More Light Bulb Circuits

Objectives:

  • Construct combination light bulb circuits based on descriptive explanations
  • Compare brightness of bulbs within and across circuits
  • Observe changes in bulb brightness within a circuit as specified individual bulbs “go out”

Materials:

  • Christmas tree lights
  • D cells
  • D cell holders
  • Electrical wire/clips
  • Switch

Part I Procedure:

  • Draw and label circuit diagrams containing arrangements of bulbs matching eachof the following circuit arrangement descriptions.
  • Examine changes in the brightness of the remaining bulbs afterspecifiedbulbs“go out.”
  • Give descriptions and explanations of your observations according to the outlined structure.
  1. “Bulbs B and C are in parallel with each other while in series with Bulb A”

Starting bulb brightness order = ______, because…

When Bulb B goes out, the total resistance

of this circuit ______, making the

total current in this circuit ______.

This leaves the remaining circuit equivalent to

the one drawn in the box to the right.

Bulb A gets ______because…

Bulb C gets ______because…

The new bulb brightness order = ______because…

What happens to the original circuit when Bulb A goes out?

  1. “Bulbs B and C are in series with each other while in parallel with Bulb A”

Starting bulb brightness order = ______, because…

When Bulb B goes out, the total resistance

of this circuit ______, making the

total current in this circuit ______.

This leaves the remaining circuit equivalent to

the one drawn in the box to the right.

Bulb A gets ______because…

Bulb C gets ______because…

The new bulb brightness order = ______because…

When Bulb A goes out, the total resistance

of this circuit ______, making the

total current in this circuit ______.

This leaves the remaining circuit equivalent to

the one drawn in the box to the right.

Bulb B gets ______because…

Bulb C gets ______because…

The new bulb brightness order = ______because…

  1. “Bulbs A and B are in parallel with each other while in series with Bulbs C and D, which are in parallel with each other”

Starting bulb brightness order = ______, because…

When Bulb A goes out, the total resistance

of this circuit ______, making the

total current in this circuit ______.

This leaves the remaining circuit equivalent to

the one drawn in the box to the right.

Bulb B gets ______because…

Bulb C gets ______because…

Bulb D gets ______because…

The new bulb brightness order = ______because…

IV. “Bulb A is in series with a parallel section that contains Bulbs B and C in series in one

branch and the single Bulb D in the other branch”

Starting bulb brightness order = ______, because…

When Bulb B goes out, the total resistance

of this circuit ______, making the

total current in this circuit ______.

This leaves the remaining circuit equivalent to

the one drawn in the box to the right.

Bulb A gets ______because…

Bulb C gets ______because…

Bulb D gets ______because…

The new bulb brightness order = ______because…

When Bulb D goes out, the total resistance

of this circuit ______, making the

total current in this circuit ______.

This leaves the remaining circuit equivalent to

the one drawn in the box to the right.

Bulb A gets ______because…

Bulb B gets ______because…

Bulb C gets ______because…

The new bulb brightness order = ______because…

What happens to the other bulbs when Bulb A goes out?

V. Construct your own circuit containing 5 bulbs. Make statements describing the changes in

bulb brightness when specific bulbs go out. Show all work in the space below.

Part II Procedure:

Given these descriptions of Circuits 1, 2, 3, and 4:

  1. “B and C are in parallel with each other while in series with A”
  2. “D and E are in series with each other”
  3. “F and G are in series with each other while in parallel with H”
  4. “I and J are in parallel with each other”
  • Draw and label circuit diagrams containing arrangements of identical bulbs matching each of the four circuit arrangement descriptions.

Circuit 1.Circuit 2.Circuit 3.Circuit 4.

  • Construct all four circuits. Use 2 dry cells for each circuit.
  • Compare the brightness of all ten bulbs across all four circuits.
  • Provide an explanation for your brightness order observations.Hint: You may find it easier to put in values for the battery’s EMF, make up values for the resistance of each bulb, and then use calculations.

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