Notesheet on Ch 13 RNA & Protein Synthesis

§ DNA is like a code that instructs the cell to make ______

§ ______- specific sequence of DNA that codes for protein synthesis

Comparing DNA and RNA: /

2. Number of strands
3. Nitrogen bases
4. Type of sugar
5. Location in the cell

Three Types of RNA – each has a specific job to do!

1. mRNA – stands for ______

o It’s job is –

2. tRNA – stands for ______

o It’s job is -

3. rRNA - stands for ______

o It’s job is -

Protein Synthesis:

§ Protein synthesis is carried out by 2 cooperating processes:

1. Transcription is a process that converts ______into ______

§ Transcription occurs in the ______of the cell

2. Translation is a process which converts ______into a ______

§ Translation occurs in the ______of the cell

§ The organelle that makes proteins using a code from DNA is the ______

§ Since DNA is too big to fit through the nuclear pores, ______goes into the nucleus to make a copy of DNA

§ ______is an enzyme similar to DNA polymerase; it binds to DNA, separates the strands, and uses 1 strand as a template to make RNA

§ What is the mRNA sequence if DNA has the sequence …
DNA – A G G T A T C G C A G A T C G A C A G A T C

RNA -______

§ mRNA then carries the single-stranded sequence out to the ______

Key Vocab Words:

§ Amino acids – the building blocks of proteins, which are carried to the ribosome by a special molecule, called ______

§ Polypeptides – long chains of ______

§ Codon – a group of ______nucleotide bases in mRNA which carries the code for making ______

o Use p367 – Give an example of a codon and its amino acid

§ Anticodon – a group of ______nucleotide bases in tRNA which is complementary to one ______

§ ______attaches to the ribosome

§ ______carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA message (codon)

§ The amino acids bond together, forming a long chain called a ______.