenoptera: Bethylidae / 4
4,3 / 20 / 0.75 / 1.224 / 0.782–1.92 / male / Laelius pedatus, Hymenoptera: Bethylidae / 4
4,3 / 27 / 0.75 / 0.84 / 0.060–2.50 / mixed / Lampropholis mirabilis, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
4,3 / 49 / 0.75 / 0.875 / 0.654–1.21 / female / Mastrus ridibundus, Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae / 5
4,3 / 56 / 0.75 / 1.104 / 0.640–1.62 / male / Mastrus ridibundus, Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae / 5
4,3 / 12 / 0.75 / 0.846 / 0.611–1.28 / female / Metaphycus stanleyi, Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae / 6
4,3 / 14 / 0.75 / 0.63 / 0.268–1.13 / male / Metaphycus stanleyi, Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae / 6
4,3 / 58 / 0.75 / 1.6 / 1.05–2.40 / mixed / Niveoscincus microlepidotus, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
4,3 / 365 / 0.75 / 1.11 / 0.870–1.29 / mixed / Niveoscincus ocellatus, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
5,4 / 48 / 0.8 / 1.37 / 0.64–2.83 / mixed / Amphibolurus muricatus, Squamata: Agamidae / 7
5,4 / 213 / 0.8 / 0.922 / 0.644–1.20 / mixed / Chrysemys picta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
5,4 / 73 / 0.8 / 0.36 / 0.230–1.03 / mixed / Ctenophorus fordi, Squamata: Agamidae / 8
5,4 / 57 / 0.8 / 0.62 / 0.200–1.24 / mixed / Ctenophorus fordi, Squamata: Agamidae / 7
5,4 / 111 / 0.8 / 0.78 / 0.340–1.45 / mixed / Ctenophorus pictus, Squamata: Agamidae / 7
5,4 / 24 / 0.8 / 1.28 / 0.720–1.78 / clonal / Daphnia magna, Cladocera: Daphniidae / 9
5,4 / 17 / 0.8 / 0.809 / 0.598–1.27 / female / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
5,4 / 22 / 0.8 / 0.896 / 0.578–1.25 / male / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
5,4 / 15 / 0.8 / 0.71 / 0.150–2.26 / mixed / Eulamprus quoyii, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
5,4 / 82 / 0.8 / 0.76 / 0.460–1.36 / mixed / Eulamprus tympanum, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
5,4 / 33 / 0.8 / 0.834 / 0.619–1.09 / female / Mastrus ridibundus, Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae / 5
5,4 / 37 / 0.8 / 0.719 / 0.491–1.10 / male / Mastrus ridibundus, Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae / 5
5,4 / 7 / 0.8 / 0.617 / 0.155–1.22 / female / Metaphycus stanleyi, Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae / 6
5,4 / 7 / 0.8 / 1.28 / 0.240–3.26 / male / Metaphycus stanleyi, Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae / 6
5,4 / 21 / 0.8 / 0.57 / 0.030–1.77 / mixed / Niveoscincus microlepidotus, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
5,4 / 263 / 0.8 / 0.95 / 0.550–1.37 / mixed / Niveoscincus ocellatus, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
6,5 / 71 / 0.83 / 0.7 / 0.430–1.21 / mixed / Amphibolurus muricatus, Squamata: Agamidae / 7
6,5 / 20 / 0.83 / 0.95 / 0.45–2.27 / mixed / Bassiana duperreyi, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
6,5 / 521 / 0.833 / 0.934 / 0.743–1.126 / mixed / Chrysemys picta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
6,5 / 72 / 0.83 / 1.03 / 0.54–1.66 / mixed / Ctenophorus pictus, Squamata: Agamidae / 7
6,5 / 24 / 0.83 / 0.72 / 0.460–1.21 / clonal / Daphnia magna, Cladocera: Daphniidae / 9
6,5 / 17 / 0.833 / 0.966 / 0.761–1.13 / female / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
6,5 / 18 / 0.833 / 1.068 / 0.666–1.69 / male / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
6,5 / 16 / 0.83 / 1.29 / 0.420–3.15 / mixed / Eulamprus quoyii, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
6,5 / 8 / 0.833 / 0.668 / 0.384–1.58 / female / Mastrus ridibundus, Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae / 5
6,5 / 10 / 0.833 / 0.854 / 0.510–1.35 / male / Mastrus ridibundus, Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae / 5
6,5 / 108 / 0.83 / 0.45 / 0.390–1.07 / mixed / Niveoscincus ocellatus, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
7,6 / 53 / 0.86 / 0.9 / 0.530–1.37 / mixed / Amphibolurus muricatus, Squamata: Agamidae / 7
7,6 / 30 / 0.86 / 1.16 / 0.380–2.27 / mixed / Bassiana duperreyi, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
7,6 / 913 / 0.857 / 1.187 / 0.990–1.384 / mixed / Chrysemys picta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
7,6 / 35 / 0.86 / 1.41 / 0.720–1.85 / clonal / Daphnia magna, Cladocera: Daphniidae / 9
7,6 / 10 / 0.857 / 0.916 / 0.423–1.56 / female / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
7,6 / 7 / 0.857 / 0.806 / 0.184–1.79 / male / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
7,6 / 17 / 0.86 / 1.1 / 0.390–2.6 / mixed / Eulamprus quoyii, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
7,6 / 23 / 0.857 / 1.064 / 0.246–1.88 / mixed / Glyptemys insculpta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
8,7 / 31 / 0.87 / 0.78 / 0.510–1.2 / mixed / Amphibolurus muricatus, Squamata: Agamidae / 7
8,7 / 36 / 0.87 / 1.14 / 0.350–3.16 / mixed / Bassiana duperreyi, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
8,7 / 1014 / 0.875 / 0.775 / 0.672–0.878 / mixed / Chrysemys picta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
8,7 / 28 / 0.88 / 0.7 / 0.430–1.39 / clonal / Daphnia magna, Cladocera: Daphniidae / 9
8,7 / 8 / 0.875 / 1.374 / 0.639–2.58 / female / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
8,7 / 5 / 0.875 / 1.12 / 0.227–2.33 / male / Elachertus cacoeciae, Hymenoptera: Eulophidae / 2
8,7 / 14 / 0.87 / 0.86 / 0.00–4.00 / mixed / Eulamprus quoyii, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
8,7 / 37 / 0.875 / 1.18 / 0.434–1.93 / mixed / Glyptemys insculpta, Testudines: Emydida / 11
9,8 / 23 / 0.88 / 0.81 / 0.360–2.04 / mixed / Bassiana duperreyi, Squamata: Scincidae / 7
9,8 / 718 / 0.889 / 1.026 / 0.893–1.16 / mixed / Chrysemys picta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
9,8 / 17 / 0.89 / 0.81 / 0.370–1.40 / clonal / Daphnia magna, Cladocera: Daphniidae / 9
9,8 / 56 / 0.889 / 0.776 / 0.414–1.14 / mixed / Glyptemys insculpta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
10,9 / 378 / 0.9 / 0.815 / 0.659–0.971 / mixed / Chrysemys picta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
10,9 / 16 / 0.9 / 1.21 / 0.640–2.68 / clonal / Daphnia magna, Cladocera: Daphniidae / 9
10,9 / 74 / 0.9 / 1.04 / 0.644–1.44 / mixed / Glyptemys insculpta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
11,10 / 158 / 0.909 / 1.205 / 0.808–1.60 / mixed / Chrysemys picta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
11,10 / 77 / 0.909 / 1.027 / 0.581–1.47 / mixed / Glyptemys insculpta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
12,11 / 46 / 0.917 / 0.75 / 0.265–1.24 / mixed / Chrysemys picta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
12,11 / 64 / 0.917 / 0.868 / 0.358–1.38 / mixed / Glyptemys insculpta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
13,12 / 43 / 0.923 / 0.917 / 0.347–1.49 / mixed / Glyptemys insculpta, Testudines: Emydidae / 11
Literature cited
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