Name ______

Unit 4

Migration & Industrialization 1877-1917

Chapter 13

Outline______(100)

Assessment______(100)

Chapter 14

Outline______(100)

Assessment______(100)

Chapter 15

Outline______(100)

Assessment______(100)

Chapter 16

Outline______(100)

Assessment______(100)

Overall Grade ______(800)

Chapter 13: Changes on the Western Frontier
Section 1: Cultures Clash on the Prairie
  1. The desire for ______& ______caused many Americans to seek fortune out West.

Directions: Complete chart analyzing the effects of western expansion.

Cause / Effect
Discovery of gold in Colorado
Sand Creek Massacre
Treaty of Fort Laramie
Gold miners enter the Sioux’s sacred Black Hills
Custer’s last stand
The policy of assimilation formalized in the Dawes Act
Ghost Movement, death of Sitting Bull, the Battle of wounded Knee

Section 2: Settling on the Great Plains

  1. Due to fertile farmland, the ______was the place where most farmers looked to settle.

Directions: Complete the Chart analyzing why the Eastern Great Plains was the place to farm.

Cause / Effects
Land grants given to the railroads
The Homestead Act passed
Inventions and improvements in farm technology
The Morrill Land Grant Acts and Hatch Act
  1. Hardships of farmers in the Great Plains included:
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______

Section 3: Farmers and the Populist Movement

Directions: Read the statement and complete the questions.

  • In the late 1800s, farmers faced increasing costs and decreasing crop prices.
  1. Why had farming become unprofitable?
  1. Why did farmers support “free silver”?
  • In 1892, farmers and farm organizations, such as the Grange, found support in Populism and the People’s Party.
  1. What economic reforms did the People’s Party call for?
  1. What political reforms…?
  • In 1896, the Populists supported presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan.
  1. What factions opposed Bryan in the election?
  1. In what ways did the result of this election confirm this view?

Chapter in Review

Directions: Complete the questions below.

  1. Identify three differences between the culture of the Native Americans and the culture of the white settlers on the Great Plains.
  1. How did the Homestead Act & the Dawes Act affect life on the Frontier?
  1. Identify & explain two instances that showed the ugliness of western expansion.
  1. Describe the “Cowboy” of the mid to late 1800s.
  1. Explain how the building of railroads affected the area of The Great Plains.
  1. Identify the causes of the rise of the Populist Party.
  1. Identify three reforms that the Populist party pushed to support.
Chapter 14: A New Industrial Age

Section 1: The Expansion of Industry

  1. After the Civil War, the US was still mostly a rural nation. However, by the 1920s, It had become the leading Industrial nation in the world. This change was caused by three factors:

A.______

  1. ______
  2. ______

Directions: For each factor, list the reasons for its occurrence.

Factor A
Factor B
Factor C

Section 2: The Age of Railroads

  1. Railroads were critical to the settlement of the west and development of the nation. Because of this, the ______made huge land grants and loans to the railroad companies.

2. The three benefits of government money to the RR’s included:

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______

3. What was the drawback?

4. In 1877, the Supreme Court ruled in ______that states had the right to regulate RR rates for the benefit of small farmers and consumers.

5. How did the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 weaken the authority of states’ ability to regulate RR rates?

Section 3: Big Business & Labor
  1. As a result of the federal government’s lack of regulation on big business (known as ______), the following results occurred:

A)______

B)______

C)______

D)______

  1. The following labor unions emerged:

a. AFL—

b. ARU—

c. IWW—

  1. In order to deal with growing consumer concern, the government passed the ______in 1890 which made it illegal to form a trust that interfered with trade between states and other countries.
  2. As a result of the malpractices of “Robber Barons,” the following strikes occurred:

Great Strike of 1877 / The Haymarket Affair / The Homestead Strike / The Pullman Company Strike

Chapter in Review

Directions: Complete the questions below.

  1. What three factors caused an industrial boom at the end of the 19th century?
  1. Explain how the Bessemer converter revolutionized the transportation industry.
  1. Identify the effects that the inventions of electricity, typewriter, & telephone had on American society at the turn of the 19th century.
  1. Identify three positive & three negative effects of the railroad boom.
  1. A “Captain of Industry” is someone who revolutionizes an idea for the good of society. A “Robber Baron” is someone who manipulates an idea for profit. Explain whether the following individuals are Captains or Robbers: Carnegie, Morgan, Rockefeller.
Chapter 15: Immigrants & Urbanization
Section 1: The New Immigrants
  1. When immigrants came to this country in the late 1800s and early 1900s, they were required to enter through ______or ______.
  1. Old immigrants came from ______while new immigrants arrived from ______.
  1. Immigration caused the following problems:
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ______
  1. In trying to limit immigration Congress passed two laws:
  2. Chinese Exclusion Act—
  1. Gentlemen’s Agreement—
Section 2: Challenges of Urbanization

Directions: Complete the chart below analyzing the problems of urbanization.

The Problems / What was Done?
Lack of safe & efficient transportation
Unsafe drinking water
Lack of sanitation
Fire hazards
Crime
Section 3: Politics in the Gilded Age
  1. The ______was the era in American history when, on the surface, the United States looked like a booming country and a great place for opportunity and life. However, if you scratch the surface, the United States was a place that included corrupt politics, poor working and living conditions, and filled with hatred towards businesses and immigrants.
  1. As a result of Gilded Age practices, the ______sought to improve the ugly conditions within the United States
  1. The ugly conditions of the Gilded Age included:
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ______
  7. ______
  8. ______

Chapter in Review

Directions: Complete the questions below.

  1. Identify three reasons Immigrants looked to come to America.
  1. Identify three problems immigrants faced when arriving in America.
  1. Identify five problems created by the hugs influx of immigrants at the turn of the 19th century.
  1. Explain how a political machine was able to “get around’ federal regulation regarding big business & city politics.
  1. Identify three ways the federal gov’t attempted to delete political machines.

Chapter 16: Life at the Turn of the 20th Century

Section 1: Science & Urban Life
  • There were many technological changes that affected American life at the turn of the 20th Century. Analyze those changes by completing the chart below.

Who was involved in its development? / What other inventions helped make this one impossible? / How did the invention affect American lives?
Skyscraper
Electric Transit
Suspension Bridge
Urban Planning
Airmail
Web-perfecting Press
Kodak Camera
Section 2: Expanding Public Education

Directions: Use the chart below to describe the changes in education at the turn of the 20th century.

Chief Characteristics
Elementary Schools
High Schools
College & Universities
Education for immigrant Adults
  1. What was the difference between the schools developed by Booker T. Washington and WEB Dubois?
Section 3: Segregation & Discrimination

Directions: Analyze the racial tension that existed in the late 19th century by defining the policies below.

  1. Literacy Test—
  1. Poll Tax
  1. Grandfather Clause—
  1. Jim Crow Laws—
  1. Chinese Exclusion Act—
  1. Debt Patronage—
  1. Plessy v. Ferguson—
Section 4: The Dawn of Mass Culture

Directions: Define the 8 areas of mass culture that emerged in the early 20th century.

  1. Amusement Parks—
  1. Bicycling—
  1. Boxing—
  1. Baseball—
  1. Shopping Centers—
  1. Department Stores—
  1. Chain Stores—
  1. Mail-order Catalogs—

Chapter in Review

Directions: Complete the questions below.

  1. Identify one way our nation improved…

COMMNICATION:

TRANSPORTATION:

SPACE (over crowdedness):

  1. Identify four problems faced by public education.
  1. Who was the 1st African American to earn a PH.D from Harvard? ______
  1. Identify five types of leisure activities that appeared at the turn of the 19th century.