Name: US Hist: Immigration & Slavery, Ch. 3 Sec. 1 Standards: USH2.a-d

  1. Which major groups of immigrants came to Britain’s American colonies in the 1700s?
  • Scots, Irish, Germans and Africans
  1. Based on the description of European immigration to the American colonies, what were the main causes of immigration to the Americas? (push/pull factors)
  • Push – escape poverty, avoid war
  • Pull – land availability, religious freedom
  • Africans – brought against their will
  1. Map Skills page 67……How does the diversity of the populations of New England and the Middle Colonies compare?
  • Middle colonies were more diverse
  1. Describe the transatlantic slave trade. Be sure to include the concepts of triangular trade and the Middle Passage.
  • Most went to West Indies; about 250,000 to colonies
  • Kidnapped or taken between African Kingdoms
  • Europeans paid high prices
  • Manufactured goods from Europe – to Africa in exchange for people – to New World in exchange for raw materials ---- then back to Europe to make into manufactured goods
  1. How did the laws concerning enslaved Africans sent to the 13 colonies change in the 1700s? Why did slavery become a permanent condition in the colonies?
  • Some in 1600s were servants not slaves – and thus could own land
  • Eventually laws changed to support permanent slavery
  1. Who was Phyllis Wheatley?
  • First African American to publish a book of poems
  1. How did slavery differ in the North and the South?
  • Fewer slaves in the North, they tended to work more skilled jobs.
  • More slaves in the South, they did manual labor mostly on farms
  1. Why do you think enslaved African Americans living in the South were better able to preserve parts of African culture as well as build a new African culture?
  • Concentrated – b/c of labor needs on plantations there were more often large numbers.
  • Able to preserve traditions and use them to create an African American culture.

The American Colonies and England

Chapter 3—Section 2

  1. How did English ideas about government and the economy influence life in the 13 colonies?
  • Because they were English citizens, the American colonists believed they were entitled to the same rights as people living in England. They modeled local gov’ts after England’s and had an economic system that was English and controlled by mercantilism.
  1. Define the following terms:
  2. Magna Carta—limited Kings ability to tax by guaranteeing due process
  3. Parliament—bicameral legislature
  4. English Bill of Rights—William and Mary – guaranteed freedoms
  5. Habeas corpus—can’t be held in prison without being charged
  6. Salutary neglect—self-rule for colonies – England didn’t’ really enforce policies after Glorious Revolution
  7. Mercantilism—build wealth and power by industry (export more than import); accumulate gold
  8. Navigation acts—only English ships, certain goods only to Britain (tobacco, sugar)
  9. Enlightenment—Human reason, challenged old ways of thinking
  1. How did the Glorious Revolution affect the 13 colonies?
  • Rebellions occurred in several colonies – new English gov’t reorganized colonial gov’t (salutary neglect)
  1. Infographic page 74
  2. How does the government in the US reflect the Greco-Roman traditions of democracy and republicanism?
  3. Belief in democracy; Greeks “rule by people”, Romans – republic
  1. What Enlightenment values appear in the Declaration of Independence?
  2. John Locke – right to overthrow gov’t that violates our natural rights
  1. How do you think England’s policy of salutary neglect toward the 13 colonies would affect the colonies’ future political and economic development?
  • Colonists gained a measure of independence – won’t like giving this up later.
  1. How did England’s economic policies serve the interests of the British as well as the American colonists?
  • One economic system (Colonies – natural resources, Britain – finished products), both sides prospered
  1. Describe the Salem Witch Trials.
  • Religious hysteria led to trials.
  1. How did the ideas of the Englightenment lead to the Great Awakening? How did the Great Awakening lead to the growth of democratic ideas in the 13 colonies? Who were some of the influential people involved with the Great Awakening?
  • Revivals – Jonathan Edwards “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”
  • Emotional reactions to Enlightenment’s reliance on human reason
  • Inspired Americans so it leads to growth of democratic ideals
  1. Describe Ben Franklin’s role as an influential person in colonial America.
  • Conducted experiments (lightning rod, bifocals); fire fighter; post master; Poor Richards Almanac, etc.