Objective: Comprehend Levels of Organization of the Human Body by Reading Informational

Name ______TheOrganizationoftheHumanBody

Objective: Comprehend levels of organization of the human body by reading informational text, summarizing and making analogies.

PART 1: READING - Read below with your team, switching who is the reader and who is the summarizer each paragraph. The cloud should contain the MAIN IDEA of each paragraph.

Imagineyou’reat lunch.Yournosesmellspizza. Yourlegsmove overtowherehotlunchisbeingserved.Youhaveto balancethefoodandyourmilkinyourhands,look aroundfora freeseat, andthensitdown.This may seem simple,manydifferentpartsofyourbodyhavetoworktogetherto makeallofthathappen.Tomakesureyourbodycan work correctly,evenwhenit doesmanythingsatonce,yourbodymustbecarefullyorganized.

Thesmallest unitofourorganization,oursmallestpart,isthecell.Thecell isthebuildingblock ofalllivingthings,butyou probablyrememberedthat!Eachhumanbodyismadeupof over100trillioncells thathavedifferentstructuresanddifferentfunctions.Wehavebloodcellsthatcarryoxygento ourmuscles,andnervecellsthatcarryelectrical impulsesfromourbrainsto therest ofourbodies. Ifthewhole bodyislike a city, acellis just onesimple brick.

Thenext largestunitof organizationinyourbodyisatissue.No,that’snotthesamethingaswhat youblowyournosewith.Atissueisa groupofsimilarcellsworkingtogether.Ifthewhole bodyisacity,andacellis justonebrick, atissueisonestepbigger–ahouse.

Therearefourmaintypesof tissues.Muscletissue (whichmakesupmuscles) can shortentomakeyourbodymove.Nervoustissuecarrieselectricalsignalsbetweenthebrainandthebodyto controlthebody. Connectivetissue,such asbone,bloodandfat,connectsthevariouspartsofthebody. Andepithelialtissue, suchasskin,covers thesurfacesof yourbody.

Thenext largestunitoforganizationinyourbodyisanorgan.You’veprobablyheardoforgansbefore.Yourheart,stomach,brainandlungsareallorgans.Organsformwhendifferenttypesoftissuecometogethertoperformaspecificjobforthebody. Ifa cell isabrick, andatissueisa house,anorganislike a cityblock.

Anorgan’sjobismorecomplicated thana tissue’sjob,whichiswhyit takes more thanonekindoftissue.Forexample, theheartistheorganresponsibleforpumpingoxygen-richbloodto therest ofyourbody.Todothis,it needsall fourkindsoftissue.Muscletissue helpstheheartpumpbloodthroughyourbody,andthenervoustissuereceivessignalsfromthebrainaboutwhentopump.

The next largest levelof organizationsmaller thanyourwholebodyisanorgansystem. OrgansystemsaregroupsoforgansthatworktogethertoperformBIGjobsforyourbody.Ifanorganislikeacityblock, anorgan systemis likeanentireneighborhood,likeBackBay.

Thecirculatory(sir-cue-la-tore-ee)systemisagood example.YourcirculatorysystemperformsaBIG jobforthebody–ittransportsmaterialsweneed,likefoodandoxygen,throughoutourbodies.Todothis,thesystemusesthehearttopumpblood, andyourbloodvessels(forexample,yourveins)tocarrythebloodallover.We’llspendmostofthisunitlearningallaboutorgansystems!

The largest level of organization is your whole body.
This level is called the organism.Organisms cancarry
out all basic life processes. This means they can take in
materials, release energy from food, release wastes,
grow, respond to the environment, and reproduce.

*When you finish complete the activities on pages 3-4

PART 2: GRAPHIC ORGANIZER - Workwithyourteamtofilloutthegraphic organizerbelow,basedonthereading.I recommend you startwiththemiddleovalofeach level,thentheshapestothesides.

SMALLEST

PART 3: WHICH LEVEL? – Work withyourteamtoanswerthequestionsbelow.Theanswertoeachquestionisoneofthefourlevelsoforganization:cell,tissue,organ, organsystem.

1.Whatarethefivelevelsoforganizationinourbodies,fromsmallesttolargest?

(Smallest) ______________________________ (Largest)

2.Whichlevelof organizationismadeof differenttypesoftissueworking togetherto performaspecificjobforyourbody?

3.Whichlevelof organizationismadeof manydifferentorgansworkingtogethertoperformaBIG jobforyourbody,likedigestingyourfood?

4.Whichlevelof organizationismadeof similarcellsworking together?

Forexample,manymusclecellsworkingtogether.

5.Yourheart,liverandlungsaremadeofmanytypesoftissuesworking together.Thatmakesyourheart,liverandlungsexamplesofwhat?

6.Thepicturetotherightshows youseveralorgansworking together,includingyourlungs,bronchiandtrachea(windpipe).Thismeansthispictureshows youa ______.

7.FillintheBlank: Thepicturetotherightshowsyoumanyskincellsworkingtogethertoformepithelial ______.

8.Whichpartofthehumanbodyismorecomplex,yourheartoryourcirculatorysystem?
ExplainYourAnswer:

9.FinalQuestion:Whyisthebodysocarefullyorganized,from small levelsuptolargelevels?Whatdoesthiscarefulorganizationhelpthebodyaccomplish?

(HINT:Lookback towardthebeginningofthereading).

HOMEWORK

PART 4: ANALOGIES - Now,timetoworkindependently!Rememberhowananalogycomparestwothings?Forexample, a cell islikeabrickbecausetheyarebothbuildingblocksforbigthings.

Practiceyourunderstandingof thehumanbody’sorganizationbycompletingthefollowinganalogies.Dothisbymatchingthelevelsoforganizationof thehumanbody–cell,tissue,organ,organsystem,wholebody–totheappropriatepartoftheanalogy

EXAMPLE:City

Brick:Cell
House: Tissue

Neighborhood:OrganSystemCityBlock:Organ

WholeCity:Organism

SCHOOL

______:Cell
______: Tissue

______:Organ
______:Organ System

______:Organism

USA

______:Cell
______: Tissue

______:Organ
______:Organ System

______:Organism

YOUR OWN EXAMPLE ______

______:Cell
______: Tissue

______:Organ
______:Organ System

______:Organism

BOOK (Challenge – Add two levels that are smaller than a cell)

______:
______:
______:Cell
______: Tissue

______:Organ
______:Organ System

______:Organism